JJ Duke, PhD - Assistant Professor

Email:
JJ.Duke​@nau.edu
Call:
928-523-0879

Integrative Cardiopulmonary Physiology Laboratory

 

What we study:

Our lab focuses, broadly, on various aspects of the regulation and function of the pulmonary system at rest and during exercise. Specifically, we are interested in the limitations to normal pulmonary function at rest and during exercise in adult survivors of premature birth, as well as basic and applied respiratory mechanics (study of the relationships between pressure, airflow, and volume in the pulmonary system). Lastly, we are interested in acclimatization and de-acclimatization to moderate altitude.

Why is this important:

Adult survivors of preterm birth have impaired pulmonary function and exercise ability compared to individuals who were born at “full” term. They have been compared to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but likely have an entirely different etiology and physiology. Our studies aim to better understand how and why ex-preterms are different and/or similar to their healthy counterparts and those with COPD.

Likewise, respiratory mechanics is an important area as it describes the “how” of ventilation at rest and exercise. Much is still unknown about respiratory mechanics, particularly in regards to potential sex differences, due the complexity and difficulty in measurements.

Finally, many investigators study “altitude physiology” but the majority of the work is focused upon high altitude, which few of the general population will visit and spend an appreciable amount of time. Additionally, the timing of de-acclimatization (loss of temporary adaptations when residing at altitude for several weeks and months) is not been a focus of study.

Please visit our Google Sites lab webpage for more details and information.

Lab personnel:

JJ Duke, PhD – Principal Investigator
Betsy Gideon, MS – PhD student
Jo Erram, MS – PhD student
Colin Hubbard, BS – PhD student

Current studies:

Assessment of respiratory mechanics in adult survivors of preterm birth: The purpose of this study is to find out why/how pulmonary function and exercise capacity is lower in adults born premature. This study addresses several important questions: 1) Does pulmonary function improve when adult survivors of preterm birth take asthma medicine? 2) Is respiratory muscle strength and function impaired in adult survivors of preterm birth? 3) Do adult survivors of preterm birth have excessive airway hyperresponsiveness? 4) Is pulmonary system compliance (ease of expanding) normal in adult survivors of preterm birth? 5) Is the mechanical work of breathing during exercise greater in adult survivors of preterm birth compared to those that were born at “full” term?

De-acclimatization from moderate altitude: The purpose of this study is to learn about the magnitude of changes in total hemoglobin mass (total number of oxygen carrying red blood cells) and the hypoxic ventilatory response (how much one increases their breathing in response to decreased oxygen in the air) occur when someone acclimatized to moderate altitude descend to near-sea level for 3 days.

Student opportunities and past publications:

Undergraduate student opportunities Accordion Closed

Undergraduate students must commit to working in the lab~6-8 hours per week. This will include scheduled time in the lab, i.e., work hours, and weekly lab meetings. Additionally, undergraduate students are expected to flexible and willing to work outside of assigned hours as needed to assist with data collection. Undergraduate students will be enrolled in BIO-485 (Undergraduate Research) and receive 1-3 credits for working in the lab. Students will assist in ongoing research projects at various levels including subject screening, data collection, and data analysis. Most students will have the opportunity to present at UGRADS and are encouraged to apply for grants like the Hooper Undergraduate Research Award.

Interested students should contact Dr. Duke to discuss potential opportunities and career aspirations and goals.

Graduate student opportunities Accordion Closed

Dr. Duke is always seeking bright and motivated potential graduate students (MS and PhD). Interested students should reach out to Dr. Duke directly to discuss potential opportunities.

Publications Accordion Closed

Underlined individuals are student authors

  1. Duke, J.W., Beasley, K.M., Speros, J.P., Elliott, J.E., Laurie, S.S., Hawn, J.A., and Lovering, A.T. Impaired pulmonary gas exchange efficiency, but normal pulmonary artery pressure increases with alveolar hypoxia in men and women with patent foramen ovale. Exp Physiol. DOI: 10.1113/EP088750.
  1. Duke, J.W., Lovering, A.T., and Goss, K.N. Premature aging and increased risk of adult cardiopulmonary disease after extreme preterm birth: getting to the heart (and lungs) of the matter – Invited Editorial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202004-1437ED.
  1. Gideon, E.A., Cross, T.J., Cayo, B.E., Betts, A.W., Merrell, D.S., Coriell, C.L., Hays, L.E., and Duke, J.W. Thoracic gas compression during forced expiration is greater in men than women. Physiol Rep. 8: e14404, 2020.
  1. Molgat-Seon, Y., Dominelli, P.B., Peters, C.M., Guenette, J.A., Sheel, A.W., Gladstone, I.M., Lovering, A.T., and Duke, J.W. Analysis of maximal expiratory flow-volume curves in adult survivors of preterm birth. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 317: R588-R596, 2019.
  1. Duke, J.W., Zidron, A.M., Gladstone, I.M., and Lovering, A.T. Alleviating mechanical constraints to ventilation with heliox improves exercise endurance in adult survivors of very preterm birth. Thorax 74: 302-304, 2019.
  1. Balba, N.M., Elliott, J.E., Weymann, K.B., Opel, R.A., Duke, J.W., Oken, B.S., Heinricher, M.M., and Lim, M.M. Increased sleep disturbances and pain in Veterans with co-morbid TBI and PTSD. J Clin Sleep Med. 14(11): 1865-1878, 2018
  1. Laurie, S.S., Elliott, J.E., Beasley, K.M., Mangum, T.S., Goodman, R.D., Duke, J.W., Gladstone, I.M., and Lovering, A.T. Exaggerated increase in pulmonary artery pressure during exercise in adults born preterm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 197(6): 821-823, 2018.
  1. Duke, J.W., Gladstone, I.M., Sheel, A.W., and Lovering, A.T. Premature birth affects the degree of airway dysanapsis and mechanical ventilatory constraints. Exp Physiol. 103: 261-275, 2018. **Editor’s Pick**
  1. Duke, J.W., Elliott, J.E., Laurie, S.S., Voelkel, T., Gladstone, I.M., Fish, M.B., and Lovering, A.T. Bubble and macroaggregate method differ in detection of blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses in upright and supine hypoxia in humans. J Appl Physiol. 123: 1592-1598, 2017.
  1. Duke, J.W., Elliott, J.E., Laurie, S.S., Voelkel, T., Gladstone, I.M., Fish, M.B., and Lovering, A.T. Relationship between quantitative and descriptive methods of studying blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses during exercise. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 243: 47-54, 2017.
  1. Duke, J.W., Elliott, J.E., Laurie, S.S., and Lovering, A.T. Comment to Viewpoint: “Decompression sickness in breath-hold diving: a case of floating bubbles?” J Appl Physiol, 120: 1479-1480, 2016.
  1. Duke, J.W., Davis, J.T., Ryan, B.J., Elliott, J.E., Beasley, K.M., Hawn, J.A., Byrnes, W.C. and Lovering, A.T. Reduced arterial PO2, not arterial O2 content, regulates hypoxia-induced blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses at rest. J Physiol. 594(17): 4981-4996, 2016.
  1. Lovering, A.T., Duke, J.W., and Elliott, J.E. Intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses in humans – response to exercise and the environment. J Physiol, 593(3): 507-520, 2015.
  1. Duke, J.W., Elliott, J.E., and Lovering, A.T. Clinical considerations for techniques to detect and quantify blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses: lessons from physiological studies. Echocardiography, 32(3): S195-S204, 2015.
  1. Weavil, J.C., Duke, J.W., Stickford, J.L., Stager, J.M., Chapman, R.F., and Mickleborough, T.D. Expiratory flow limitation and aerobic performance at simulated altitude. Eur J Appl Physiol. 115: 1653-1663, 2015.
  1. Elliott, J.E., Duke, J.W., Hawn, J.A., Halliwill, J.R., and Lovering, A.T. Response to: “Output, pressure, and shunt: misrepresentation of pulmonary haemodynamics.” J Physiol 593(2): 483-484, 2015.
  1. Lovering, A.T., Elliott, J.E., Laurie, S.S., Beasley, K.M., Gust, C.E., Mangum, T.S., Gladstone, I.M., and Duke, J.W. Ventilatory and sensory responses in adult survivors of preterm birth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia with reduced exercise capacity. Ann Am Thorac Soc, 11(10): 1528-1537, 2014.
  1. Elliott, J.E., Duke, J.W., Hawn, J.A., Halliwill, J.R., and Lovering, A.T. Increased cardiac output, not pulmonary artery systolic pressure, increases intrapulmonary shunt in healthy humans at rest breathing room air and 40% O2. J Physiol, 592(20): 4537-4553, 2014.
  1. Duke, J.W., Stickford, J.L., Weavil, J.C., Chapman, R.F., Stager, J.M., and Mickleborough, T.D. Operating lung volumes are affected by exercise mode but not trunk and hip angle during maximal exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 114: 2387-2397, 2014.
  1. Duke, J.W., Elliott, J.E., Laurie, S.S., Beasley, K.M., Mangum, T.S., Goodman, R.D., Hawn, J.A., Gladstone, I.M., and Lovering, A.T. Pulmonary gas exchange efficiency during exercise breathing normoxic and hypoxic gas in adults born very preterm with low diffusing capacity. J Appl Physiol, 117(5): 473-481, 2014.
  1. Norris, H.C., Mangum, T.S., Duke, J.W., Straley, T.B., Hawn, J.A., Goodman, R.D., and Lovering, A.T. Exercise- and hypoxia-induced blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses is reduced in older adults. J Appl Physiol, 116(10): 1324-1333, 2014.
  1. Tanner, D.A., Duke, J.W., and Stager, J.M. Ventilatory patterns differ between maximal running and cycling. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 191: 9-16, 2014.
  1. Turner, L.A., Tecklenburg-Lund, S.L., Chapman, R.F., Stager, J.M., Duke, W., and Mickleborough, T.D. Effect of inspiratory loading on limb locomotor and respiratory muscle deoxygenation during submaximal and maximal exercise. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 185: 506-514, 2013.
  1. Duke, J.W., Chapman, R.F., and Levine, B.D. Invited Commentary: Live-high Train-low Altitude Training on Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Sci Coach 7(1): 15-19, 2011.
  1. Duke, J.W., Mickleborough, T.D., Stager, J.M., and Chapman, R.F. Intra-race position for medal winners in track distance events at the Beijing Olympics.  New Studies in Athletics, 3/4: 89-96, 2011.
  1. Duke, J.W., Lane, A.R., Behr, M.B., Ondrak, K.S., and Hackney, A.C. Exercise training biomarkers: influence of diet on the lactate to rating of perceived exertion (La:RPE) ratio. Acta Physiol Hung, 98(2): 128-136, 2011.
  1. Lane, A.R., Duke, J.W., and Hackney, A.C. Influence of dietary carbohydrate intake on the testosterone: cortisol ratio responses to short-term intensive exercise training. Eur J Appl Physiol, 108(6): 1125-1131, 2010.
  1. Duke, J.W., Behr, M.B., Ondrak, K.S., and Hackney, A.C. Day-to-day variability of the lactate-to-rating of perceived exertion ratio. Phys Ed Sport, 52(2): 65-69, 2008.
  1. Duke, J.W., Rubin, D.A., Daly, W., and Hackney, A.C. Influence of prolonged exercise on the 24-hour free testosterone to cortisol ratio hormonal profile. Med Sportiva, 11(2): 48-50, 2007.
Biological Sciences
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Room 227 Building 21
Biological Sciences
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Flagstaff, Arizona 86011
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