HOW CAN WE HELP?
928-523-9104
CHER@nau.eduCenter for Health Equity Research (CHER) publications
Faculty and staff publications
NAU faculty and staff have the opportunity to publish their findings and knowledge as authors. CHER has many researchers that have been cited multiple times in major publications for their great work. We have accumulated all faculty publications into one, easy to navigate database.
Castagno, Angelina E; Ingram, Jani C; Camplain, Ricky International Journal of Science Education, 45 (2), pp. 106-124, 2023. @article{Castagno2023b, title = {Opening up STEMM pathways among Indigenous people in the U.S.: what is the role of cultural, spiritual, and ethical conflicts in Indigenous people's STEMM educational and career decisions?}, author = {Angelina E. Castagno and Jani C. Ingram and Ricky Camplain}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2022.2152293}, doi = {10.1080/09500693.2022.2152293}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-06-07}, journal = {International Journal of Science Education}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {106-124}, abstract = {This paper explores how the educational and career paths of Indigenous people in STEMM have been impacted by ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues. Based on a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM fields, plus over 30 follow-up interviews, we find that these issues cause some Indigenous people to leave particular fields altogether, others to avoid certain tasks within their chosen field, and still others to intentionally select particular fields. Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper explores how the educational and career paths of Indigenous people in STEMM have been impacted by ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues. Based on a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM fields, plus over 30 follow-up interviews, we find that these issues cause some Indigenous people to leave particular fields altogether, others to avoid certain tasks within their chosen field, and still others to intentionally select particular fields. Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields. |
Curley, Caleigh; Eddie, Regina; Tallis, Kristen; Lane, Taylor S; Yazzie, Del; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Lorts, Cori; Shin, Sonya; Behrens, Timothy K; George, Carmen; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Ashley, Christine; de Heer, Hendrik D The Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act: Community Support of a 2% Tax on Unhealthy Foods Journal Article Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP, 29(5) (00), pp. 622-632, 2023. @article{Curley2023, title = {The Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act: Community Support of a 2% Tax on Unhealthy Foods}, author = {Caleigh Curley and Regina Eddie and Kristen Tallis and Taylor S Lane and Del Yazzie and Priscilla R Sanderson and Cori Lorts and Sonya Shin and Timothy K Behrens and Carmen George and Ramona Antone-Nez and Christine Ashley and Hendrik D de Heer}, url = {https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2023/09000/the_navajo_nation_healthy_din__nation_act_.4.aspx}, doi = {10.1097/PHH.0000000000001753}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-05-23}, journal = {Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP}, volume = {29(5)}, number = {00}, pages = {622-632}, abstract = {Context: The Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014 included a 2% tax on foods of little-to-no-nutritious value (“junk foods”) on the Navajo Nation. The law was the first ever in the United States and any Indigenous nation worldwide with a population at a high risk for common nutrition-related conditions. To date, research on community support for food tax legislation among Indigenous nations is entirely lacking. Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had …}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Context: The Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014 included a 2% tax on foods of little-to-no-nutritious value (“junk foods”) on the Navajo Nation. The law was the first ever in the United States and any Indigenous nation worldwide with a population at a high risk for common nutrition-related conditions. To date, research on community support for food tax legislation among Indigenous nations is entirely lacking. Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had … |
Karmarkar, Amol M; Roy, Indrakshi; Rivera-Hernandez, Maricruz; Shaibi, Stefany; Baldwin, Julie A; Lane, Taylor; Kean, Jacob; Kumar, Amit Alzheimer's & Dementia, 19 (9), pp. 4037-4045, 2023. @article{Karmarkar2023b, title = {Examining the role of race and quality of home health agencies in delayed initiation of home health services for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)}, author = {Amol M. Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez and Stefany Shaibi and Julie A. Baldwin and Taylor Lane and Jacob Kean and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13139}, doi = {10.1002/alz.13139}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-05-19}, journal = {Alzheimer's & Dementia}, volume = {19}, number = {9}, pages = {4037-4045}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). METHODS Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge. RESULTS Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA. DISCUSSION Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } INTRODUCTION We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). METHODS Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge. RESULTS Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA. DISCUSSION Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients. |
Baldwin, Julie; Alvarado, Angelica; Jarratt-Snider, Karen; Hunter, Amanda; Keene, Chesleigh; Castagno, Angelina; Ali-Joseph, Alisse; Roddy, Juliette; Jr, Manley Begay A; Joseph, Darold H; Goldtooth, Carol; Camplain, Carolyn; Smith, Melinda; McCue, Kelly; Begay, Andria B; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Multi-Method Study Journal Article Forthcoming JMIR Publications, Forthcoming. @article{Baldwin2023, title = {Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Multi-Method Study}, author = {Julie Baldwin and Angelica Alvarado and Karen Jarratt-Snider and Amanda Hunter and Chesleigh Keene and Angelina Castagno and Alisse Ali-Joseph and Juliette Roddy and Manley A. Begay Jr and Darold H. Joseph and Carol Goldtooth and Carolyn Camplain and Melinda Smith and Kelly McCue and Andria B. Begay and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/44727/accepted}, doi = {10.2196/44727}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-05-03}, journal = {JMIR Publications}, abstract = {Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A |
Karmarkar, Amol M; Roy, Indrakshi; Lane, Taylor; Shaibi, Stefany; Baldwin, Julie A; Kumar, Amit Home health services for minorities in urban and rural areas with Alzheimer's and related dementia Journal Article Home Health Care Service Quarterly, pp. 1-17, 2023. @article{Karmarkar2023, title = {Home health services for minorities in urban and rural areas with Alzheimer's and related dementia}, author = {Amol M Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Taylor Lane and Stefany Shaibi and Julie A Baldwin and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621424.2023.2206368?journalCode=whhc20}, doi = {10.1080/01621424.2023.2206368}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-04-27}, journal = {Home Health Care Service Quarterly}, pages = {1-17}, abstract = {Timely access and continuum of care in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is critical. This is a retrospective study on Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with ADRD diagnosis discharged to home with home health care following an episode of acute hospitalization. Our sample included 262,525 patients. White patients in rural areas have significantly higher odds of delay (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). Black patients in urban areas (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.19) and Hispanic patients in urban areas also were more likely to have a delay (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11). Black and Hispanic patients residing in urban areas had a higher likelihood of delay in home healthcare initiation following hospitalization compared to Whites residing in urban areas.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Timely access and continuum of care in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is critical. This is a retrospective study on Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with ADRD diagnosis discharged to home with home health care following an episode of acute hospitalization. Our sample included 262,525 patients. White patients in rural areas have significantly higher odds of delay (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). Black patients in urban areas (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.19) and Hispanic patients in urban areas also were more likely to have a delay (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11). Black and Hispanic patients residing in urban areas had a higher likelihood of delay in home healthcare initiation following hospitalization compared to Whites residing in urban areas. |
Oi, Katsuya; Pollitt, Amanda M The roles of non-heterosexuality outside of identity and gender non-conformity in Allostatic Load among young adults Journal Article SSM Population Health, 22 , 2023. @article{Oi2023, title = {The roles of non-heterosexuality outside of identity and gender non-conformity in Allostatic Load among young adults}, author = {Katsuya Oi and Amanda M Pollitt}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323000654?via%3Dihub}, doi = {10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101400}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-04-07}, journal = {SSM Population Health}, volume = {22}, abstract = {Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contrasted levels of Allostatic Load at the baseline and change observed between the age 20s and 30s, among self-identified Lesbians/Gays/Bisexuals and heterosexuals with non-heterosexual attraction/behavior (discordant heterosexuals), against heterosexuals without (concordant heterosexuals). In addition, the study tested if Allostatic Load differs for each of the sexual orientation group differs jointly or independently of gender non-conformity. The study found no Allostatic Load elevation for self-identified non-heterosexual men and women. For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contrasted levels of Allostatic Load at the baseline and change observed between the age 20s and 30s, among self-identified Lesbians/Gays/Bisexuals and heterosexuals with non-heterosexual attraction/behavior (discordant heterosexuals), against heterosexuals without (concordant heterosexuals). In addition, the study tested if Allostatic Load differs for each of the sexual orientation group differs jointly or independently of gender non-conformity. The study found no Allostatic Load elevation for self-identified non-heterosexual men and women. For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity. |
Castagno, Angelina E; Camplain, Ricky; Ingram, Jani C; Blackhorse, Davona “It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM Journal Article Science Education, 107 (4), pp. 837-852, 2023. @article{Castagno2023bb, title = {“It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM}, author = {Angelina E. Castagno and Ricky Camplain and Jani C. Ingram and Davona Blackhorse}, doi = {10.1002/sce.21792}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-22}, journal = {Science Education}, volume = {107}, number = {4}, pages = {837-852}, abstract = {This article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge. |
Bosch, Pamela R; Barr, Dawn; Roy, Indrakshi; Fabricant, Maximillian; Mann, Audrey; Mangone, Elizabeth; Karmarkar, Amol; Kumar, Amit Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke Journal Article ScienceDirect, 5 (1), 2023. @article{Bosch2023, title = {Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke}, author = {Pamela R. Bosch and Dawn Barr and Indrakshi Roy and Maximillian Fabricant and Audrey Mann and Elizabeth Mangone and Amol Karmarkar and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, doi = {10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-15}, journal = {ScienceDirect}, volume = {5}, number = {1}, abstract = {To examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. 1397 adult patients (mean ± SD age: 69.4 [13.5]; 724 men) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (N=1397). 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively). Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } To examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. 1397 adult patients (mean ± SD age: 69.4 [13.5]; 724 men) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (N=1397). 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively). Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge. |
Samantha Sabo Louisa O'Meara, Janet Yellowhair Joyce Hamilton JT Nashio Brook Bender Fernando Flores Jr Marianne Bennett Rema Metts Isabella Denton Kim Russell Frontiers in Public Health, 11 , 2023. @article{Sabo2023b, title = {Community Health Representative Workforce: Integration across systems and teams to address the social determinants of indigenous health and wellbeing}, author = {Samantha Sabo, Louisa O'Meara, Janet Yellowhair, Joyce Hamilton, JT Nashio, Brook Bender, Fernando Flores Jr, Marianne Bennett, Rema Metts, Isabella Denton, Kim Russell}, editor = {Lily K. Lee}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1047152}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1047152}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-15}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {11}, abstract = {Tribally employed, Community Health Representatives (CHRs) serving Indigenous and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) peoples are culturally and linguistically embedded community leaders, with the unique ability to serve as the link and intermediary between community members and systems. Unique to the CHR workforce scope of practice is the expectation for high level integration within the medical and social service care team. This explicit role outlined in the scope of work sets an expectation for both CHR and care teams to deliver integrated patient, family, and systems level care coordination and case management. This paper aims to build from our previous manuscript published in Volume 1 of the special issue Community Health Workers Practice from Recruitment to Integration. In that Volume, we explored through a Community Case Study CHR Managers’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for full CHR integration into health systems and teams serving AIAN. In this paper, we offer new information about the current CHR and CHR Managers’ involvements and perceived level of integration within health care teams and the broader public health systems addressing the social and structural determinants of health. We approach this topic considering the COVID-19 pandemic and how CHRs and CHR Programs were included and not included in tribal pandemic response efforts.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Tribally employed, Community Health Representatives (CHRs) serving Indigenous and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) peoples are culturally and linguistically embedded community leaders, with the unique ability to serve as the link and intermediary between community members and systems. Unique to the CHR workforce scope of practice is the expectation for high level integration within the medical and social service care team. This explicit role outlined in the scope of work sets an expectation for both CHR and care teams to deliver integrated patient, family, and systems level care coordination and case management. This paper aims to build from our previous manuscript published in Volume 1 of the special issue Community Health Workers Practice from Recruitment to Integration. In that Volume, we explored through a Community Case Study CHR Managers’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for full CHR integration into health systems and teams serving AIAN. In this paper, we offer new information about the current CHR and CHR Managers’ involvements and perceived level of integration within health care teams and the broader public health systems addressing the social and structural determinants of health. We approach this topic considering the COVID-19 pandemic and how CHRs and CHR Programs were included and not included in tribal pandemic response efforts. |
Evans, Linnea A; Gomez, Omar; Jiménez, Dulce J; Williamson, Heather J; Carver, Ann Turnlund; Parthasarathy, Sairam; Sabo, Samantha Engaging Youth and Young Adults in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response via the “It’s Our Turn” Crowdsourcing Contest Journal Article Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20 (6), pp. 5112, 2023. @article{Evans2023, title = {Engaging Youth and Young Adults in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response via the “It’s Our Turn” Crowdsourcing Contest}, author = {Linnea A. Evans and Omar Gomez and Dulce J. Jiménez and Heather J. Williamson and Ann Turnlund Carver and Sairam Parthasarathy and Samantha Sabo}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065112}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20065112}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-14}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {6}, pages = {5112}, abstract = {As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continued to progress into 2021, appeals were made to take a stronger focus on the perceptions and practices of youth and young adults (YYAs) regarding COVID-19 mitigation, as well as the impact of mitigation strategies on the overall wellbeing of YYAs. In this paper, we describe our efforts to increase YYA engagement in Arizona’s COVID-19 response by pairing embedded values from youth participatory action research (YPAR) with a crowdsourcing challenge contest design. The research protocol and implementation are described, followed by a thematic analysis of YYA-led messaging portrayed in 23 contest submissions and reflections formed by 223 community voters after viewing contest submissions. The authors conclude that a YYA-led crowdsourcing contest presented an opportunity to (a.) investigate the perceptions and behaviors of YYAs and their networks regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation efforts and (b.) amplify the voices of YYAs in the pandemic response. Perhaps even more importantly, this approach also offered insight into the exacerbated impact of the pandemic on YYA mental health and wellbeing, and the utility of YPAR in raising awareness of these effects among the contexts and social networks of YYAs.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continued to progress into 2021, appeals were made to take a stronger focus on the perceptions and practices of youth and young adults (YYAs) regarding COVID-19 mitigation, as well as the impact of mitigation strategies on the overall wellbeing of YYAs. In this paper, we describe our efforts to increase YYA engagement in Arizona’s COVID-19 response by pairing embedded values from youth participatory action research (YPAR) with a crowdsourcing challenge contest design. The research protocol and implementation are described, followed by a thematic analysis of YYA-led messaging portrayed in 23 contest submissions and reflections formed by 223 community voters after viewing contest submissions. The authors conclude that a YYA-led crowdsourcing contest presented an opportunity to (a.) investigate the perceptions and behaviors of YYAs and their networks regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation efforts and (b.) amplify the voices of YYAs in the pandemic response. Perhaps even more importantly, this approach also offered insight into the exacerbated impact of the pandemic on YYA mental health and wellbeing, and the utility of YPAR in raising awareness of these effects among the contexts and social networks of YYAs. |
Pollitt, Amanda M; Fish, Jessica N; Watson, Ryan J Measurement equivalence of family acceptance/rejection among sexual and gender minority youth by disclosure status Journal Article Journal of Family Psychology, 37 (2), pp. 195-202, 2023. @article{Pollitt2023, title = {Measurement equivalence of family acceptance/rejection among sexual and gender minority youth by disclosure status}, author = {Amanda M Pollitt and Jessica N Fish and Ryan J Watson}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36634006/}, doi = {10.1037/fam0001056}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-01}, journal = {Journal of Family Psychology}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {195-202}, abstract = {Family acceptance is a crucial component of healthy development during adolescence, especially for sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) who often fear rejection from family members. Studies focused on SGMY family environments often utilize broad measures that fail to capture SGMY-specific aspects of family acceptance and rejection. Less research has considered how the measurement of family acceptance and rejection might differ depending on whether SGMY have disclosed their sexual and/or gender identities to their parents. We used data from a national nonprobability sample of 9,127 SGMY in the United States who had either disclosed (n = 6,683) or not disclosed (n = 2,444) their sexual and/or gender identities to parents to test the factor structure of an eight-item measure of family acceptance and rejection and differences by disclosure status. A two-factor, negatively correlated model reflecting constructs of family acceptance and family rejection was equivalent across disclosure groups. Youth who had disclosed their identity reported greater acceptance and less rejection and showed a stronger negative association between the two constructs than nondisclosed youth. Family acceptance, but not rejection, had higher variability among disclosed youth than nondisclosed youth. Results suggest that the family environments of SGMY are simultaneously characterized by accepting and rejecting behaviors. Though families of disclosed youth appear to be more accepting and less rejecting, the experiences of these youth are complex. Findings suggest that research on SGMY family environment must consider both supportive and undermining behaviors and that the measures assessed here operate similarly for youth based on disclosure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Family acceptance is a crucial component of healthy development during adolescence, especially for sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) who often fear rejection from family members. Studies focused on SGMY family environments often utilize broad measures that fail to capture SGMY-specific aspects of family acceptance and rejection. Less research has considered how the measurement of family acceptance and rejection might differ depending on whether SGMY have disclosed their sexual and/or gender identities to their parents. We used data from a national nonprobability sample of 9,127 SGMY in the United States who had either disclosed (n = 6,683) or not disclosed (n = 2,444) their sexual and/or gender identities to parents to test the factor structure of an eight-item measure of family acceptance and rejection and differences by disclosure status. A two-factor, negatively correlated model reflecting constructs of family acceptance and family rejection was equivalent across disclosure groups. Youth who had disclosed their identity reported greater acceptance and less rejection and showed a stronger negative association between the two constructs than nondisclosed youth. Family acceptance, but not rejection, had higher variability among disclosed youth than nondisclosed youth. Results suggest that the family environments of SGMY are simultaneously characterized by accepting and rejecting behaviors. Though families of disclosed youth appear to be more accepting and less rejecting, the experiences of these youth are complex. Findings suggest that research on SGMY family environment must consider both supportive and undermining behaviors and that the measures assessed here operate similarly for youth based on disclosure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
Sabo, Samantha; Lee, Naomi; Sears, Grant; Jiménez, Dulce J; Tutt, Marissa; Santos, Jeffersson; Gomez, Omar; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette; Bennet, Marianne; Nashio, Neva T; Flores, Fernando; Baldwin, Julie Community Health Representatives as Trusted Sources for Increasing Representation of American Indian Communities in Clinical Research Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (5), 2023. @article{Sabo2023, title = {Community Health Representatives as Trusted Sources for Increasing Representation of American Indian Communities in Clinical Research}, author = {Samantha Sabo and Naomi Lee and Grant Sears and Dulce J. Jiménez and Marissa Tutt and Jeffersson Santos and Omar Gomez and Nicolette Teufel-Shone and Marianne Bennet and T. Neva Nashio and Fernando Flores and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054391}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20054391}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-01}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {5}, abstract = {Indigenous and American Indian Alaskan Native (AI/AN) community members are systematically underrepresented in clinical trial research. This paper focuses on exploratory steps to partner with Native Nations of Arizona to engage Community Health Representatives (CHR) as a trusted source for building COVID-19 clinical trial research, including vaccine trials awareness. CHRs are frontline public health workers who apply a unique understanding of the experience, language, and culture of the population served. This workforce has entered the spotlight as essential to the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: Three Tribal CHR programs were engaged to develop and refine culturally centered educational materials and a pre-post survey using a consensus-based decision-making approach. CHRs used these materials in brief education sessions during regular client home visits and community events. At 30 days post CHR intervention, participants (N = 165) demonstrated significantly increased awareness about and ability to enroll in COVID-19 treatment and vaccine trials. Participants also described a significant increase in trust in researchers, decreased perceived barriers related to cost for participation in a clinical trial, and improved belief that participation in a COVID-19 clinical trial for treatment was considered a benefit to American Indian and Alaskan Native people. CHRs as trusted sources of information, coupled with culturally centered education materials designed by CHRs for CHR clients, demonstrated a promising approach to improved awareness of clinical trial research generally and COVID-19 trials specifically among Indigenous and American Indian community members of Arizona.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Indigenous and American Indian Alaskan Native (AI/AN) community members are systematically underrepresented in clinical trial research. This paper focuses on exploratory steps to partner with Native Nations of Arizona to engage Community Health Representatives (CHR) as a trusted source for building COVID-19 clinical trial research, including vaccine trials awareness. CHRs are frontline public health workers who apply a unique understanding of the experience, language, and culture of the population served. This workforce has entered the spotlight as essential to the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: Three Tribal CHR programs were engaged to develop and refine culturally centered educational materials and a pre-post survey using a consensus-based decision-making approach. CHRs used these materials in brief education sessions during regular client home visits and community events. At 30 days post CHR intervention, participants (N = 165) demonstrated significantly increased awareness about and ability to enroll in COVID-19 treatment and vaccine trials. Participants also described a significant increase in trust in researchers, decreased perceived barriers related to cost for participation in a clinical trial, and improved belief that participation in a COVID-19 clinical trial for treatment was considered a benefit to American Indian and Alaskan Native people. CHRs as trusted sources of information, coupled with culturally centered education materials designed by CHRs for CHR clients, demonstrated a promising approach to improved awareness of clinical trial research generally and COVID-19 trials specifically among Indigenous and American Indian community members of Arizona. |
Kahn, Carmella B; James, DeeDee; George, Shawndeena; Johnson, Tressica; Kahn-John, Michelle; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Begay, Chassity; Tutt, Marissa; Bauer, Mark C Diné (Navajo) Traditional Knowledge Holders’ Perspective of COVID-19 Journal Article Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20 (4), pp. 3728, 2023. @article{Kahn2023, title = {Diné (Navajo) Traditional Knowledge Holders’ Perspective of COVID-19}, author = {Carmella B. Kahn and DeeDee James and Shawndeena George and Tressica Johnson and Michelle Kahn-John and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone and Chassity Begay and Marissa Tutt and Mark C. Bauer}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043728}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20043728}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-20}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {4}, pages = {3728}, abstract = {From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo Nation, Diné (Navajo) traditional knowledge holders (TKHs), such as medicine men and women and traditional practitioners, contributed their services and healing practices. Although TKHs are not always fully acknowledged in the western health care system, they have an established role to protect and promote the health of Diné people. To date, their roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research was to understand the social and cultural contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines based on the roles and perspectives of Diné TKHs. A multi-investigator consensus analysis was conducted by six American Indian researchers using interviews with TKHs collected between December 2021–January 2022. The Hózhó Resilience Model was used as a framework to analyze the data using four parent themes: COVID-19, harmony and relationships, spirituality, and respect for self and discipline. These parent themes were further organized into promoters and/or barriers for 12 sub-themes that emerged from the data, such as traditional knowledge, Diné identity, and vaccine. Overall, the analysis showed key factors that could be applied in pandemic planning and public health mitigation efforts based on the cultural perspective of TKHs.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo Nation, Diné (Navajo) traditional knowledge holders (TKHs), such as medicine men and women and traditional practitioners, contributed their services and healing practices. Although TKHs are not always fully acknowledged in the western health care system, they have an established role to protect and promote the health of Diné people. To date, their roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research was to understand the social and cultural contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines based on the roles and perspectives of Diné TKHs. A multi-investigator consensus analysis was conducted by six American Indian researchers using interviews with TKHs collected between December 2021–January 2022. The Hózhó Resilience Model was used as a framework to analyze the data using four parent themes: COVID-19, harmony and relationships, spirituality, and respect for self and discipline. These parent themes were further organized into promoters and/or barriers for 12 sub-themes that emerged from the data, such as traditional knowledge, Diné identity, and vaccine. Overall, the analysis showed key factors that could be applied in pandemic planning and public health mitigation efforts based on the cultural perspective of TKHs. |
Armin, Julie S; Williamson, Heather J; Rothers, Janet; Lee, Michele S; Baldwin, Julie A JMIR Research Protocols, 12 (e37801), 2023. @article{Armin2023, title = {An adapted cancer screening education program for Native American women with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their caregivers: Protocol for feasibility and acceptability testing}, author = {Julie S Armin and Heather J Williamson and Janet Rothers and Michele S Lee and Julie A Baldwin }, url = {https://www.researchprotocols.org/2023/1/e37801}, doi = {10.2196/37801}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-13}, journal = {JMIR Research Protocols}, volume = {12}, number = {e37801}, abstract = {Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) do not undergo breast and cervical cancer screening at the same rate as women without IDD. IDDs are diagnosed in childhood, are lifelong, and involve difficulties in adaptive behaviors and intellectual functioning. Native American women also experience disparities in breast and cervical cancer screenings. Despite known disparities, women with IDD are often not included in health promotion programs, and there is a need for evidence-based programming for those with intersectional identities, such as Native American women with IDD. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of My Health My Choice (MHMC), an adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program. There are 2 parts to the study: adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program and feasibility and acceptability testing of MHMC.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) do not undergo breast and cervical cancer screening at the same rate as women without IDD. IDDs are diagnosed in childhood, are lifelong, and involve difficulties in adaptive behaviors and intellectual functioning. Native American women also experience disparities in breast and cervical cancer screenings. Despite known disparities, women with IDD are often not included in health promotion programs, and there is a need for evidence-based programming for those with intersectional identities, such as Native American women with IDD. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of My Health My Choice (MHMC), an adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program. There are 2 parts to the study: adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program and feasibility and acceptability testing of MHMC. |
Dulce J Jiménez Omar Gomez, Ruby Meraz Amanda Pollitt Linnea Evans Naomi Lee Matt Ignacio Katherine Garcia Richard Redondo Floribella Redondo Heather Williamson Sabrina Oesterle Sairam Parthasarathy Samantha Sabo M J Frontiers in Public Health, 11 , 2023. @article{Jiménez2023, title = {Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Against COVID-19 Disparities: Academic-community partnership to support workforce capacity building among Arizona community health workers}, author = {Dulce J Jiménez, Omar Gomez, Ruby Meraz, Amanda M Pollitt, Linnea Evans, Naomi Lee, Matt Ignacio, Katherine Garcia, Richard Redondo, Floribella Redondo, Heather J Williamson, Sabrina Oesterle, Sairam Parthasarathy, Samantha Sabo}, editor = {Julie A. St. John}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072808/full}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072808}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-02}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {11}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has both highlighted and worsened existing health inequities among communities of color and structurally vulnerable populations. Community Health Workers, inclusive of Community Health Representatives, (CHW/Rs) have entered the spotlight as essential to COVID-19 prevention and control. To learn about community experiences and perspectives related to COVID-19 and inform CHW/R workforce capacity building efforts, a series of focus groups were conducted with CHW/Rs throughout Arizona at two time points in 2021. Throughout the data collection and analysis process, researchers and community partners engaged in ongoing and open dialogue about what CHW/Rs on the ground were reporting as priority community concerns, needs, and challenges. Thus, CHW/Rs informed the development of culturally and linguistically relevant health education messages, materials, and trainings for CHW/Rs. In this community case study, we detail the efforts of partnership between a statewide CHW professional association and an academic research team that facilitated rapid decision-making and knowledge sharing to create community-grounded tools and resources supportive of CHW/R workforce capacity building in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The COVID-19 pandemic has both highlighted and worsened existing health inequities among communities of color and structurally vulnerable populations. Community Health Workers, inclusive of Community Health Representatives, (CHW/Rs) have entered the spotlight as essential to COVID-19 prevention and control. To learn about community experiences and perspectives related to COVID-19 and inform CHW/R workforce capacity building efforts, a series of focus groups were conducted with CHW/Rs throughout Arizona at two time points in 2021. Throughout the data collection and analysis process, researchers and community partners engaged in ongoing and open dialogue about what CHW/Rs on the ground were reporting as priority community concerns, needs, and challenges. Thus, CHW/Rs informed the development of culturally and linguistically relevant health education messages, materials, and trainings for CHW/Rs. In this community case study, we detail the efforts of partnership between a statewide CHW professional association and an academic research team that facilitated rapid decision-making and knowledge sharing to create community-grounded tools and resources supportive of CHW/R workforce capacity building in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Jennifer W Bea Taylor Lane, Brenda Charley Etta Yazzie Janet Yellowhair Jennifer Hudson Brian Kinslow Betsy Wertheim Denise Roe Anna Schwartz C J Restoring Balance: A Physical Activity Intervention for Native American Cancer Survivors and Their Familial Support Persons Journal Article Exercise, Sport, and Movement, 1 (2), pp. e00007, 2023. @article{Bea2023, title = {Restoring Balance: A Physical Activity Intervention for Native American Cancer Survivors and Their Familial Support Persons}, author = {Jennifer W Bea, Taylor Lane, Brenda Charley, Etta Yazzie, Janet Yellowhair, Jennifer Hudson, Brian Kinslow, Betsy C Wertheim, Denise J Roe, Anna Schwartz}, url = {https://journals.lww.com/acsm-esm/toc/2023/02000}, doi = {10.1249/ESM.0000000000000007}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-01}, journal = {Exercise, Sport, and Movement}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {e00007}, abstract = {Introduction/Purpose Exercise interventions among Native American cancer survivors are lacking, despite major cancer health disparities in survivorship. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 12-wk randomized controlled trial (RCT) of culturally tailored exercise on cancer risk biomarkers and quality of life among Native American cancer survivors and family members. Methods Participants were randomized to immediate start versus 6-wk waitlist control at two rural and two urban sites. Participants enrolled in a small feasibility pilot study (only cancer survivors evaluated, n = 18; cohort 1) or larger efficacy pilot study where cancer survivors (n = 38; cohort 2) and familial supporters (n = 25; cohort 3) were evaluated concurrently. Resistance, aerobic, flexibility, and balance exercises were tailored by cultural experts representing 10 tribes. Exercises were supervised on-site 1 d·wk−1 and continued in home-based settings 2–5 d·wk−1. Fat mass, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, 6-min walk, sit-to-stand test, and quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health short form and isolation subscale) were measured. Mixed-effects models evaluated differences between RCT arms from baseline to 6 wk, and 12-wk intervention effects in combined arms. Results There were no consistent differences at 6 wk between randomized groups. Upon combining RCT arms, 6-min walk and sit-to-stand tests improved in all three cohorts by 12 wk (both survivors and familial support persons, P < 0.001); social isolation was reduced in all three cohorts (P ≤ 0.05). Familial support persons additionally improved blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Exercise improved cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function among Native American cancer survivors and familial supporters. A longer intervention may influence other important health outcomes among Native American survivors. Additional improvements demonstrated among Native American family members may have a meaningful impact on cancer prevention in this underserved population with shared heritable and environmental risks.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Introduction/Purpose Exercise interventions among Native American cancer survivors are lacking, despite major cancer health disparities in survivorship. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 12-wk randomized controlled trial (RCT) of culturally tailored exercise on cancer risk biomarkers and quality of life among Native American cancer survivors and family members. Methods Participants were randomized to immediate start versus 6-wk waitlist control at two rural and two urban sites. Participants enrolled in a small feasibility pilot study (only cancer survivors evaluated, n = 18; cohort 1) or larger efficacy pilot study where cancer survivors (n = 38; cohort 2) and familial supporters (n = 25; cohort 3) were evaluated concurrently. Resistance, aerobic, flexibility, and balance exercises were tailored by cultural experts representing 10 tribes. Exercises were supervised on-site 1 d·wk−1 and continued in home-based settings 2–5 d·wk−1. Fat mass, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, 6-min walk, sit-to-stand test, and quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health short form and isolation subscale) were measured. Mixed-effects models evaluated differences between RCT arms from baseline to 6 wk, and 12-wk intervention effects in combined arms. Results There were no consistent differences at 6 wk between randomized groups. Upon combining RCT arms, 6-min walk and sit-to-stand tests improved in all three cohorts by 12 wk (both survivors and familial support persons, P < 0.001); social isolation was reduced in all three cohorts (P ≤ 0.05). Familial support persons additionally improved blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Exercise improved cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function among Native American cancer survivors and familial supporters. A longer intervention may influence other important health outcomes among Native American survivors. Additional improvements demonstrated among Native American family members may have a meaningful impact on cancer prevention in this underserved population with shared heritable and environmental risks. |
Williamson, Heather J; Ivy, Cynthia; Wickham, Robert E; Crist, Patricia Outcomes from a practice scholar apprenticeship program Journal Article Journal of Occupational Therapy Education, 7 (1), 2023. @article{Williamson2023, title = {Outcomes from a practice scholar apprenticeship program}, author = {Heather J. Williamson and Cynthia Ivy and Robert E. Wickham and Patricia Crist}, url = {https://encompass.eku.edu/jote/vol7/iss1/16/}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-31}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Therapy Education}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, abstract = {The introduction of the occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) program to the field of occupational therapy (OT) education was intended to advance the field by developing future leaders, increasing advanced practice, and promoting scholarship in practice. Limited information to date is available regarding outcomes of the OTD program related to the future research potential of graduates. One such approach to promoting the scholarship of practice among OTD graduates is the use of the practice-scholar model. The practice-scholar model is designed to build research skills among OTD students to encourage their ongoing commitment to evidence-based practice through implementing their own research in practice. Founded in 2014, the Northern Arizona University (NAU) entry-level OTD program has implemented the practice-scholar model through their practice-scholar apprenticeship (PSA) program. The NAU PSA program involves a mentorship experience with OTD students engaging in faculty and/or community clinician led research. The purpose of this paper is to share evaluation results of the NAU PSA program related to the research development among the program’s graduates. NAU OTD students completed pre and post surveys regarding their expectations towards research and a post qualitative feedback session. Students reported statistically significant improvements in their research self-efficacy skills. Qualitatively students identified their developed research skills, the importance of research and their desire to continue implementing research in the future. The field of OT should continue to identify structural ways to support research in practice to realize the potential of future OTD practitioners.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The introduction of the occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) program to the field of occupational therapy (OT) education was intended to advance the field by developing future leaders, increasing advanced practice, and promoting scholarship in practice. Limited information to date is available regarding outcomes of the OTD program related to the future research potential of graduates. One such approach to promoting the scholarship of practice among OTD graduates is the use of the practice-scholar model. The practice-scholar model is designed to build research skills among OTD students to encourage their ongoing commitment to evidence-based practice through implementing their own research in practice. Founded in 2014, the Northern Arizona University (NAU) entry-level OTD program has implemented the practice-scholar model through their practice-scholar apprenticeship (PSA) program. The NAU PSA program involves a mentorship experience with OTD students engaging in faculty and/or community clinician led research. The purpose of this paper is to share evaluation results of the NAU PSA program related to the research development among the program’s graduates. NAU OTD students completed pre and post surveys regarding their expectations towards research and a post qualitative feedback session. Students reported statistically significant improvements in their research self-efficacy skills. Qualitatively students identified their developed research skills, the importance of research and their desire to continue implementing research in the future. The field of OT should continue to identify structural ways to support research in practice to realize the potential of future OTD practitioners. |
Lane, Taylor S; Sonderegger, Derek L; Binns, Helen J; Kirk, Shelley; Christison, Amy L; Novick, Marsha; Tucker, Jared; King, Eileen; Wallace, Stephenie; Brazendale, Keith; Kharofa, Roohi Y; Walka, Sherry; Heer, Hendrik ‘Dirk’ De Pediatric Obesity, 2023. @article{Lane2023, title = {Seasonal variability in body mass index change among children enrolled in the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry: A step in the right direction}, author = {Taylor S. Lane and Derek L. Sonderegger and Helen J. Binns and Shelley Kirk and Amy L. Christison and Marsha Novick and Jared Tucker and Eileen King and Stephenie Wallace and Keith Brazendale and Roohi Y. Kharofa and Sherry Walka and Hendrik ‘Dirk’ De Heer}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijpo.13012}, doi = {10.1111/ijpo.13012}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-25}, journal = {Pediatric Obesity}, abstract = {Research has shown children disproportionately gain excess weight over the summer months (vs. school months), with stronger effects for children with obesity. However, the question has not been investigated among children receiving care in pediatric weight management (PWM) programs. To test for seasonal variability in weight change among youth with obesity in PWM care enrolled in the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER). Across 31 clinics nationwide, children reduced their %BMIp95 every season, but reductions were significantly smaller during the summer quarter. While PWM successfully mitigated excess weight gain during every period, summer remains a high-priority time.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Research has shown children disproportionately gain excess weight over the summer months (vs. school months), with stronger effects for children with obesity. However, the question has not been investigated among children receiving care in pediatric weight management (PWM) programs. To test for seasonal variability in weight change among youth with obesity in PWM care enrolled in the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER). Across 31 clinics nationwide, children reduced their %BMIp95 every season, but reductions were significantly smaller during the summer quarter. While PWM successfully mitigated excess weight gain during every period, summer remains a high-priority time. |
Eaves, Emery R; Doerry, Eck; Lanzetta, Shana A; Kruithoff, Kathryn M; Negron, Kayla; Dykman, Kaitlyn; Thoney, Olivia; Harper, Calvin C Applying user-centered design in the development of a supportive mHealth app for women in substance use recovery Journal Article American Journal of Health Promotion, 37 (1), pp. 56-64, 2023. @article{Eaves2023, title = {Applying user-centered design in the development of a supportive mHealth app for women in substance use recovery}, author = {Emery R. Eaves and Eck Doerry and Shana A. Lanzetta and Kathryn M. Kruithoff and Kayla Negron and Kaitlyn Dykman and Olivia Thoney and Calvin C. Harper}, url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08901171221113834}, doi = {10.1177/08901171221113834}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-20}, journal = {American Journal of Health Promotion}, volume = {37}, number = {1}, pages = {56-64}, abstract = {Women in recovery describe stigma, negative treatment, and limited support as barriers to achieving their health and parenting goals. Mobile health technologies carefully tailored to support the unique needs of recovery communities can provide less burdensome alternatives to in-person services for women transitioning out of substance use treatment. An iterative design process integrated women’s interests into the structure, content, and interaction flow of a mobile health (mHealth) app.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Women in recovery describe stigma, negative treatment, and limited support as barriers to achieving their health and parenting goals. Mobile health technologies carefully tailored to support the unique needs of recovery communities can provide less burdensome alternatives to in-person services for women transitioning out of substance use treatment. An iterative design process integrated women’s interests into the structure, content, and interaction flow of a mobile health (mHealth) app. |
Eddie, Regina S; Karntisching, Laura; Eccleston, Bobby; Schwartz, Anna Addressing Health Inequities through Simulation Training and Education in Rural and Tribal Communities Journal Article International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research, 6 , 2023. @article{Eddie2023, title = {Addressing Health Inequities through Simulation Training and Education in Rural and Tribal Communities}, author = {Regina S Eddie and Laura Karntisching and Bobby Eccleston and Anna Schwartz}, url = {https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-9501.101388}, doi = {10.29011/2688-9501.101388}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-16}, journal = {International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research}, volume = {6}, abstract = {The nursing shortage is serious and getting worse in medically underserved areas. Nursing education needs to include faculty education in simulation-based education that focuses on public health and cultural education. New nurse graduates are inadequately prepared and need additional training to provide culturally appropriate care to varied and rural populations. Method: This project used simulation-based education and rural clinical placements to enhance the training and education needs of faculty, students and community partners to better address the health care needs of people living in rural and medically underserved areas of the Navajo Nation and northern Arizona. Results: The project increased knowledge and interest among faculty and community partners on simulation-based education as well as positive student learning experiences. Conclusion: Public health and culture can be integrated into simulation-based education. Partnerships with tribal communities can play a valuable role in nursing education.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The nursing shortage is serious and getting worse in medically underserved areas. Nursing education needs to include faculty education in simulation-based education that focuses on public health and cultural education. New nurse graduates are inadequately prepared and need additional training to provide culturally appropriate care to varied and rural populations. Method: This project used simulation-based education and rural clinical placements to enhance the training and education needs of faculty, students and community partners to better address the health care needs of people living in rural and medically underserved areas of the Navajo Nation and northern Arizona. Results: The project increased knowledge and interest among faculty and community partners on simulation-based education as well as positive student learning experiences. Conclusion: Public health and culture can be integrated into simulation-based education. Partnerships with tribal communities can play a valuable role in nursing education. |
2023 |
Castagno, Angelina E; Ingram, Jani C; Camplain, Ricky International Journal of Science Education, 45 (2), pp. 106-124, 2023. @article{Castagno2023b, title = {Opening up STEMM pathways among Indigenous people in the U.S.: what is the role of cultural, spiritual, and ethical conflicts in Indigenous people's STEMM educational and career decisions?}, author = {Angelina E. Castagno and Jani C. Ingram and Ricky Camplain}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2022.2152293}, doi = {10.1080/09500693.2022.2152293}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-06-07}, journal = {International Journal of Science Education}, volume = {45}, number = {2}, pages = {106-124}, abstract = {This paper explores how the educational and career paths of Indigenous people in STEMM have been impacted by ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues. Based on a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM fields, plus over 30 follow-up interviews, we find that these issues cause some Indigenous people to leave particular fields altogether, others to avoid certain tasks within their chosen field, and still others to intentionally select particular fields. Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper explores how the educational and career paths of Indigenous people in STEMM have been impacted by ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues. Based on a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM fields, plus over 30 follow-up interviews, we find that these issues cause some Indigenous people to leave particular fields altogether, others to avoid certain tasks within their chosen field, and still others to intentionally select particular fields. Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields. |
Curley, Caleigh; Eddie, Regina; Tallis, Kristen; Lane, Taylor S; Yazzie, Del; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Lorts, Cori; Shin, Sonya; Behrens, Timothy K; George, Carmen; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Ashley, Christine; de Heer, Hendrik D The Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act: Community Support of a 2% Tax on Unhealthy Foods Journal Article Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP, 29(5) (00), pp. 622-632, 2023. @article{Curley2023, title = {The Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act: Community Support of a 2% Tax on Unhealthy Foods}, author = {Caleigh Curley and Regina Eddie and Kristen Tallis and Taylor S Lane and Del Yazzie and Priscilla R Sanderson and Cori Lorts and Sonya Shin and Timothy K Behrens and Carmen George and Ramona Antone-Nez and Christine Ashley and Hendrik D de Heer}, url = {https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2023/09000/the_navajo_nation_healthy_din__nation_act_.4.aspx}, doi = {10.1097/PHH.0000000000001753}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-05-23}, journal = {Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP}, volume = {29(5)}, number = {00}, pages = {622-632}, abstract = {Context: The Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014 included a 2% tax on foods of little-to-no-nutritious value (“junk foods”) on the Navajo Nation. The law was the first ever in the United States and any Indigenous nation worldwide with a population at a high risk for common nutrition-related conditions. To date, research on community support for food tax legislation among Indigenous nations is entirely lacking. Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had …}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Context: The Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014 included a 2% tax on foods of little-to-no-nutritious value (“junk foods”) on the Navajo Nation. The law was the first ever in the United States and any Indigenous nation worldwide with a population at a high risk for common nutrition-related conditions. To date, research on community support for food tax legislation among Indigenous nations is entirely lacking. Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had … |
Karmarkar, Amol M; Roy, Indrakshi; Rivera-Hernandez, Maricruz; Shaibi, Stefany; Baldwin, Julie A; Lane, Taylor; Kean, Jacob; Kumar, Amit Alzheimer's & Dementia, 19 (9), pp. 4037-4045, 2023. @article{Karmarkar2023b, title = {Examining the role of race and quality of home health agencies in delayed initiation of home health services for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)}, author = {Amol M. Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez and Stefany Shaibi and Julie A. Baldwin and Taylor Lane and Jacob Kean and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13139}, doi = {10.1002/alz.13139}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-05-19}, journal = {Alzheimer's & Dementia}, volume = {19}, number = {9}, pages = {4037-4045}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). METHODS Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge. RESULTS Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA. DISCUSSION Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } INTRODUCTION We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). METHODS Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge. RESULTS Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA. DISCUSSION Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients. |
Baldwin, Julie; Alvarado, Angelica; Jarratt-Snider, Karen; Hunter, Amanda; Keene, Chesleigh; Castagno, Angelina; Ali-Joseph, Alisse; Roddy, Juliette; Jr, Manley Begay A; Joseph, Darold H; Goldtooth, Carol; Camplain, Carolyn; Smith, Melinda; McCue, Kelly; Begay, Andria B; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Multi-Method Study Journal Article Forthcoming JMIR Publications, Forthcoming. @article{Baldwin2023, title = {Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Multi-Method Study}, author = {Julie Baldwin and Angelica Alvarado and Karen Jarratt-Snider and Amanda Hunter and Chesleigh Keene and Angelina Castagno and Alisse Ali-Joseph and Juliette Roddy and Manley A. Begay Jr and Darold H. Joseph and Carol Goldtooth and Carolyn Camplain and Melinda Smith and Kelly McCue and Andria B. Begay and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/44727/accepted}, doi = {10.2196/44727}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-05-03}, journal = {JMIR Publications}, abstract = {Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A |
Karmarkar, Amol M; Roy, Indrakshi; Lane, Taylor; Shaibi, Stefany; Baldwin, Julie A; Kumar, Amit Home health services for minorities in urban and rural areas with Alzheimer's and related dementia Journal Article Home Health Care Service Quarterly, pp. 1-17, 2023. @article{Karmarkar2023, title = {Home health services for minorities in urban and rural areas with Alzheimer's and related dementia}, author = {Amol M Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Taylor Lane and Stefany Shaibi and Julie A Baldwin and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621424.2023.2206368?journalCode=whhc20}, doi = {10.1080/01621424.2023.2206368}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-04-27}, journal = {Home Health Care Service Quarterly}, pages = {1-17}, abstract = {Timely access and continuum of care in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is critical. This is a retrospective study on Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with ADRD diagnosis discharged to home with home health care following an episode of acute hospitalization. Our sample included 262,525 patients. White patients in rural areas have significantly higher odds of delay (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). Black patients in urban areas (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.19) and Hispanic patients in urban areas also were more likely to have a delay (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11). Black and Hispanic patients residing in urban areas had a higher likelihood of delay in home healthcare initiation following hospitalization compared to Whites residing in urban areas.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Timely access and continuum of care in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is critical. This is a retrospective study on Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with ADRD diagnosis discharged to home with home health care following an episode of acute hospitalization. Our sample included 262,525 patients. White patients in rural areas have significantly higher odds of delay (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). Black patients in urban areas (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.19) and Hispanic patients in urban areas also were more likely to have a delay (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11). Black and Hispanic patients residing in urban areas had a higher likelihood of delay in home healthcare initiation following hospitalization compared to Whites residing in urban areas. |
Oi, Katsuya; Pollitt, Amanda M The roles of non-heterosexuality outside of identity and gender non-conformity in Allostatic Load among young adults Journal Article SSM Population Health, 22 , 2023. @article{Oi2023, title = {The roles of non-heterosexuality outside of identity and gender non-conformity in Allostatic Load among young adults}, author = {Katsuya Oi and Amanda M Pollitt}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323000654?via%3Dihub}, doi = {10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101400}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-04-07}, journal = {SSM Population Health}, volume = {22}, abstract = {Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contrasted levels of Allostatic Load at the baseline and change observed between the age 20s and 30s, among self-identified Lesbians/Gays/Bisexuals and heterosexuals with non-heterosexual attraction/behavior (discordant heterosexuals), against heterosexuals without (concordant heterosexuals). In addition, the study tested if Allostatic Load differs for each of the sexual orientation group differs jointly or independently of gender non-conformity. The study found no Allostatic Load elevation for self-identified non-heterosexual men and women. For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contrasted levels of Allostatic Load at the baseline and change observed between the age 20s and 30s, among self-identified Lesbians/Gays/Bisexuals and heterosexuals with non-heterosexual attraction/behavior (discordant heterosexuals), against heterosexuals without (concordant heterosexuals). In addition, the study tested if Allostatic Load differs for each of the sexual orientation group differs jointly or independently of gender non-conformity. The study found no Allostatic Load elevation for self-identified non-heterosexual men and women. For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity. |
Castagno, Angelina E; Camplain, Ricky; Ingram, Jani C; Blackhorse, Davona “It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM Journal Article Science Education, 107 (4), pp. 837-852, 2023. @article{Castagno2023bb, title = {“It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM}, author = {Angelina E. Castagno and Ricky Camplain and Jani C. Ingram and Davona Blackhorse}, doi = {10.1002/sce.21792}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-22}, journal = {Science Education}, volume = {107}, number = {4}, pages = {837-852}, abstract = {This article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge. |
Bosch, Pamela R; Barr, Dawn; Roy, Indrakshi; Fabricant, Maximillian; Mann, Audrey; Mangone, Elizabeth; Karmarkar, Amol; Kumar, Amit Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke Journal Article ScienceDirect, 5 (1), 2023. @article{Bosch2023, title = {Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke}, author = {Pamela R. Bosch and Dawn Barr and Indrakshi Roy and Maximillian Fabricant and Audrey Mann and Elizabeth Mangone and Amol Karmarkar and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, doi = {10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-15}, journal = {ScienceDirect}, volume = {5}, number = {1}, abstract = {To examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. 1397 adult patients (mean ± SD age: 69.4 [13.5]; 724 men) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (N=1397). 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively). Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } To examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. 1397 adult patients (mean ± SD age: 69.4 [13.5]; 724 men) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (N=1397). 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively). Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge. |
Samantha Sabo Louisa O'Meara, Janet Yellowhair Joyce Hamilton JT Nashio Brook Bender Fernando Flores Jr Marianne Bennett Rema Metts Isabella Denton Kim Russell Frontiers in Public Health, 11 , 2023. @article{Sabo2023b, title = {Community Health Representative Workforce: Integration across systems and teams to address the social determinants of indigenous health and wellbeing}, author = {Samantha Sabo, Louisa O'Meara, Janet Yellowhair, Joyce Hamilton, JT Nashio, Brook Bender, Fernando Flores Jr, Marianne Bennett, Rema Metts, Isabella Denton, Kim Russell}, editor = {Lily K. Lee}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1047152}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1047152}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-15}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {11}, abstract = {Tribally employed, Community Health Representatives (CHRs) serving Indigenous and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) peoples are culturally and linguistically embedded community leaders, with the unique ability to serve as the link and intermediary between community members and systems. Unique to the CHR workforce scope of practice is the expectation for high level integration within the medical and social service care team. This explicit role outlined in the scope of work sets an expectation for both CHR and care teams to deliver integrated patient, family, and systems level care coordination and case management. This paper aims to build from our previous manuscript published in Volume 1 of the special issue Community Health Workers Practice from Recruitment to Integration. In that Volume, we explored through a Community Case Study CHR Managers’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for full CHR integration into health systems and teams serving AIAN. In this paper, we offer new information about the current CHR and CHR Managers’ involvements and perceived level of integration within health care teams and the broader public health systems addressing the social and structural determinants of health. We approach this topic considering the COVID-19 pandemic and how CHRs and CHR Programs were included and not included in tribal pandemic response efforts.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Tribally employed, Community Health Representatives (CHRs) serving Indigenous and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) peoples are culturally and linguistically embedded community leaders, with the unique ability to serve as the link and intermediary between community members and systems. Unique to the CHR workforce scope of practice is the expectation for high level integration within the medical and social service care team. This explicit role outlined in the scope of work sets an expectation for both CHR and care teams to deliver integrated patient, family, and systems level care coordination and case management. This paper aims to build from our previous manuscript published in Volume 1 of the special issue Community Health Workers Practice from Recruitment to Integration. In that Volume, we explored through a Community Case Study CHR Managers’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for full CHR integration into health systems and teams serving AIAN. In this paper, we offer new information about the current CHR and CHR Managers’ involvements and perceived level of integration within health care teams and the broader public health systems addressing the social and structural determinants of health. We approach this topic considering the COVID-19 pandemic and how CHRs and CHR Programs were included and not included in tribal pandemic response efforts. |
Evans, Linnea A; Gomez, Omar; Jiménez, Dulce J; Williamson, Heather J; Carver, Ann Turnlund; Parthasarathy, Sairam; Sabo, Samantha Engaging Youth and Young Adults in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response via the “It’s Our Turn” Crowdsourcing Contest Journal Article Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20 (6), pp. 5112, 2023. @article{Evans2023, title = {Engaging Youth and Young Adults in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response via the “It’s Our Turn” Crowdsourcing Contest}, author = {Linnea A. Evans and Omar Gomez and Dulce J. Jiménez and Heather J. Williamson and Ann Turnlund Carver and Sairam Parthasarathy and Samantha Sabo}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065112}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20065112}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-14}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {6}, pages = {5112}, abstract = {As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continued to progress into 2021, appeals were made to take a stronger focus on the perceptions and practices of youth and young adults (YYAs) regarding COVID-19 mitigation, as well as the impact of mitigation strategies on the overall wellbeing of YYAs. In this paper, we describe our efforts to increase YYA engagement in Arizona’s COVID-19 response by pairing embedded values from youth participatory action research (YPAR) with a crowdsourcing challenge contest design. The research protocol and implementation are described, followed by a thematic analysis of YYA-led messaging portrayed in 23 contest submissions and reflections formed by 223 community voters after viewing contest submissions. The authors conclude that a YYA-led crowdsourcing contest presented an opportunity to (a.) investigate the perceptions and behaviors of YYAs and their networks regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation efforts and (b.) amplify the voices of YYAs in the pandemic response. Perhaps even more importantly, this approach also offered insight into the exacerbated impact of the pandemic on YYA mental health and wellbeing, and the utility of YPAR in raising awareness of these effects among the contexts and social networks of YYAs.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continued to progress into 2021, appeals were made to take a stronger focus on the perceptions and practices of youth and young adults (YYAs) regarding COVID-19 mitigation, as well as the impact of mitigation strategies on the overall wellbeing of YYAs. In this paper, we describe our efforts to increase YYA engagement in Arizona’s COVID-19 response by pairing embedded values from youth participatory action research (YPAR) with a crowdsourcing challenge contest design. The research protocol and implementation are described, followed by a thematic analysis of YYA-led messaging portrayed in 23 contest submissions and reflections formed by 223 community voters after viewing contest submissions. The authors conclude that a YYA-led crowdsourcing contest presented an opportunity to (a.) investigate the perceptions and behaviors of YYAs and their networks regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation efforts and (b.) amplify the voices of YYAs in the pandemic response. Perhaps even more importantly, this approach also offered insight into the exacerbated impact of the pandemic on YYA mental health and wellbeing, and the utility of YPAR in raising awareness of these effects among the contexts and social networks of YYAs. |
Pollitt, Amanda M; Fish, Jessica N; Watson, Ryan J Measurement equivalence of family acceptance/rejection among sexual and gender minority youth by disclosure status Journal Article Journal of Family Psychology, 37 (2), pp. 195-202, 2023. @article{Pollitt2023, title = {Measurement equivalence of family acceptance/rejection among sexual and gender minority youth by disclosure status}, author = {Amanda M Pollitt and Jessica N Fish and Ryan J Watson}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36634006/}, doi = {10.1037/fam0001056}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-01}, journal = {Journal of Family Psychology}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {195-202}, abstract = {Family acceptance is a crucial component of healthy development during adolescence, especially for sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) who often fear rejection from family members. Studies focused on SGMY family environments often utilize broad measures that fail to capture SGMY-specific aspects of family acceptance and rejection. Less research has considered how the measurement of family acceptance and rejection might differ depending on whether SGMY have disclosed their sexual and/or gender identities to their parents. We used data from a national nonprobability sample of 9,127 SGMY in the United States who had either disclosed (n = 6,683) or not disclosed (n = 2,444) their sexual and/or gender identities to parents to test the factor structure of an eight-item measure of family acceptance and rejection and differences by disclosure status. A two-factor, negatively correlated model reflecting constructs of family acceptance and family rejection was equivalent across disclosure groups. Youth who had disclosed their identity reported greater acceptance and less rejection and showed a stronger negative association between the two constructs than nondisclosed youth. Family acceptance, but not rejection, had higher variability among disclosed youth than nondisclosed youth. Results suggest that the family environments of SGMY are simultaneously characterized by accepting and rejecting behaviors. Though families of disclosed youth appear to be more accepting and less rejecting, the experiences of these youth are complex. Findings suggest that research on SGMY family environment must consider both supportive and undermining behaviors and that the measures assessed here operate similarly for youth based on disclosure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Family acceptance is a crucial component of healthy development during adolescence, especially for sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) who often fear rejection from family members. Studies focused on SGMY family environments often utilize broad measures that fail to capture SGMY-specific aspects of family acceptance and rejection. Less research has considered how the measurement of family acceptance and rejection might differ depending on whether SGMY have disclosed their sexual and/or gender identities to their parents. We used data from a national nonprobability sample of 9,127 SGMY in the United States who had either disclosed (n = 6,683) or not disclosed (n = 2,444) their sexual and/or gender identities to parents to test the factor structure of an eight-item measure of family acceptance and rejection and differences by disclosure status. A two-factor, negatively correlated model reflecting constructs of family acceptance and family rejection was equivalent across disclosure groups. Youth who had disclosed their identity reported greater acceptance and less rejection and showed a stronger negative association between the two constructs than nondisclosed youth. Family acceptance, but not rejection, had higher variability among disclosed youth than nondisclosed youth. Results suggest that the family environments of SGMY are simultaneously characterized by accepting and rejecting behaviors. Though families of disclosed youth appear to be more accepting and less rejecting, the experiences of these youth are complex. Findings suggest that research on SGMY family environment must consider both supportive and undermining behaviors and that the measures assessed here operate similarly for youth based on disclosure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved). |
Sabo, Samantha; Lee, Naomi; Sears, Grant; Jiménez, Dulce J; Tutt, Marissa; Santos, Jeffersson; Gomez, Omar; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette; Bennet, Marianne; Nashio, Neva T; Flores, Fernando; Baldwin, Julie Community Health Representatives as Trusted Sources for Increasing Representation of American Indian Communities in Clinical Research Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (5), 2023. @article{Sabo2023, title = {Community Health Representatives as Trusted Sources for Increasing Representation of American Indian Communities in Clinical Research}, author = {Samantha Sabo and Naomi Lee and Grant Sears and Dulce J. Jiménez and Marissa Tutt and Jeffersson Santos and Omar Gomez and Nicolette Teufel-Shone and Marianne Bennet and T. Neva Nashio and Fernando Flores and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054391}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20054391}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-03-01}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {5}, abstract = {Indigenous and American Indian Alaskan Native (AI/AN) community members are systematically underrepresented in clinical trial research. This paper focuses on exploratory steps to partner with Native Nations of Arizona to engage Community Health Representatives (CHR) as a trusted source for building COVID-19 clinical trial research, including vaccine trials awareness. CHRs are frontline public health workers who apply a unique understanding of the experience, language, and culture of the population served. This workforce has entered the spotlight as essential to the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: Three Tribal CHR programs were engaged to develop and refine culturally centered educational materials and a pre-post survey using a consensus-based decision-making approach. CHRs used these materials in brief education sessions during regular client home visits and community events. At 30 days post CHR intervention, participants (N = 165) demonstrated significantly increased awareness about and ability to enroll in COVID-19 treatment and vaccine trials. Participants also described a significant increase in trust in researchers, decreased perceived barriers related to cost for participation in a clinical trial, and improved belief that participation in a COVID-19 clinical trial for treatment was considered a benefit to American Indian and Alaskan Native people. CHRs as trusted sources of information, coupled with culturally centered education materials designed by CHRs for CHR clients, demonstrated a promising approach to improved awareness of clinical trial research generally and COVID-19 trials specifically among Indigenous and American Indian community members of Arizona.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Indigenous and American Indian Alaskan Native (AI/AN) community members are systematically underrepresented in clinical trial research. This paper focuses on exploratory steps to partner with Native Nations of Arizona to engage Community Health Representatives (CHR) as a trusted source for building COVID-19 clinical trial research, including vaccine trials awareness. CHRs are frontline public health workers who apply a unique understanding of the experience, language, and culture of the population served. This workforce has entered the spotlight as essential to the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: Three Tribal CHR programs were engaged to develop and refine culturally centered educational materials and a pre-post survey using a consensus-based decision-making approach. CHRs used these materials in brief education sessions during regular client home visits and community events. At 30 days post CHR intervention, participants (N = 165) demonstrated significantly increased awareness about and ability to enroll in COVID-19 treatment and vaccine trials. Participants also described a significant increase in trust in researchers, decreased perceived barriers related to cost for participation in a clinical trial, and improved belief that participation in a COVID-19 clinical trial for treatment was considered a benefit to American Indian and Alaskan Native people. CHRs as trusted sources of information, coupled with culturally centered education materials designed by CHRs for CHR clients, demonstrated a promising approach to improved awareness of clinical trial research generally and COVID-19 trials specifically among Indigenous and American Indian community members of Arizona. |
Kahn, Carmella B; James, DeeDee; George, Shawndeena; Johnson, Tressica; Kahn-John, Michelle; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Begay, Chassity; Tutt, Marissa; Bauer, Mark C Diné (Navajo) Traditional Knowledge Holders’ Perspective of COVID-19 Journal Article Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20 (4), pp. 3728, 2023. @article{Kahn2023, title = {Diné (Navajo) Traditional Knowledge Holders’ Perspective of COVID-19}, author = {Carmella B. Kahn and DeeDee James and Shawndeena George and Tressica Johnson and Michelle Kahn-John and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone and Chassity Begay and Marissa Tutt and Mark C. Bauer}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043728}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20043728}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-20}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {4}, pages = {3728}, abstract = {From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo Nation, Diné (Navajo) traditional knowledge holders (TKHs), such as medicine men and women and traditional practitioners, contributed their services and healing practices. Although TKHs are not always fully acknowledged in the western health care system, they have an established role to protect and promote the health of Diné people. To date, their roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research was to understand the social and cultural contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines based on the roles and perspectives of Diné TKHs. A multi-investigator consensus analysis was conducted by six American Indian researchers using interviews with TKHs collected between December 2021–January 2022. The Hózhó Resilience Model was used as a framework to analyze the data using four parent themes: COVID-19, harmony and relationships, spirituality, and respect for self and discipline. These parent themes were further organized into promoters and/or barriers for 12 sub-themes that emerged from the data, such as traditional knowledge, Diné identity, and vaccine. Overall, the analysis showed key factors that could be applied in pandemic planning and public health mitigation efforts based on the cultural perspective of TKHs.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo Nation, Diné (Navajo) traditional knowledge holders (TKHs), such as medicine men and women and traditional practitioners, contributed their services and healing practices. Although TKHs are not always fully acknowledged in the western health care system, they have an established role to protect and promote the health of Diné people. To date, their roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully explored. The purpose of this research was to understand the social and cultural contexts of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines based on the roles and perspectives of Diné TKHs. A multi-investigator consensus analysis was conducted by six American Indian researchers using interviews with TKHs collected between December 2021–January 2022. The Hózhó Resilience Model was used as a framework to analyze the data using four parent themes: COVID-19, harmony and relationships, spirituality, and respect for self and discipline. These parent themes were further organized into promoters and/or barriers for 12 sub-themes that emerged from the data, such as traditional knowledge, Diné identity, and vaccine. Overall, the analysis showed key factors that could be applied in pandemic planning and public health mitigation efforts based on the cultural perspective of TKHs. |
Armin, Julie S; Williamson, Heather J; Rothers, Janet; Lee, Michele S; Baldwin, Julie A JMIR Research Protocols, 12 (e37801), 2023. @article{Armin2023, title = {An adapted cancer screening education program for Native American women with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their caregivers: Protocol for feasibility and acceptability testing}, author = {Julie S Armin and Heather J Williamson and Janet Rothers and Michele S Lee and Julie A Baldwin }, url = {https://www.researchprotocols.org/2023/1/e37801}, doi = {10.2196/37801}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-13}, journal = {JMIR Research Protocols}, volume = {12}, number = {e37801}, abstract = {Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) do not undergo breast and cervical cancer screening at the same rate as women without IDD. IDDs are diagnosed in childhood, are lifelong, and involve difficulties in adaptive behaviors and intellectual functioning. Native American women also experience disparities in breast and cervical cancer screenings. Despite known disparities, women with IDD are often not included in health promotion programs, and there is a need for evidence-based programming for those with intersectional identities, such as Native American women with IDD. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of My Health My Choice (MHMC), an adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program. There are 2 parts to the study: adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program and feasibility and acceptability testing of MHMC.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) do not undergo breast and cervical cancer screening at the same rate as women without IDD. IDDs are diagnosed in childhood, are lifelong, and involve difficulties in adaptive behaviors and intellectual functioning. Native American women also experience disparities in breast and cervical cancer screenings. Despite known disparities, women with IDD are often not included in health promotion programs, and there is a need for evidence-based programming for those with intersectional identities, such as Native American women with IDD. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of My Health My Choice (MHMC), an adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program. There are 2 parts to the study: adaptation of the Women Be Healthy 2 program and feasibility and acceptability testing of MHMC. |
Dulce J Jiménez Omar Gomez, Ruby Meraz Amanda Pollitt Linnea Evans Naomi Lee Matt Ignacio Katherine Garcia Richard Redondo Floribella Redondo Heather Williamson Sabrina Oesterle Sairam Parthasarathy Samantha Sabo M J Frontiers in Public Health, 11 , 2023. @article{Jiménez2023, title = {Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Against COVID-19 Disparities: Academic-community partnership to support workforce capacity building among Arizona community health workers}, author = {Dulce J Jiménez, Omar Gomez, Ruby Meraz, Amanda M Pollitt, Linnea Evans, Naomi Lee, Matt Ignacio, Katherine Garcia, Richard Redondo, Floribella Redondo, Heather J Williamson, Sabrina Oesterle, Sairam Parthasarathy, Samantha Sabo}, editor = {Julie A. St. John}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072808/full}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072808}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-02}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {11}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has both highlighted and worsened existing health inequities among communities of color and structurally vulnerable populations. Community Health Workers, inclusive of Community Health Representatives, (CHW/Rs) have entered the spotlight as essential to COVID-19 prevention and control. To learn about community experiences and perspectives related to COVID-19 and inform CHW/R workforce capacity building efforts, a series of focus groups were conducted with CHW/Rs throughout Arizona at two time points in 2021. Throughout the data collection and analysis process, researchers and community partners engaged in ongoing and open dialogue about what CHW/Rs on the ground were reporting as priority community concerns, needs, and challenges. Thus, CHW/Rs informed the development of culturally and linguistically relevant health education messages, materials, and trainings for CHW/Rs. In this community case study, we detail the efforts of partnership between a statewide CHW professional association and an academic research team that facilitated rapid decision-making and knowledge sharing to create community-grounded tools and resources supportive of CHW/R workforce capacity building in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The COVID-19 pandemic has both highlighted and worsened existing health inequities among communities of color and structurally vulnerable populations. Community Health Workers, inclusive of Community Health Representatives, (CHW/Rs) have entered the spotlight as essential to COVID-19 prevention and control. To learn about community experiences and perspectives related to COVID-19 and inform CHW/R workforce capacity building efforts, a series of focus groups were conducted with CHW/Rs throughout Arizona at two time points in 2021. Throughout the data collection and analysis process, researchers and community partners engaged in ongoing and open dialogue about what CHW/Rs on the ground were reporting as priority community concerns, needs, and challenges. Thus, CHW/Rs informed the development of culturally and linguistically relevant health education messages, materials, and trainings for CHW/Rs. In this community case study, we detail the efforts of partnership between a statewide CHW professional association and an academic research team that facilitated rapid decision-making and knowledge sharing to create community-grounded tools and resources supportive of CHW/R workforce capacity building in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Jennifer W Bea Taylor Lane, Brenda Charley Etta Yazzie Janet Yellowhair Jennifer Hudson Brian Kinslow Betsy Wertheim Denise Roe Anna Schwartz C J Restoring Balance: A Physical Activity Intervention for Native American Cancer Survivors and Their Familial Support Persons Journal Article Exercise, Sport, and Movement, 1 (2), pp. e00007, 2023. @article{Bea2023, title = {Restoring Balance: A Physical Activity Intervention for Native American Cancer Survivors and Their Familial Support Persons}, author = {Jennifer W Bea, Taylor Lane, Brenda Charley, Etta Yazzie, Janet Yellowhair, Jennifer Hudson, Brian Kinslow, Betsy C Wertheim, Denise J Roe, Anna Schwartz}, url = {https://journals.lww.com/acsm-esm/toc/2023/02000}, doi = {10.1249/ESM.0000000000000007}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-02-01}, journal = {Exercise, Sport, and Movement}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {e00007}, abstract = {Introduction/Purpose Exercise interventions among Native American cancer survivors are lacking, despite major cancer health disparities in survivorship. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 12-wk randomized controlled trial (RCT) of culturally tailored exercise on cancer risk biomarkers and quality of life among Native American cancer survivors and family members. Methods Participants were randomized to immediate start versus 6-wk waitlist control at two rural and two urban sites. Participants enrolled in a small feasibility pilot study (only cancer survivors evaluated, n = 18; cohort 1) or larger efficacy pilot study where cancer survivors (n = 38; cohort 2) and familial supporters (n = 25; cohort 3) were evaluated concurrently. Resistance, aerobic, flexibility, and balance exercises were tailored by cultural experts representing 10 tribes. Exercises were supervised on-site 1 d·wk−1 and continued in home-based settings 2–5 d·wk−1. Fat mass, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, 6-min walk, sit-to-stand test, and quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health short form and isolation subscale) were measured. Mixed-effects models evaluated differences between RCT arms from baseline to 6 wk, and 12-wk intervention effects in combined arms. Results There were no consistent differences at 6 wk between randomized groups. Upon combining RCT arms, 6-min walk and sit-to-stand tests improved in all three cohorts by 12 wk (both survivors and familial support persons, P < 0.001); social isolation was reduced in all three cohorts (P ≤ 0.05). Familial support persons additionally improved blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Exercise improved cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function among Native American cancer survivors and familial supporters. A longer intervention may influence other important health outcomes among Native American survivors. Additional improvements demonstrated among Native American family members may have a meaningful impact on cancer prevention in this underserved population with shared heritable and environmental risks.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Introduction/Purpose Exercise interventions among Native American cancer survivors are lacking, despite major cancer health disparities in survivorship. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 12-wk randomized controlled trial (RCT) of culturally tailored exercise on cancer risk biomarkers and quality of life among Native American cancer survivors and family members. Methods Participants were randomized to immediate start versus 6-wk waitlist control at two rural and two urban sites. Participants enrolled in a small feasibility pilot study (only cancer survivors evaluated, n = 18; cohort 1) or larger efficacy pilot study where cancer survivors (n = 38; cohort 2) and familial supporters (n = 25; cohort 3) were evaluated concurrently. Resistance, aerobic, flexibility, and balance exercises were tailored by cultural experts representing 10 tribes. Exercises were supervised on-site 1 d·wk−1 and continued in home-based settings 2–5 d·wk−1. Fat mass, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, 6-min walk, sit-to-stand test, and quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health short form and isolation subscale) were measured. Mixed-effects models evaluated differences between RCT arms from baseline to 6 wk, and 12-wk intervention effects in combined arms. Results There were no consistent differences at 6 wk between randomized groups. Upon combining RCT arms, 6-min walk and sit-to-stand tests improved in all three cohorts by 12 wk (both survivors and familial support persons, P < 0.001); social isolation was reduced in all three cohorts (P ≤ 0.05). Familial support persons additionally improved blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Exercise improved cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function among Native American cancer survivors and familial supporters. A longer intervention may influence other important health outcomes among Native American survivors. Additional improvements demonstrated among Native American family members may have a meaningful impact on cancer prevention in this underserved population with shared heritable and environmental risks. |
Williamson, Heather J; Ivy, Cynthia; Wickham, Robert E; Crist, Patricia Outcomes from a practice scholar apprenticeship program Journal Article Journal of Occupational Therapy Education, 7 (1), 2023. @article{Williamson2023, title = {Outcomes from a practice scholar apprenticeship program}, author = {Heather J. Williamson and Cynthia Ivy and Robert E. Wickham and Patricia Crist}, url = {https://encompass.eku.edu/jote/vol7/iss1/16/}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-31}, journal = {Journal of Occupational Therapy Education}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, abstract = {The introduction of the occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) program to the field of occupational therapy (OT) education was intended to advance the field by developing future leaders, increasing advanced practice, and promoting scholarship in practice. Limited information to date is available regarding outcomes of the OTD program related to the future research potential of graduates. One such approach to promoting the scholarship of practice among OTD graduates is the use of the practice-scholar model. The practice-scholar model is designed to build research skills among OTD students to encourage their ongoing commitment to evidence-based practice through implementing their own research in practice. Founded in 2014, the Northern Arizona University (NAU) entry-level OTD program has implemented the practice-scholar model through their practice-scholar apprenticeship (PSA) program. The NAU PSA program involves a mentorship experience with OTD students engaging in faculty and/or community clinician led research. The purpose of this paper is to share evaluation results of the NAU PSA program related to the research development among the program’s graduates. NAU OTD students completed pre and post surveys regarding their expectations towards research and a post qualitative feedback session. Students reported statistically significant improvements in their research self-efficacy skills. Qualitatively students identified their developed research skills, the importance of research and their desire to continue implementing research in the future. The field of OT should continue to identify structural ways to support research in practice to realize the potential of future OTD practitioners.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The introduction of the occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) program to the field of occupational therapy (OT) education was intended to advance the field by developing future leaders, increasing advanced practice, and promoting scholarship in practice. Limited information to date is available regarding outcomes of the OTD program related to the future research potential of graduates. One such approach to promoting the scholarship of practice among OTD graduates is the use of the practice-scholar model. The practice-scholar model is designed to build research skills among OTD students to encourage their ongoing commitment to evidence-based practice through implementing their own research in practice. Founded in 2014, the Northern Arizona University (NAU) entry-level OTD program has implemented the practice-scholar model through their practice-scholar apprenticeship (PSA) program. The NAU PSA program involves a mentorship experience with OTD students engaging in faculty and/or community clinician led research. The purpose of this paper is to share evaluation results of the NAU PSA program related to the research development among the program’s graduates. NAU OTD students completed pre and post surveys regarding their expectations towards research and a post qualitative feedback session. Students reported statistically significant improvements in their research self-efficacy skills. Qualitatively students identified their developed research skills, the importance of research and their desire to continue implementing research in the future. The field of OT should continue to identify structural ways to support research in practice to realize the potential of future OTD practitioners. |
Lane, Taylor S; Sonderegger, Derek L; Binns, Helen J; Kirk, Shelley; Christison, Amy L; Novick, Marsha; Tucker, Jared; King, Eileen; Wallace, Stephenie; Brazendale, Keith; Kharofa, Roohi Y; Walka, Sherry; Heer, Hendrik ‘Dirk’ De Pediatric Obesity, 2023. @article{Lane2023, title = {Seasonal variability in body mass index change among children enrolled in the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry: A step in the right direction}, author = {Taylor S. Lane and Derek L. Sonderegger and Helen J. Binns and Shelley Kirk and Amy L. Christison and Marsha Novick and Jared Tucker and Eileen King and Stephenie Wallace and Keith Brazendale and Roohi Y. Kharofa and Sherry Walka and Hendrik ‘Dirk’ De Heer}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijpo.13012}, doi = {10.1111/ijpo.13012}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-25}, journal = {Pediatric Obesity}, abstract = {Research has shown children disproportionately gain excess weight over the summer months (vs. school months), with stronger effects for children with obesity. However, the question has not been investigated among children receiving care in pediatric weight management (PWM) programs. To test for seasonal variability in weight change among youth with obesity in PWM care enrolled in the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER). Across 31 clinics nationwide, children reduced their %BMIp95 every season, but reductions were significantly smaller during the summer quarter. While PWM successfully mitigated excess weight gain during every period, summer remains a high-priority time.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Research has shown children disproportionately gain excess weight over the summer months (vs. school months), with stronger effects for children with obesity. However, the question has not been investigated among children receiving care in pediatric weight management (PWM) programs. To test for seasonal variability in weight change among youth with obesity in PWM care enrolled in the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER). Across 31 clinics nationwide, children reduced their %BMIp95 every season, but reductions were significantly smaller during the summer quarter. While PWM successfully mitigated excess weight gain during every period, summer remains a high-priority time. |
Eaves, Emery R; Doerry, Eck; Lanzetta, Shana A; Kruithoff, Kathryn M; Negron, Kayla; Dykman, Kaitlyn; Thoney, Olivia; Harper, Calvin C Applying user-centered design in the development of a supportive mHealth app for women in substance use recovery Journal Article American Journal of Health Promotion, 37 (1), pp. 56-64, 2023. @article{Eaves2023, title = {Applying user-centered design in the development of a supportive mHealth app for women in substance use recovery}, author = {Emery R. Eaves and Eck Doerry and Shana A. Lanzetta and Kathryn M. Kruithoff and Kayla Negron and Kaitlyn Dykman and Olivia Thoney and Calvin C. Harper}, url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08901171221113834}, doi = {10.1177/08901171221113834}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-20}, journal = {American Journal of Health Promotion}, volume = {37}, number = {1}, pages = {56-64}, abstract = {Women in recovery describe stigma, negative treatment, and limited support as barriers to achieving their health and parenting goals. Mobile health technologies carefully tailored to support the unique needs of recovery communities can provide less burdensome alternatives to in-person services for women transitioning out of substance use treatment. An iterative design process integrated women’s interests into the structure, content, and interaction flow of a mobile health (mHealth) app.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Women in recovery describe stigma, negative treatment, and limited support as barriers to achieving their health and parenting goals. Mobile health technologies carefully tailored to support the unique needs of recovery communities can provide less burdensome alternatives to in-person services for women transitioning out of substance use treatment. An iterative design process integrated women’s interests into the structure, content, and interaction flow of a mobile health (mHealth) app. |
Eddie, Regina S; Karntisching, Laura; Eccleston, Bobby; Schwartz, Anna Addressing Health Inequities through Simulation Training and Education in Rural and Tribal Communities Journal Article International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research, 6 , 2023. @article{Eddie2023, title = {Addressing Health Inequities through Simulation Training and Education in Rural and Tribal Communities}, author = {Regina S Eddie and Laura Karntisching and Bobby Eccleston and Anna Schwartz}, url = {https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-9501.101388}, doi = {10.29011/2688-9501.101388}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-16}, journal = {International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research}, volume = {6}, abstract = {The nursing shortage is serious and getting worse in medically underserved areas. Nursing education needs to include faculty education in simulation-based education that focuses on public health and cultural education. New nurse graduates are inadequately prepared and need additional training to provide culturally appropriate care to varied and rural populations. Method: This project used simulation-based education and rural clinical placements to enhance the training and education needs of faculty, students and community partners to better address the health care needs of people living in rural and medically underserved areas of the Navajo Nation and northern Arizona. Results: The project increased knowledge and interest among faculty and community partners on simulation-based education as well as positive student learning experiences. Conclusion: Public health and culture can be integrated into simulation-based education. Partnerships with tribal communities can play a valuable role in nursing education.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The nursing shortage is serious and getting worse in medically underserved areas. Nursing education needs to include faculty education in simulation-based education that focuses on public health and cultural education. New nurse graduates are inadequately prepared and need additional training to provide culturally appropriate care to varied and rural populations. Method: This project used simulation-based education and rural clinical placements to enhance the training and education needs of faculty, students and community partners to better address the health care needs of people living in rural and medically underserved areas of the Navajo Nation and northern Arizona. Results: The project increased knowledge and interest among faculty and community partners on simulation-based education as well as positive student learning experiences. Conclusion: Public health and culture can be integrated into simulation-based education. Partnerships with tribal communities can play a valuable role in nursing education. |
Clausen, Rebecca J; Chief, Carmenlita; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Begay, Manley A; Jr., Perry Charley H; Beamer, Paloma I; Anako, Nnenna; Chief, Karletta Diné-centered research reframes the Gold King Mine Spill: Understanding social and spiritual impacts across space and time Journal Article ScienceDirect, 97 , pp. 449-457, 2023. @article{Clausen2023, title = {Diné-centered research reframes the Gold King Mine Spill: Understanding social and spiritual impacts across space and time}, author = {Rebecca J. Clausen and Carmenlita Chief and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone and Manley A. Begay and Perry H. Charley Jr. and Paloma I. Beamer and Nnenna Anako and Karletta Chief}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016722003217}, doi = {10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.12.021}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-01}, journal = {ScienceDirect}, volume = {97}, pages = {449-457}, abstract = {This paper explores how Indigenous-led research reframes the impacts and response to environmental disasters in the context of acid mine spills in rural communities of the Southwest United States. The collaborative research project addressing the Gold King Mine Spill (GKMS) designed qualitative methodologies that center Indigenous worldviews and contribute to broader understandings of environmental justice. The research team, led by Diné scholars and community leaders, gathered qualitative responses from 123 adult participants in twelve focus groups from three rural communities on the Navajo Nation. The project incorporated fluent Diné speakers and cultural consultants to lead focus groups in a manner consistent with cultural worldviews. The analysis of the focus group data resulted in original findings that reframe previous understandings of environmental harm by broadening the boundaries to include: 1) social relations across time; 2) social relations across space; 3) spiritual relations; and 4) restoring balance. The findings allow for greater insight into the colonial context of disaster on rural and Indigenous lands and confronts colonial-rooted disasters through Indigenous-informed political action.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper explores how Indigenous-led research reframes the impacts and response to environmental disasters in the context of acid mine spills in rural communities of the Southwest United States. The collaborative research project addressing the Gold King Mine Spill (GKMS) designed qualitative methodologies that center Indigenous worldviews and contribute to broader understandings of environmental justice. The research team, led by Diné scholars and community leaders, gathered qualitative responses from 123 adult participants in twelve focus groups from three rural communities on the Navajo Nation. The project incorporated fluent Diné speakers and cultural consultants to lead focus groups in a manner consistent with cultural worldviews. The analysis of the focus group data resulted in original findings that reframe previous understandings of environmental harm by broadening the boundaries to include: 1) social relations across time; 2) social relations across space; 3) spiritual relations; and 4) restoring balance. The findings allow for greater insight into the colonial context of disaster on rural and Indigenous lands and confronts colonial-rooted disasters through Indigenous-informed political action. |
Willeto, Angela A A; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Barger, Steven D; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I "If you're down, you know, get up, be proud of yourself, go forward": Exploring Urban Southwest American Indian Individual Resilience Journal Article American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, 30 (1), pp. 53-81, 2023. @article{Willeto2023, title = {"If you're down, you know, get up, be proud of yourself, go forward": Exploring Urban Southwest American Indian Individual Resilience}, author = {Angela A. A. Willeto and Priscilla R. Sanderson and Steven D Barger and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://europepmc.org/article/med/37027500}, doi = {10.5820/aian.3001.2023.53}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-01}, journal = {American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, pages = {53-81}, abstract = {The diverse American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population suffers health inequities perpetuated by colonialism and post-colonialism. The urban AI/AN population is steadily increasing in part because of federal policies relocating AI/AN away from tribal lands. However, studies of AI/AN urban communities are rare, and efforts to understand and ameliorate health inequities in AI/AN communities typically emphasize deficits rather than capacities. Resilience is an important resource in this context but mainstream, rather than community-derived definitions of resilience, predominate. The present study used multi-investigator consensus analysis in a qualitative study to identify urban American Indian (AI) derived concepts and construct a definition of resilience. The study included 25 AI adults in four focus groups in three urban locales in the southwestern United States. Four resilience themes emerged: 1) AIs built strength through toughness and wisdom; 2) the value of traditional 'lifeways' (i.e., elements of traditional culture that help people navigate their journey through life); 3) the importance of giving and receiving help; and 4) the interconnectedness of Native lifeways, family relationships, and tribal and urban communities. Themes overlap with extant resilience conceptualizations but also provide unique insights into structure and function of urban AI resilience in the Southwest United States.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The diverse American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population suffers health inequities perpetuated by colonialism and post-colonialism. The urban AI/AN population is steadily increasing in part because of federal policies relocating AI/AN away from tribal lands. However, studies of AI/AN urban communities are rare, and efforts to understand and ameliorate health inequities in AI/AN communities typically emphasize deficits rather than capacities. Resilience is an important resource in this context but mainstream, rather than community-derived definitions of resilience, predominate. The present study used multi-investigator consensus analysis in a qualitative study to identify urban American Indian (AI) derived concepts and construct a definition of resilience. The study included 25 AI adults in four focus groups in three urban locales in the southwestern United States. Four resilience themes emerged: 1) AIs built strength through toughness and wisdom; 2) the value of traditional 'lifeways' (i.e., elements of traditional culture that help people navigate their journey through life); 3) the importance of giving and receiving help; and 4) the interconnectedness of Native lifeways, family relationships, and tribal and urban communities. Themes overlap with extant resilience conceptualizations but also provide unique insights into structure and function of urban AI resilience in the Southwest United States. |
2022 |
Lee, Michele S; Diaz, Monica L; Bassford, Tamsen L; Armin, Julie S; Williamson, Heather J Providing Equitable Access to Health Care for Individuals with Disabilities: An Important Challenge for Medical Education Journal Article HPHR, 44 , 2022. @article{Lee2022, title = {Providing Equitable Access to Health Care for Individuals with Disabilities: An Important Challenge for Medical Education}, author = { Michele S. Lee and Monica L. Diaz and Tamsen L. Bassford and Julie S. Armin and Heather J. Williamson}, url = {https://hphr.org/44-article-lee/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-29}, journal = {HPHR}, volume = {44}, abstract = {In a recent national survey, over 50% of physicians reported not feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities. This finding is troubling as physicians are required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) to ensure their practice is accessible to individuals with disabilities. This commentary addresses the need for including disability in medical education and to provide inclusive and quality care for individuals with disabilities. We offer four recommendations to enhance medical school curricula that would educate medical students to provide equitable health services to individuals with disabilities: 1) embed disability training throughout medical education; 2) educate medical students to recognize multiple models of disability; 3) include education and experience with universal design and supported decision-making; and 4) include individuals with all types of disabilities in medical education. Including disability education for medical students should better prepare future physicians for feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In a recent national survey, over 50% of physicians reported not feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities. This finding is troubling as physicians are required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) to ensure their practice is accessible to individuals with disabilities. This commentary addresses the need for including disability in medical education and to provide inclusive and quality care for individuals with disabilities. We offer four recommendations to enhance medical school curricula that would educate medical students to provide equitable health services to individuals with disabilities: 1) embed disability training throughout medical education; 2) educate medical students to recognize multiple models of disability; 3) include education and experience with universal design and supported decision-making; and 4) include individuals with all types of disabilities in medical education. Including disability education for medical students should better prepare future physicians for feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities. |
Sears, Grant; Tutt, Marissa; Sabo, Samantha; Lee, Naomi; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette; Baca, Anthony; Bennett, Marianne; Nashio, Neva J T; Flores, Fernando; Baldwin, Julie Building Trust and Awareness to Increase AZ Native Nation Participation in COVID-19 Vaccines Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (1), pp. 31, 2022. @article{Sears2022, title = {Building Trust and Awareness to Increase AZ Native Nation Participation in COVID-19 Vaccines}, author = {Grant Sears and Marissa Tutt and Samantha Sabo and Naomi Lee and Nicolette Teufel-Shone and Anthony Baca and Marianne Bennett and J. T. Neva Nashio and Fernando Flores and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010031}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20010031}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-20}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {31}, abstract = {The goal of this study was to establish effective, culturally appropriate strategies to enhance participation of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities in prevention and treatment of COVID-19, including vaccine uptake. Thirteen Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from three Arizona Native nations tailored education materials to each community. CHRs delivered the intervention to over 160 community members and administered a pre-posttest to assess trusted sources of information, knowledge, and self-efficacy and intention regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Based on pre-posttest results, doctors/healthcare providers and CHRs were the most trusted health messengers for COVID-19 information; contacts on social media, the state and federal governments, and mainstream news were among the least trusted. Almost two-thirds of respondents felt the education session was relevant to their community and culture, and more than half reported using the education materials to talk to a family member or friend about getting vaccinated. About 67% trusted the COVID-19 information provided and 74% trusted the CHR providing the information. Culturally and locally relevant COVID-19 vaccine information was welcomed and used by community members to advocate for vaccination. The materials and education provided by CHRs were viewed as helpful and emphasized the trust and influence CHRs have in their communities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The goal of this study was to establish effective, culturally appropriate strategies to enhance participation of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities in prevention and treatment of COVID-19, including vaccine uptake. Thirteen Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from three Arizona Native nations tailored education materials to each community. CHRs delivered the intervention to over 160 community members and administered a pre-posttest to assess trusted sources of information, knowledge, and self-efficacy and intention regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Based on pre-posttest results, doctors/healthcare providers and CHRs were the most trusted health messengers for COVID-19 information; contacts on social media, the state and federal governments, and mainstream news were among the least trusted. Almost two-thirds of respondents felt the education session was relevant to their community and culture, and more than half reported using the education materials to talk to a family member or friend about getting vaccinated. About 67% trusted the COVID-19 information provided and 74% trusted the CHR providing the information. Culturally and locally relevant COVID-19 vaccine information was welcomed and used by community members to advocate for vaccination. The materials and education provided by CHRs were viewed as helpful and emphasized the trust and influence CHRs have in their communities. |
Ozis, Fethiye; Parks, Shannon Lynn Isovitsch; Sills, Deborah Lynne; Akca, Mustafa; Kirby, Christine Teaching sustainability: does style matter? Journal Article International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 23 (8), pp. 194-210, 2022, ISBN: 1467-6370. @article{Ozis2022, title = {Teaching sustainability: does style matter?}, author = {Fethiye Ozis and Shannon Lynn Isovitsch Parks and Deborah Lynne Sills and Mustafa Akca and Christine Kirby}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-09-2021-0392}, isbn = {1467-6370}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-19}, journal = {International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {194-210}, abstract = {This paper aims to analyze how a tangram activity improved students’ abilities to explain sustainability, articulate a positive perception of sustainable design and relate sustainability with innovation in engineering design. The concept of paradigm shift was introduced in the classroom by using a tangram activity to help students understand that sustainable design requires out-of-the-box thinking. Instructors from three institutions teaching various levels of sustainability courses to engineering majors used the activity to introduce sustainable design, then measured the understanding and appreciation of the concepts introduced through the tangram activity with pre- and post-activity surveys. Findings from the study indicate that students’ perceptions of sustainability significantly improved due to the activity, without regard to the institution. The activity also significantly improved students understanding of the connection between sustainability and innovation, across all three institutions, across all majors and across all years of study except second-year students. Improving engineering students’ views on sustainability may lead, over time, to changes in the industry, in which environmental performance is incorporated into the engineering design process.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper aims to analyze how a tangram activity improved students’ abilities to explain sustainability, articulate a positive perception of sustainable design and relate sustainability with innovation in engineering design. The concept of paradigm shift was introduced in the classroom by using a tangram activity to help students understand that sustainable design requires out-of-the-box thinking. Instructors from three institutions teaching various levels of sustainability courses to engineering majors used the activity to introduce sustainable design, then measured the understanding and appreciation of the concepts introduced through the tangram activity with pre- and post-activity surveys. Findings from the study indicate that students’ perceptions of sustainability significantly improved due to the activity, without regard to the institution. The activity also significantly improved students understanding of the connection between sustainability and innovation, across all three institutions, across all majors and across all years of study except second-year students. Improving engineering students’ views on sustainability may lead, over time, to changes in the industry, in which environmental performance is incorporated into the engineering design process. |
Bosch, Pamela Rogers; Barr, Dawn; Roy, Indrakshi; Fabricant, Maximillian; Mann, Audrey; Mangone, Elizabeth; Karmarkar, Amol; Kumar, Amit Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke Journal Article Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation, 100251 , 2022, ISSN: 2590-1095. @article{Bosch2022b, title = {Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke}, author = {Pamela Rogers Bosch and Dawn Barr and Indrakshi Roy and Maximillian Fabricant and Audrey Mann and Elizabeth Mangone and Amol Karmarkar and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, doi = {10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, issn = {2590-1095}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-17}, journal = {Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation}, volume = {100251}, abstract = {The objective of this study was to examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation following a stroke. Design Secondary analysis of data extracted from electronic health records linked with the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. Setting Three hospital-based inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) in a major metropolitan area. Participants 1,397 adult patients (mean (SD) age: 69.4 (13.5); 724 males) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measure Community discharge from IRF. Results 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (OR=7.80, 95% CI: 5.03 – 12.10 and OR= 4.89, 95% CI: 3.16 – 7.57 respectively). Conclusion Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The objective of this study was to examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation following a stroke. Design Secondary analysis of data extracted from electronic health records linked with the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. Setting Three hospital-based inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) in a major metropolitan area. Participants 1,397 adult patients (mean (SD) age: 69.4 (13.5); 724 males) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measure Community discharge from IRF. Results 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (OR=7.80, 95% CI: 5.03 – 12.10 and OR= 4.89, 95% CI: 3.16 – 7.57 respectively). Conclusion Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge. |
Tutt, Marissa; Begay, Chassity; George, Shawndeena; Dickerson, Christopher; Kahn, Carmella; Bauer, Mark; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette Frontiers in Public Health, 10 , 2022. @article{Tutt2022, title = {Diné teachings and public health students informing peers and relatives about vaccine education: Providing Diné (Navajo)-centered COVID-19 education materials using student health messengers}, author = {Marissa Tutt and Chassity Begay and Shawndeena George and Christopher Dickerson and Carmella Kahn and Mark Bauer and Nicolette Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1046634/full}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.1046634}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-14}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {10}, abstract = {On 9 April 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that only 19. 9% of United States (US) adults were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. In that same week, the Navajo Nation (NN) reported that 37.4% of residents were fully vaccinated, making the NN a leader in the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Despite high vaccination rates, vaccine hesitancy exists within the NN. The Diné (Navajo) Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) intervention was designed to utilize trusted health messengers as an effective means to address adults' vaccine concerns and hesitancy.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } On 9 April 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that only 19. 9% of United States (US) adults were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. In that same week, the Navajo Nation (NN) reported that 37.4% of residents were fully vaccinated, making the NN a leader in the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Despite high vaccination rates, vaccine hesitancy exists within the NN. The Diné (Navajo) Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) intervention was designed to utilize trusted health messengers as an effective means to address adults' vaccine concerns and hesitancy. |
Lininger, Monica R; Kirby, Christine; Laurila, Kelly A; Roy, Indrakshi; Coder, Marcelle; Propper, Catherine R; II, Robert Trotter T; Baldwin, Julie A Building Research Infrastructure: The Development of a Technical Assistance Group-Service Center at an RCMI Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (1), pp. 191, 2022. @article{Lininger2022, title = {Building Research Infrastructure: The Development of a Technical Assistance Group-Service Center at an RCMI}, author = {Monica R. Lininger and Christine Kirby and Kelly A. Laurila and Indrakshi Roy and Marcelle Coder and Catherine R. Propper and Robert T. Trotter II and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010191}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20010191}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-07}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {191}, abstract = {As one of the Research Centers for Minority Institutions (RCMI), the Southwest Health Equity Research Collaborative (SHERC) worked over the first five-year period of funding to foster the advancement of Early Stage Investigators, enhance the quality of health disparities research, and increase institution research capacity in basic Biomedical, Behavioral, and/or Clinical research; all priorities of RCMIs. In year 4, the Technical Assistance Group-Service Center (TAG-SC) was created to help achieve these goals. The TAG-SC provides one-on-one investigator project development support, including research design, data capture, and analysis. Successful implementation of the TAG-SC was tracked using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), a secure, web-based software platform allowing for immediate tracking and evaluation processes. In the first two years, 86 tickets were submitted through the REDCap system for methodological support by TAG-SC experts (faculty and staff) for assistance with health-equity related research, primarily SHERC and externally funded Social/Behavioral research projects. The TAG-SC increased the research capacity for investigators, especially within the SHERC. In this manuscript, we describe the methods used to create the TAG-SC and the REDCap tracking system and lessons learned, which can help other RCMIs interested in creating a similar service center offering an innovative way to build methodological infrastructure.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As one of the Research Centers for Minority Institutions (RCMI), the Southwest Health Equity Research Collaborative (SHERC) worked over the first five-year period of funding to foster the advancement of Early Stage Investigators, enhance the quality of health disparities research, and increase institution research capacity in basic Biomedical, Behavioral, and/or Clinical research; all priorities of RCMIs. In year 4, the Technical Assistance Group-Service Center (TAG-SC) was created to help achieve these goals. The TAG-SC provides one-on-one investigator project development support, including research design, data capture, and analysis. Successful implementation of the TAG-SC was tracked using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), a secure, web-based software platform allowing for immediate tracking and evaluation processes. In the first two years, 86 tickets were submitted through the REDCap system for methodological support by TAG-SC experts (faculty and staff) for assistance with health-equity related research, primarily SHERC and externally funded Social/Behavioral research projects. The TAG-SC increased the research capacity for investigators, especially within the SHERC. In this manuscript, we describe the methods used to create the TAG-SC and the REDCap tracking system and lessons learned, which can help other RCMIs interested in creating a similar service center offering an innovative way to build methodological infrastructure. |
Bea, Jennifer W; Charley, Brenda; Lane, Taylor; Kinslow, Brian; de Heer, Hendrik 'Dirk'; Yazzie, Etta; Yellowhair, Janet; Hudson, Jennifer; Wertheim, Betsy C; Schwartz, Anna L Sage Journals, 2022. @article{Bea2022, title = {Formative Evaluation and Adaptation of a Navajo Cancer Survivor Physical Activity Intervention to Serve a Broader Native American Cancer Survivor Community}, author = {Jennifer W Bea and Brenda Charley and Taylor Lane and Brian Kinslow and Hendrik 'Dirk' de Heer and Etta Yazzie and Janet Yellowhair and Jennifer Hudson and Betsy C Wertheim and Anna L Schwartz}, doi = {10.1177/15248399221131318}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-26}, journal = {Sage Journals}, abstract = {Background Although exercise has been shown to improve cancer survivorship in other communities, cancer exercise studies among Native American communities are rare. We sought to adapt a Navajo-tailored cancer exercise pilot program to serve a broader Native American cancer community. Methods Tribal experts representing 10 different Tribal Nations were engaged in small focus groups (n=2–4) to assess program materials for cultural appropriateness and adaptation to expand tribal inclusiveness. Facilitated by a trained Native American interviewer, focus groups were provided a primer survey and then reviewed intervention materials (protocols, incentives, logo, flyers, etc.). Consensus was reached by the research team on all program adaptations. Results The program name, Restoring Balance, layout, graphics, and symbols were considered culturally appropriate overall. Program exercises and biomarker measurements were viewed as valuable to health improvements in the community. Important color, linguistic, and logistic program modifications were recommended to improve cultural alignment. The order of incentive items was revised to highlight restoration and the logo rotated to align with the four corners of the earth, an important cultural element. Linguistic modifications primarily related to prior traumatic research experiences in Native American communities where data had been taken without adequate community benefit or permission. Program emphasis should be on nurturing, added value and giving. Conclusion and Relevance The methodology used for cultural expert review was successful in eliciting adaptations to expand the tribal inclusiveness of Restoring Balance. Culture, as well as historically traumatic research experiences, among Native American populations must be considered when adapting health promotion programming.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Although exercise has been shown to improve cancer survivorship in other communities, cancer exercise studies among Native American communities are rare. We sought to adapt a Navajo-tailored cancer exercise pilot program to serve a broader Native American cancer community. Methods Tribal experts representing 10 different Tribal Nations were engaged in small focus groups (n=2–4) to assess program materials for cultural appropriateness and adaptation to expand tribal inclusiveness. Facilitated by a trained Native American interviewer, focus groups were provided a primer survey and then reviewed intervention materials (protocols, incentives, logo, flyers, etc.). Consensus was reached by the research team on all program adaptations. Results The program name, Restoring Balance, layout, graphics, and symbols were considered culturally appropriate overall. Program exercises and biomarker measurements were viewed as valuable to health improvements in the community. Important color, linguistic, and logistic program modifications were recommended to improve cultural alignment. The order of incentive items was revised to highlight restoration and the logo rotated to align with the four corners of the earth, an important cultural element. Linguistic modifications primarily related to prior traumatic research experiences in Native American communities where data had been taken without adequate community benefit or permission. Program emphasis should be on nurturing, added value and giving. Conclusion and Relevance The methodology used for cultural expert review was successful in eliciting adaptations to expand the tribal inclusiveness of Restoring Balance. Culture, as well as historically traumatic research experiences, among Native American populations must be considered when adapting health promotion programming. |
Eddie, Regina; Curley, Caleigh; Yazzie, Del; Francisco, Simental; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Begay, Gloria Ann; Sanderson, Priscilla R; George, Carmen; Shin, Sonya; Jumbo-Rintila, Shirleen; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette; Baldwin, Julie; de Heer, Hendrik “Dirk” Practicing Tribal Sovereignty Through a Tribal Health Policy: Implementation of the Healthy Diné Nation Act on the Navajo Nation Journal Article Preventing Chronic Disease, 19 (220106), 2022. @article{Eddie2022, title = {Practicing Tribal Sovereignty Through a Tribal Health Policy: Implementation of the Healthy Diné Nation Act on the Navajo Nation}, author = {Regina Eddie and Caleigh Curley and Del Yazzie and Simental Francisco and Ramona Antone-Nez and Gloria Ann Begay and Priscilla R. Sanderson and Carmen George and Sonya Shin and Shirleen Jumbo-Rintila and Nicolette Teufel-Shone and Julie Baldwin and Hendrik “Dirk” de Heer}, url = {https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2022/22_0106.htm}, doi = {10.5888/pcd19.220106}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-23}, journal = {Preventing Chronic Disease}, volume = {19}, number = {220106}, abstract = {The Navajo Nation is a large sovereign tribal nation. After several years of grassroots efforts and overcoming an initial presidential veto, the Navajo Nation passed the Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) in 2014 to promote healthy behaviors in Navajo communities. This was the first such policy in the US and in any sovereign tribal nation worldwide.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Navajo Nation is a large sovereign tribal nation. After several years of grassroots efforts and overcoming an initial presidential veto, the Navajo Nation passed the Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) in 2014 to promote healthy behaviors in Navajo communities. This was the first such policy in the US and in any sovereign tribal nation worldwide. |
Henson, Sierra N; Elko, Evan A; Swiderski, Piotr M; Liang, Yong; Engelbrektson, Anna L; Piña, Alejandra; Boyle, Annalee S; Fink, Zane; Facista, Salvatore J; Martinez, Vidal; Rahee, Fatima; Brown, Annabelle; Kelley, Erin J; Nelson, Georgia A; Raspet, Isaiah; Mead, Heather L; Altin, John A; Ladner, Jason T PepSeq: a fully in vitro platform for highly multiplexed serology using customizable DNA-barcoded peptide libraries Journal Article Nature Protocols, 18 , pp. 396–423, 2022. @article{Henson2022, title = {PepSeq: a fully in vitro platform for highly multiplexed serology using customizable DNA-barcoded peptide libraries}, author = {Sierra N. Henson and Evan A. Elko and Piotr M. Swiderski and Yong Liang and Anna L. Engelbrektson and Alejandra Piña and Annalee S. Boyle and Zane Fink and Salvatore J. Facista and Vidal Martinez and Fatima Rahee and Annabelle Brown and Erin J. Kelley and Georgia A. Nelson and Isaiah Raspet and Heather L. Mead and John A. Altin and Jason T. Ladner}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-022-00766-8}, doi = {10.1038/s41596-022-00766-8}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-16}, journal = {Nature Protocols}, volume = {18}, pages = {396–423}, abstract = {PepSeq is an in vitro platform for building and conducting highly multiplexed proteomic assays against customizable targets by using DNA-barcoded peptides. Starting with a pool of DNA oligonucleotides encoding peptides of interest, this protocol outlines a fully in vitro and massively parallel procedure for synthesizing the encoded peptides and covalently linking each to a corresponding cDNA tag. The resulting libraries of peptide/DNA conjugates can be used for highly multiplexed assays that leverage high-throughput sequencing to profile the binding or enzymatic specificities of proteins of interest. Here, we describe the implementation of PepSeq for fast and cost-effective epitope-level analysis of antibody reactivity across hundreds of thousands of peptides from <1 µl of serum or plasma input. This protocol includes the design of the DNA oligonucleotide library, synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide constructs, binding of constructs to sample, preparation for sequencing and data analysis. Implemented in this way, PepSeq can be used for a number of applications, including fine-scale mapping of antibody epitopes and determining a subject’s pathogen exposure history. The protocol is divided into two main sections: (i) design and synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide libraries and (ii) use of libraries for highly multiplexed serology. Once oligonucleotide templates are in hand, library synthesis takes 1–2 weeks and can provide enough material for hundreds to thousands of assays. Serological assays can be conducted in 96-well plates and generate sequencing data within a further ~4 d. A suite of software tools, including the PepSIRF package, are made available to facilitate the design of PepSeq libraries and analysis of assay data.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } PepSeq is an in vitro platform for building and conducting highly multiplexed proteomic assays against customizable targets by using DNA-barcoded peptides. Starting with a pool of DNA oligonucleotides encoding peptides of interest, this protocol outlines a fully in vitro and massively parallel procedure for synthesizing the encoded peptides and covalently linking each to a corresponding cDNA tag. The resulting libraries of peptide/DNA conjugates can be used for highly multiplexed assays that leverage high-throughput sequencing to profile the binding or enzymatic specificities of proteins of interest. Here, we describe the implementation of PepSeq for fast and cost-effective epitope-level analysis of antibody reactivity across hundreds of thousands of peptides from <1 µl of serum or plasma input. This protocol includes the design of the DNA oligonucleotide library, synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide constructs, binding of constructs to sample, preparation for sequencing and data analysis. Implemented in this way, PepSeq can be used for a number of applications, including fine-scale mapping of antibody epitopes and determining a subject’s pathogen exposure history. The protocol is divided into two main sections: (i) design and synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide libraries and (ii) use of libraries for highly multiplexed serology. Once oligonucleotide templates are in hand, library synthesis takes 1–2 weeks and can provide enough material for hundreds to thousands of assays. Serological assays can be conducted in 96-well plates and generate sequencing data within a further ~4 d. A suite of software tools, including the PepSIRF package, are made available to facilitate the design of PepSeq libraries and analysis of assay data. |
Tsosie, Shepherd; Petillo, Michael Searching for Our Two-Spirit Relations in Evaluation by Shepherd Tsosie and Michael Petillo Journal Article AEA365, 2022. @article{Tsosie2022, title = {Searching for Our Two-Spirit Relations in Evaluation by Shepherd Tsosie and Michael Petillo}, author = {Shepherd Tsosie and Michael Petillo}, url = {https://aea365.org/blog/ipe-tig-week-searching-for-our-two-spirit-relations-in-evaluation-by-shepherd-tsosie-and-michael-petillo/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-15}, journal = {AEA365}, abstract = {Hi, we’re Shepherd Tsosie (they/them) (Diné), an Independent Researcher living and working on the traditional territories of the Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation; and Michael Petillo (he/him or they/them), Principal Consultant for CES Partnership and Senior Research Coordinator at the Center for Health Equity Research of Northern Arizona University, which includes or touches on Ndee/Nnēē, Diné, Havasupai, Hohokam/O’odham, Hopitutskwa, Hualapai, Pueblos, and Shiwinna territories and sacred homelands. We’re honored to be part of the IPE TIG’s blog week.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Hi, we’re Shepherd Tsosie (they/them) (Diné), an Independent Researcher living and working on the traditional territories of the Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation; and Michael Petillo (he/him or they/them), Principal Consultant for CES Partnership and Senior Research Coordinator at the Center for Health Equity Research of Northern Arizona University, which includes or touches on Ndee/Nnēē, Diné, Havasupai, Hohokam/O’odham, Hopitutskwa, Hualapai, Pueblos, and Shiwinna territories and sacred homelands. We’re honored to be part of the IPE TIG’s blog week. |
John, Brianna; Etsitty, Sean O; Greenfeld, Alex; Alsburg, Robert; Egge, Malyssa; Sandman, Sharon; George, Carmen; Curley, Caleigh; Curley, Cameron; Heer, Hendrik De D; Begay, Gloria; Ashley, Martin E; Yazzie, Del; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Shin, Sonya Sunhi; Bancroft, Carolyn Navajo Nation Stores Show Resilience During COVID-19 Pandemic Journal Article SOPHE, 23 (1), 2022. @article{John2022, title = {Navajo Nation Stores Show Resilience During COVID-19 Pandemic}, author = {Brianna John and Sean O. Etsitty and Alex Greenfeld and Robert Alsburg and Malyssa Egge and Sharon Sandman and Carmen George and Caleigh Curley and Cameron Curley and Hendrik D. De Heer and Gloria Begay and Martin E. Ashley and Del Yazzie and Ramona Antone-Nez and Sonya Sunhi Shin and Carolyn Bancroft}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/15248399221118393}, doi = {10.1177/15248399221118393}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-14}, journal = {SOPHE}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, abstract = {On April 8, 2020, the Navajo Nation issued an administrative order limiting business operations. Facing high coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rates and limited food infrastructure, a survey was conducted among Navajo Nation store managers to assess: (1) COVID-19 adaptations; (2) challenges; (3) changes in customer volume and purchasing; and (4) suggestions for additional support. Purposive sampling identified 29 stores in Navajo communities. Representatives from 20 stores (19 store managers/owners, 1 other; 7 grocery, and 13 convenience/other stores) were interviewed by phone or in-person to reach saturation (new information threshold < 5%). Responses were coded using frequencies and inductive thematic analysis. All 20 stores implemented COVID-19 guidelines (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]/Navajo Nation) and most received orientation/support from local chapters, community organizations, or health centers. Stores implemented staff policies (50%, handwashing, vaccinations, protective personal equipment (PPE), sick leave, temperature checks), environmental changes (50%, hand sanitizer, checkout dividers), customer protocols (40%, limit customers, mask requirements, closed restrooms), and deep cleaning (40%). Most stores (65%) reported challenges including stress/anxiety, changing guidelines, supply chain and customer compliance; 30% reported infection or loss of staff. Weekday customer volume was slightly higher vs. pre-COVID, but weekend lower. Stores reported consistent or more healthy food purchases (50%), more nonfood essentials (20%), or shelf-stable foods (10%). Desired support included further orientation (30%), leadership support (20%), overtime/time to learn guidelines (20%), and signage/handouts (15%). Despite a high COVID-19 burden and limited food store infrastructure, Navajo Nation stores adapted by implementing staff, environmental and customer policies. Local support, staffing, and small store offerings were key factors in healthy food access.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } On April 8, 2020, the Navajo Nation issued an administrative order limiting business operations. Facing high coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rates and limited food infrastructure, a survey was conducted among Navajo Nation store managers to assess: (1) COVID-19 adaptations; (2) challenges; (3) changes in customer volume and purchasing; and (4) suggestions for additional support. Purposive sampling identified 29 stores in Navajo communities. Representatives from 20 stores (19 store managers/owners, 1 other; 7 grocery, and 13 convenience/other stores) were interviewed by phone or in-person to reach saturation (new information threshold < 5%). Responses were coded using frequencies and inductive thematic analysis. All 20 stores implemented COVID-19 guidelines (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]/Navajo Nation) and most received orientation/support from local chapters, community organizations, or health centers. Stores implemented staff policies (50%, handwashing, vaccinations, protective personal equipment (PPE), sick leave, temperature checks), environmental changes (50%, hand sanitizer, checkout dividers), customer protocols (40%, limit customers, mask requirements, closed restrooms), and deep cleaning (40%). Most stores (65%) reported challenges including stress/anxiety, changing guidelines, supply chain and customer compliance; 30% reported infection or loss of staff. Weekday customer volume was slightly higher vs. pre-COVID, but weekend lower. Stores reported consistent or more healthy food purchases (50%), more nonfood essentials (20%), or shelf-stable foods (10%). Desired support included further orientation (30%), leadership support (20%), overtime/time to learn guidelines (20%), and signage/handouts (15%). Despite a high COVID-19 burden and limited food store infrastructure, Navajo Nation stores adapted by implementing staff, environmental and customer policies. Local support, staffing, and small store offerings were key factors in healthy food access. |
Baldwin, Julie A; A, Alvarado; K, Jarratt-Snider; A, Hunter; C, Keene; A, Castagno; A, Ali-Joseph; J, Roddy; Jr, Begay M; Joseph D, Goldtooth C; C, Camplain; M, Smith; K, McCue; A, Begay; N, Teufel-Shone Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study Journal Article JMIR Publications, 2022. @article{Baldwin2022, title = {Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study}, author = {Julie A. Baldwin and Alvarado A and Jarratt-Snider K and Hunter A and Keene C and Castagno A and Ali-Joseph A and Roddy J and Begay M Jr and Joseph D, Goldtooth C and Camplain C and Smith M and McCue K and Begay A and Teufel-Shone N}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366048977_Understanding_Resilience_and_Mental_Wellbeing_in_Southwest_Indigenous_Nations_and_the_Impact_of_COVID-19_Protocol_for_a_Mixed-Methods_Study_Preprint}, doi = {10.2196/preprints.44727}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-09}, journal = {JMIR Publications}, abstract = {Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. OBJECTIVE Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. To guide this study, we developed a conceptual framework based upon IDOH, Indigenous Nation-Building, and concepts of Indigenous Mental Wellbeing and Resilience. The research process was guided by the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance to honor tribal and data sovereignty. Data were collected through a mixed methods research design - including interviews, talking circles, asset mapping, and coding of executive orders - that documented the contextual factors that contribute to mental health and wellbeing among Native nations. Special attention was placed on the assets and culturally, socially, and geographically distinct features of each Native nation and the communities within them. Our study was unique in that our research team consisted of predominantly Indigenous scholars and community researchers representing at least eight tribes and nations in the United States. The members of the team, regardless of whether they identified as Indigenous or non-Indigenous, have many collective years of experience working with Indigenous peoples and are committed to the health and wellbeing of tribal communities. RESULTS: The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. CONCLUSIONS: This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. OBJECTIVE Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. To guide this study, we developed a conceptual framework based upon IDOH, Indigenous Nation-Building, and concepts of Indigenous Mental Wellbeing and Resilience. The research process was guided by the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance to honor tribal and data sovereignty. Data were collected through a mixed methods research design - including interviews, talking circles, asset mapping, and coding of executive orders - that documented the contextual factors that contribute to mental health and wellbeing among Native nations. Special attention was placed on the assets and culturally, socially, and geographically distinct features of each Native nation and the communities within them. Our study was unique in that our research team consisted of predominantly Indigenous scholars and community researchers representing at least eight tribes and nations in the United States. The members of the team, regardless of whether they identified as Indigenous or non-Indigenous, have many collective years of experience working with Indigenous peoples and are committed to the health and wellbeing of tribal communities. RESULTS: The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. CONCLUSIONS: This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. |
Lopez, Albertina; Lynn, Jewlya; Peak, Geri; Petillo, Michael; Rios, Aisha; Shanker, Vidhya; Wolf, Susan Decolonization in Evaluation Week: Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation Needs YOUR Voice Journal Article AEA365, 2022. @article{Lopez2022, title = {Decolonization in Evaluation Week: Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation Needs YOUR Voice }, author = {Albertina Lopez and Jewlya Lynn and Geri Peak and Michael Petillo and Aisha Rios and Vidhya Shanker and Susan Wolf}, url = {https://aea365.org/blog/decolonization-in-evaluation-week-voices-of-decolonizing-evaluation-needs-your-voice-by-albertina-lopez-jewlya-lynn-geri-peak-michael-petillo-aisha-rios-vidhya-shanker-susan-wolf/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-31}, journal = {AEA365}, abstract = {Greetings good people, we are Albertina Lopez, Jewlya Lynn, Geri Peak, Michael Petillo, Aisha Rios, Vidhya Shanker & Susan Wolfe, the team of voices behind AEA session #5365, Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation: Moving from Discussion to Action. Following on our blogs from last year, we are expanding the ongoing discourse on evaluation’s role in envisioning and co-creating a just society by opening space for more voices so that we can advance our understanding together—stimulating change within and among ourselves, and facilitating collective action.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Greetings good people, we are Albertina Lopez, Jewlya Lynn, Geri Peak, Michael Petillo, Aisha Rios, Vidhya Shanker & Susan Wolfe, the team of voices behind AEA session #5365, Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation: Moving from Discussion to Action. Following on our blogs from last year, we are expanding the ongoing discourse on evaluation’s role in envisioning and co-creating a just society by opening space for more voices so that we can advance our understanding together—stimulating change within and among ourselves, and facilitating collective action. |
Williamson, Heather J; Begay, Andria B; Dunn, Dorothy J; Bacon, Rachel; Remiker, Mark; , ; Garcia, Yolanda E; McCarthy, Michael J; Baldwin, Julie A “We live on an island:” Perspectives on rural family caregiving for adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia in the United States Journal Article The Qualitative Report, 27 (10), pp. 2343-2358, 2022. @article{Williamson2022, title = {“We live on an island:” Perspectives on rural family caregiving for adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia in the United States}, author = {Heather J. Williamson and Andria B. Begay and Dorothy J. Dunn and Rachel Bacon and Mark Remiker and and Yolanda E. Garcia and Michael J. McCarthy and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol27/iss10/17/}, doi = {10.46743/2160-3715/2022.5193}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-28}, journal = {The Qualitative Report}, volume = {27}, number = {10}, pages = {2343-2358}, abstract = {As the United States’ aging population grows, there will be increased prevalence of individuals living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias (ADRD), who largely rely on the support of their family caregivers. Family caregivers residing in rural areas face additional challenges with managing caregiving responsibilities and navigating support services. The purpose of this multilevel phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the assets, unique needs, and resources of rural-residing ADRD caregivers from the caregiver, provider, and policy influencers’ perspectives. The study took place between 2019 through 2021 in northern Arizona, a largely rural and geographically vast area home to caregivers from diverse backgrounds. Twenty-seven caregivers to a loved one with ADRD participated in focus groups. Twelve health and social services providers and twelve policy influencers, those involved in leadership positions for aging programs or advocacy groups, completed individual interviews. Caregivers demonstrate many assets which contribute to their ability to manage and cope with their caregiving role. However, caregivers face a series of issues related to their caregiving role and need early and ongoing education regarding ADRD. There is a lack of resources available in rural areas, in particular providers, making it challenging to obtain needed resources necessary to support their loved one with ADRD. Furthermore, there is a need for more providers trained in working with aging adults and those experiencing ADRD, and a need for more culturally relevant resources.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As the United States’ aging population grows, there will be increased prevalence of individuals living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias (ADRD), who largely rely on the support of their family caregivers. Family caregivers residing in rural areas face additional challenges with managing caregiving responsibilities and navigating support services. The purpose of this multilevel phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the assets, unique needs, and resources of rural-residing ADRD caregivers from the caregiver, provider, and policy influencers’ perspectives. The study took place between 2019 through 2021 in northern Arizona, a largely rural and geographically vast area home to caregivers from diverse backgrounds. Twenty-seven caregivers to a loved one with ADRD participated in focus groups. Twelve health and social services providers and twelve policy influencers, those involved in leadership positions for aging programs or advocacy groups, completed individual interviews. Caregivers demonstrate many assets which contribute to their ability to manage and cope with their caregiving role. However, caregivers face a series of issues related to their caregiving role and need early and ongoing education regarding ADRD. There is a lack of resources available in rural areas, in particular providers, making it challenging to obtain needed resources necessary to support their loved one with ADRD. Furthermore, there is a need for more providers trained in working with aging adults and those experiencing ADRD, and a need for more culturally relevant resources. |
McCue, Kelly; Sabo, Samantha; Wightman, Patrick; Butler, Matthew; Pilling, Vern; Jiménez, Dulce; Annorbah, Rebecca; Rumann, Sara Maternal and Child Health Journal, 26 , pp. 2485–2495, 2022. @article{McCue2022, title = {Impact of a Community Health Worker (CHW) Home Visiting Intervention on Any and Adequate Prenatal Care Among Ethno-Racially Diverse Pregnant Women of the US Southwest}, author = {Kelly McCue and Samantha Sabo and Patrick Wightman and Matthew Butler and Vern Pilling and Dulce Jiménez and Rebecca Annorbah and Sara Rumann}, url = { https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-022-03506-2}, doi = {10.1007/s10995-022-03506-2}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-21}, journal = {Maternal and Child Health Journal}, volume = {26}, pages = {2485–2495}, abstract = {Social and structural barriers drive disparities in prenatal care utilization among minoritized women in the United States. This study examined the impact of Arizona’s Health Start Program, a community health worker (CHW) home visiting intervention, on prenatal care utilization among an ethno-racially and geographically diverse cohort of women. A CHW-led perinatal home visiting intervention operated through a state health department can improve prenatal care utilization among demographically and socioeconomically disadvantaged women and reduce maternal and child health inequity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Social and structural barriers drive disparities in prenatal care utilization among minoritized women in the United States. This study examined the impact of Arizona’s Health Start Program, a community health worker (CHW) home visiting intervention, on prenatal care utilization among an ethno-racially and geographically diverse cohort of women. A CHW-led perinatal home visiting intervention operated through a state health department can improve prenatal care utilization among demographically and socioeconomically disadvantaged women and reduce maternal and child health inequity. |
Felt*, Dylan; Perez-Bill, Esrea; Ruprecht, Megan M; Petillo, Michael; Beach, Lauren B; Glenn, Erik Elías; Phillips, Gregory Becoming an LGBTQ+ storyteller: Collecting and using data on gender, sex, and sexual orientation Journal Article Northwestern Scholars, 2022 (175), pp. 31-52, 2022. @article{Felt*2022, title = {Becoming an LGBTQ+ storyteller: Collecting and using data on gender, sex, and sexual orientation}, author = {Dylan Felt* and Esrea Perez-Bill and Megan M. Ruprecht and Michael Petillo and Lauren B. Beach and Erik Elías Glenn and Gregory Phillips}, doi = {10.1002/ev.20518}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-21}, journal = {Northwestern Scholars}, volume = {2022}, number = {175}, pages = {31-52}, abstract = {LGBTQ+ stories and histories have long been silenced as part of deliberate work by those in power to erase our identities and experiences. As evaluators, we contribute to the process of either silencing or uplifting LGBTQ+ stories. This aspect of our work begs a number of vital questions that each of us must reckon with when we approach an evaluation: What data are necessary to allow us to tell a story? What story will we tell with the data we have collected? And, most importantly, who does the telling of certain stories benefit, who might it harm, and what is our responsibility as evaluators to protect peoples’ stories? Proceeding from these questions, this chapter has three distinct parts. In Part One, we establish a common language. By integrating perspectives from the social sciences and LGBTQ+ community scholarship, we provide an overview of the complex and contextually specific nature of sex, sexual orientation, and gender, and discuss the implications of these complexities on how we approach collecting LGBTQ+ data. In Part Two, we consider the power of the stories we tell to impact the lives of LGBTQ+ people, and the frameworks, theories, and ethical imperatives which may help us to contribute to a narrative of LGBTQ+ liberation through our work. Finally, in Part Three, we offer an example tool for readers to use as they consider how they would approach this work in their own practices.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } LGBTQ+ stories and histories have long been silenced as part of deliberate work by those in power to erase our identities and experiences. As evaluators, we contribute to the process of either silencing or uplifting LGBTQ+ stories. This aspect of our work begs a number of vital questions that each of us must reckon with when we approach an evaluation: What data are necessary to allow us to tell a story? What story will we tell with the data we have collected? And, most importantly, who does the telling of certain stories benefit, who might it harm, and what is our responsibility as evaluators to protect peoples’ stories? Proceeding from these questions, this chapter has three distinct parts. In Part One, we establish a common language. By integrating perspectives from the social sciences and LGBTQ+ community scholarship, we provide an overview of the complex and contextually specific nature of sex, sexual orientation, and gender, and discuss the implications of these complexities on how we approach collecting LGBTQ+ data. In Part Two, we consider the power of the stories we tell to impact the lives of LGBTQ+ people, and the frameworks, theories, and ethical imperatives which may help us to contribute to a narrative of LGBTQ+ liberation through our work. Finally, in Part Three, we offer an example tool for readers to use as they consider how they would approach this work in their own practices. |
Lininger, Monica; Root, H J; Camplain, Ricky; Barger, S Describing the appropriate use and interpretation of odds and risk ratios Journal Article Research in Sports Medicina, 2022. @article{Lininger2022b, title = {Describing the appropriate use and interpretation of odds and risk ratios}, author = {Monica Lininger and H.J. Root and Ricky Camplain and S. Barger}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2022.2132861}, doi = {10.1080/15438627.2022.2132861}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-10}, journal = {Research in Sports Medicina}, abstract = {In sport medicine, epidemiology of sport-related injury provides the foundation for understanding what types of injuries and illnesses occur and who is at the highest risk. Thus, accurate and transparent reporting and interpretation of risk metrics is essential to sports epidemiology. Odds ratios (OR) and risk ratios (RR) are two statistics used to quantify the association between exposure and outcome and are frequently seen in sports medicine literature. While similarities exist, there are optimal ways to use and interpret OR and RR based on the study design and outcome incidence in the target population. In this short communication, we will present common study designs (e.g. prospective cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) along with recommendations for the use and interpretation of OR and RR. This will ultimately assist partitioners in choosing and interpreting these frequently confused measures of association and also help journal reviewers better understand the appropriate use of these measures when evaluating a manuscript.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In sport medicine, epidemiology of sport-related injury provides the foundation for understanding what types of injuries and illnesses occur and who is at the highest risk. Thus, accurate and transparent reporting and interpretation of risk metrics is essential to sports epidemiology. Odds ratios (OR) and risk ratios (RR) are two statistics used to quantify the association between exposure and outcome and are frequently seen in sports medicine literature. While similarities exist, there are optimal ways to use and interpret OR and RR based on the study design and outcome incidence in the target population. In this short communication, we will present common study designs (e.g. prospective cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) along with recommendations for the use and interpretation of OR and RR. This will ultimately assist partitioners in choosing and interpreting these frequently confused measures of association and also help journal reviewers better understand the appropriate use of these measures when evaluating a manuscript. |
Ricky Camplain, PhD ; Lauren Hale, PhD ; Carolyn Camplain, JD ; Rita Stageman, MSW ; Julie A. Baldwin, PhD Changes in sleep quality and housing status among individuals incarcerated in jail Journal Article Sleep Health, 8 (6), 2022. @article{Camplain2022g, title = {Changes in sleep quality and housing status among individuals incarcerated in jail}, author = {Ricky Camplain, PhD and Lauren Hale, PhD and Carolyn Camplain, JD and Rita Stageman, MSW and Julie A. Baldwin, PhD}, doi = {10.1016/j.sleh.2022.08.006}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-10}, journal = {Sleep Health}, volume = {8}, number = {6}, abstract = {Objective To investigate sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in a rural county jail, by housing status before incarceration. Methods Using cross-sectional survey methods, 194 individuals incarcerated in jail reported sleep quality prior to and during incarceration on a Likert scale and pre-incarceration housing status (ie, house, apartment, motel, group living, or homeless). Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using log binomial regression to determine associations between housing status before incarceration and changes in sleep quality. Results Participants in non-permanent housing before incarceration had a lower prevalence of worsening sleep quality while incarcerated (compared to stable or improving) compared to those in permanent housing before incarceration (PR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.77). Conclusions Pre-incarceration housing is associated with change in sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in jail. Jail may be an important point of intervention to improve sleep quality during incarceration and through connecting individuals to more stable living conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective To investigate sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in a rural county jail, by housing status before incarceration. Methods Using cross-sectional survey methods, 194 individuals incarcerated in jail reported sleep quality prior to and during incarceration on a Likert scale and pre-incarceration housing status (ie, house, apartment, motel, group living, or homeless). Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using log binomial regression to determine associations between housing status before incarceration and changes in sleep quality. Results Participants in non-permanent housing before incarceration had a lower prevalence of worsening sleep quality while incarcerated (compared to stable or improving) compared to those in permanent housing before incarceration (PR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.77). Conclusions Pre-incarceration housing is associated with change in sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in jail. Jail may be an important point of intervention to improve sleep quality during incarceration and through connecting individuals to more stable living conditions. |
Wightman, Patrick; McCue, Kelly; Sabo, Samantha; Annorbah, Rebecca; Jiménez, Dulce; Pilling, Vern; Butler, Matthew; Celaya, Martín F; Rumann, Sara Community Health Worker Intervention Improves Early Childhood Vaccination Rates: Results from a Propensity-score Matching Evaluation Journal Article BMC Public Health, 22 (1), pp. 1854, 2022. @article{Wightman2022, title = {Community Health Worker Intervention Improves Early Childhood Vaccination Rates: Results from a Propensity-score Matching Evaluation}, author = {Patrick Wightman and Kelly McCue and Samantha Sabo and Rebecca Annorbah and Dulce Jiménez and Vern Pilling and Matthew Butler and Martín F Celaya and Sara Rumann}, url = {https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-14239-w}, doi = {10.1186/s12889-022-14239-w}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-04}, journal = {BMC Public Health}, volume = {22}, number = {1}, pages = {1854}, abstract = {Arizona’s Health Start Program is a statewide community health worker (CHW) maternal and child health home visiting intervention. The objective of this study was to test if participation in Health Start during 2006–2016 improved early childhood vaccination completion rates. Methods This retrospective study used 11 years of administrative, birth certificate, and immunization records. Propensity score matching was used to identify control groups, based on demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics. Results are reported by historically disadvantaged subgroups and/or with a history of low vaccine uptake, including Hispanic/Latinx and American Indian children, and children of low socioeconomic status and from rural areas, children with teen mothers and first-born children. The average treatment-on-the-treated (ATT) effect estimated the impact of Health Start on timely completion of seven early childhood vaccine series: diphtheria/tetanus toxoids and acellular/whole-cell pertussis (DTaP/DTP), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), hepatitis B (Hep. B), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), poliovirus, and varicella. Results Vaccination completion rates (by age five) were 5.0% points higher for Health Start children as a group, and on average 5.0% points higher for several subgroups of mothers: women from rural border counties (ATT 5.8), Hispanic/Latinx women (ATT 4.8), American Indian women (ATT 4.8), women with less than high school education (ATT 5.0), teen mothers (ATT 6.1), and primipara women (ATT 4.5), compared to matched control groups (p-value ≤ 0.05). Time-to-event analyses show Health Start children complete vaccination sooner, with a hazard rate for full vaccination 13% higher than their matches. Conclusion A state-operated home visiting intervention with CHWs as the primary interventionist can effectively promote early childhood vaccine completion, which may reduce the incidence of preventable diseases and subsequently improve children’s health. Effects of CHW interventions on vaccination uptake is particularly relevant given the rise in vaccine-preventable diseases in the US and globally.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Arizona’s Health Start Program is a statewide community health worker (CHW) maternal and child health home visiting intervention. The objective of this study was to test if participation in Health Start during 2006–2016 improved early childhood vaccination completion rates. Methods This retrospective study used 11 years of administrative, birth certificate, and immunization records. Propensity score matching was used to identify control groups, based on demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics. Results are reported by historically disadvantaged subgroups and/or with a history of low vaccine uptake, including Hispanic/Latinx and American Indian children, and children of low socioeconomic status and from rural areas, children with teen mothers and first-born children. The average treatment-on-the-treated (ATT) effect estimated the impact of Health Start on timely completion of seven early childhood vaccine series: diphtheria/tetanus toxoids and acellular/whole-cell pertussis (DTaP/DTP), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), hepatitis B (Hep. B), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), poliovirus, and varicella. Results Vaccination completion rates (by age five) were 5.0% points higher for Health Start children as a group, and on average 5.0% points higher for several subgroups of mothers: women from rural border counties (ATT 5.8), Hispanic/Latinx women (ATT 4.8), American Indian women (ATT 4.8), women with less than high school education (ATT 5.0), teen mothers (ATT 6.1), and primipara women (ATT 4.5), compared to matched control groups (p-value ≤ 0.05). Time-to-event analyses show Health Start children complete vaccination sooner, with a hazard rate for full vaccination 13% higher than their matches. Conclusion A state-operated home visiting intervention with CHWs as the primary interventionist can effectively promote early childhood vaccine completion, which may reduce the incidence of preventable diseases and subsequently improve children’s health. Effects of CHW interventions on vaccination uptake is particularly relevant given the rise in vaccine-preventable diseases in the US and globally. |
Camplain, Ricky; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Jiang, Luohua; Chang, Jennifer; Manson, Spero M Change In Physical Activity, Food Choices And Hemoglobin A1c Among American Indians and Alaska Natives with Type 2 Diabetes Journal Article Preventive Medicine Reports, 29 , 2022. @article{Camplain2022f, title = {Change In Physical Activity, Food Choices And Hemoglobin A1c Among American Indians and Alaska Natives with Type 2 Diabetes}, author = {Ricky Camplain and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone and Luohua Jiang and Jennifer Chang and Spero M Manson}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101945}, doi = {10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101945}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-01}, journal = {Preventive Medicine Reports}, volume = {29}, abstract = {The prevalence of diabetes among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults is the highest of all United States racial/ethnic groups. Health behaviors, including regular physical activity and healthy food choices, are important components in the management of diabetes. We estimated the cross-sectional association between physical activity and healthy food scores, separately, and combined (PAHF) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over three years of the Special Diabetes Program for Indians-Healthy Heart demonstration project (SDPI-HH) intervention. The relationship between physical activity and food choices was also examined. Among 3,039 SDPI-HH participants at baseline, those reporting being physically active and having high healthy food scores had statistically significant lower HbA1c (mean = 7.67 ± 2.01) compared to inactive participants with low healthy food scores (7.90 ± 1.92). Among the 1,150 SDPI-HH participants who attended the three-year follow-up visit, participants who increased physical activity, consumption of healthy foods, or both had a larger decrease in HbA1c (β = -0.29, P = 0.03) over the study period compared to participants with no improvement in physical activity or increase in consuming healthy foods. This association was statistically significant among women (β = -0.35, P = 0.04) but not among men (β = -0.08, P = 0.70). Our findings indicated that an increase in healthier behaviors, including physical activity and healthy food choices, was associated with a small improvement in HbA1c in the subset of women who participated in the SDPI-HH through the three-year follow-up. Although the decrease in HbA1c was small, physical activity and healthy food choices are important behaviors to incorporate into everyday life among AI/AN adults, particularly those with diabetes.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The prevalence of diabetes among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults is the highest of all United States racial/ethnic groups. Health behaviors, including regular physical activity and healthy food choices, are important components in the management of diabetes. We estimated the cross-sectional association between physical activity and healthy food scores, separately, and combined (PAHF) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over three years of the Special Diabetes Program for Indians-Healthy Heart demonstration project (SDPI-HH) intervention. The relationship between physical activity and food choices was also examined. Among 3,039 SDPI-HH participants at baseline, those reporting being physically active and having high healthy food scores had statistically significant lower HbA1c (mean = 7.67 ± 2.01) compared to inactive participants with low healthy food scores (7.90 ± 1.92). Among the 1,150 SDPI-HH participants who attended the three-year follow-up visit, participants who increased physical activity, consumption of healthy foods, or both had a larger decrease in HbA1c (β = -0.29, P = 0.03) over the study period compared to participants with no improvement in physical activity or increase in consuming healthy foods. This association was statistically significant among women (β = -0.35, P = 0.04) but not among men (β = -0.08, P = 0.70). Our findings indicated that an increase in healthier behaviors, including physical activity and healthy food choices, was associated with a small improvement in HbA1c in the subset of women who participated in the SDPI-HH through the three-year follow-up. Although the decrease in HbA1c was small, physical activity and healthy food choices are important behaviors to incorporate into everyday life among AI/AN adults, particularly those with diabetes. |
Braun, KL; Harjo, LD; Burhansstipanov, L; Kawakami, KL; Palakiko, DM; McElfish, PA; Cruz, MR Dela; Antonio, MC; Sanderson, PR; Bauer, MC; Teufel-Shone, NI Addressing Racism in Indigenous Health Journal Article Forthcoming Forthcoming. @article{Braun2022, title = {Addressing Racism in Indigenous Health}, author = {KL Braun and LD Harjo and L Burhansstipanov and KL Kawakami and DM Palakiko and PA McElfish and MR Dela Cruz and MC Antonio and PR Sanderson and MC Bauer and NI Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://www.kentuckypress.com/9780813195841/indigenous-public-health/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-09-09}, booktitle = {Indigenous Public Health: Improvement through Community-Engaged Interventions}, publisher = {University Press of Kentucky}, abstract = {Indigenous Public Health: Improvement through Community-Engaged Interventions illustrates how successful community engagement strategies, programs, and resources within indigenous communities have resulted in diverse, successful public health programs, and helped community members overcome barriers to health. Editors Linda Burhansstipanov and Kathryn L. Braun explore the problems that impact engagement efforts, discuss public health topics, acknowledge and honor the strengths of different communities, and emphasize that collaboration and the sharing of resources can only improve the lives involved.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } Indigenous Public Health: Improvement through Community-Engaged Interventions illustrates how successful community engagement strategies, programs, and resources within indigenous communities have resulted in diverse, successful public health programs, and helped community members overcome barriers to health. Editors Linda Burhansstipanov and Kathryn L. Braun explore the problems that impact engagement efforts, discuss public health topics, acknowledge and honor the strengths of different communities, and emphasize that collaboration and the sharing of resources can only improve the lives involved. |
Lopez, Nanette V; Spilkin, Ary; Brauer, Julianne; Phillips, Rachelle; Kuss, Bonnie; Delio, Gabrielle; Camplain, Ricky Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States Journal Article BMC Nutrition, 8 (96), 2022. @article{Lopez2022b, title = {Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States}, author = {Nanette V. Lopez and Ary Spilkin and Julianne Brauer and Rachelle Phillips and Bonnie Kuss and Gabrielle Delio and Ricky Camplain }, doi = {10.1186/s40795-022-00593-w}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-09-03}, journal = {BMC Nutrition}, volume = {8}, number = {96}, abstract = {Background Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet quality of the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items provided in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States. Methods Daily and mean availability of calories and macronutrients for the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items were estimated using NutritionCalc Plus®. Diet quality (i.e., Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]) was assessed. Macronutrients and calories were compared to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Protein and carbohydrate were compared to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). HEI-2015 was compared to the average U.S. diet. Results Daily caloric provisions exceeded DGA recommendations. Daily available (16.2%-25.2% kcal/day) and mean protein met the AMDR recommendations, yet exceeded the DRI. Mean protein with commissary packs exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available carbohydrate met AMDR recommendations for all but two days of the seven-day cycle menu, which exceeded recommendations (52.5%-66.4% kcal/day). Mean carbohydrate met the AMDR recommendations and exceeded the DRI, and with the commissary packs, exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available total fat for the seven-day cycle menu (79.5–146.7 g), mean total fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available saturated fat for the seven-day cycle menu (16.7–47.7 g) exceeded AMDR recommendations for all but one day of the seven-day cycle menu, while mean saturated fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available added sugars for the seven-day cycle menu (8.4–14.2 g), mean added sugars alone and with the commissary packs all met AMDR recommendations. HEI-2015 scores for the seven-day cycle menu ranged from 49.3–74.5 (mean = 62.2, SD = 9.4), and increased with the commissary packs. Conclusions Exceeding caloric and saturated fat recommendations may contribute to weight gain, regardless of high diet quality. Increasing nutrient-dense foods available in jail may reduce chronic disease among incarcerated populations.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Poor diet may contribute to deleterious chronic health among individuals incarcerated. Yet, limited research has evaluated the nutritional content of menus and commissary items provided in jails. Thus, this study assessed the macronutrient distribution, caloric composition, and diet quality of the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items provided in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States. Methods Daily and mean availability of calories and macronutrients for the seven-day cycle menu and commissary items were estimated using NutritionCalc Plus®. Diet quality (i.e., Healthy Eating Index-2015 [HEI-2015]) was assessed. Macronutrients and calories were compared to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) and the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Protein and carbohydrate were compared to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). HEI-2015 was compared to the average U.S. diet. Results Daily caloric provisions exceeded DGA recommendations. Daily available (16.2%-25.2% kcal/day) and mean protein met the AMDR recommendations, yet exceeded the DRI. Mean protein with commissary packs exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available carbohydrate met AMDR recommendations for all but two days of the seven-day cycle menu, which exceeded recommendations (52.5%-66.4% kcal/day). Mean carbohydrate met the AMDR recommendations and exceeded the DRI, and with the commissary packs, exceeded the AMDR recommendations and DRI. Daily available total fat for the seven-day cycle menu (79.5–146.7 g), mean total fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available saturated fat for the seven-day cycle menu (16.7–47.7 g) exceeded AMDR recommendations for all but one day of the seven-day cycle menu, while mean saturated fat alone and with the commissary packs exceeded AMDR recommendations. Daily available added sugars for the seven-day cycle menu (8.4–14.2 g), mean added sugars alone and with the commissary packs all met AMDR recommendations. HEI-2015 scores for the seven-day cycle menu ranged from 49.3–74.5 (mean = 62.2, SD = 9.4), and increased with the commissary packs. Conclusions Exceeding caloric and saturated fat recommendations may contribute to weight gain, regardless of high diet quality. Increasing nutrient-dense foods available in jail may reduce chronic disease among incarcerated populations. |
Cluff, Emily; Magdaleno, Carina C; Fernandez, Emyly; House, Trenton; Swaminathan, Srividya; Varadaraj, Archana; Rajasekaran, Narendiran Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, 2022. @article{Cluff2022, title = {Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression is induced by IL-2 via the PI3K/mTOR pathway in hypoxic NK cells and supports effector functions in NKL cells and ex vivo expanded NK cells}, author = {Emily Cluff and Carina C. Magdaleno and Emyly Fernandez and Trenton House and Srividya Swaminathan and Archana Varadaraj and Narendiran Rajasekaran}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00262-021-03126-9}, doi = {10.1007/s00262-021-03126-9}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-09-01}, journal = {Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy}, abstract = {Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphocytes that are specialized to kill tumor cells. NK cells are responsive to the primary cytokine IL-2 in the tumor microenvironment (TME), to activate its effector functions against tumors. Despite their inherent ability to kill tumor cells, dysfunctional NK cells observed within advanced solid tumors are associated with poor patient survival. Hypoxia in the TME is a major contributor to immune evasion in solid tumors that could contribute to impaired NK cell function. HIF-1α is a nodal regulator of hypoxia in driving the adaptive cellular responses to changes in oxygen concentrations. Whether HIF-1α is expressed in hypoxic NK cells in the context of IL-2 and whether its expression regulates NK cell effector function are unclear. Here, we report that freshly isolated NK cells from human peripheral blood in hypoxia could not stabilize HIF-1α protein coincident with impaired anti-tumor cytotoxicity. However, ex vivo expansion of these cells restored HIF-1α levels in hypoxia to promote antitumor cytotoxic functions. Similarly, the human NK cell line NKL expressed HIF-1α upon IL-2 stimulation in hypoxia and exhibited improved anti-tumor cytotoxicity and IFN-γ secretion. We found that ex vivo expanded human NK cells and NKL cells required the concerted activation of PI3K/mTOR pathway initiated by IL-2 signaling in combination with hypoxia for HIF-1α stabilization. These findings highlight that HIF-1α stabilization in hypoxia maximizes NK cell effector function and raises the prospect of NK cells as ideal therapeutic candidates for solid tumors.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphocytes that are specialized to kill tumor cells. NK cells are responsive to the primary cytokine IL-2 in the tumor microenvironment (TME), to activate its effector functions against tumors. Despite their inherent ability to kill tumor cells, dysfunctional NK cells observed within advanced solid tumors are associated with poor patient survival. Hypoxia in the TME is a major contributor to immune evasion in solid tumors that could contribute to impaired NK cell function. HIF-1α is a nodal regulator of hypoxia in driving the adaptive cellular responses to changes in oxygen concentrations. Whether HIF-1α is expressed in hypoxic NK cells in the context of IL-2 and whether its expression regulates NK cell effector function are unclear. Here, we report that freshly isolated NK cells from human peripheral blood in hypoxia could not stabilize HIF-1α protein coincident with impaired anti-tumor cytotoxicity. However, ex vivo expansion of these cells restored HIF-1α levels in hypoxia to promote antitumor cytotoxic functions. Similarly, the human NK cell line NKL expressed HIF-1α upon IL-2 stimulation in hypoxia and exhibited improved anti-tumor cytotoxicity and IFN-γ secretion. We found that ex vivo expanded human NK cells and NKL cells required the concerted activation of PI3K/mTOR pathway initiated by IL-2 signaling in combination with hypoxia for HIF-1α stabilization. These findings highlight that HIF-1α stabilization in hypoxia maximizes NK cell effector function and raises the prospect of NK cells as ideal therapeutic candidates for solid tumors. |
Eaves, Emery R; II, Robert Trotter T; Marquez, Bonnie; Negron, Kayla; Doerry, Eck; Mensah, David; Compton-Gore, Kate A; Lanzetta, Shana A; Kruithoff, Kathryn; Dykman, Kaitlyn; Baldwin, Julie A Possibilities and constraints of rapid online ethnography: Lessons from a rapid assessment of COVID-19 policy for people who use drugs Journal Article Front. Sociol, 7 , 2022. @article{Eaves2022, title = {Possibilities and constraints of rapid online ethnography: Lessons from a rapid assessment of COVID-19 policy for people who use drugs}, author = {Emery R. Eaves and Robert T. Trotter II and Bonnie Marquez and Kayla Negron and Eck Doerry and David Mensah and Kate A. Compton-Gore and Shana A. Lanzetta and Kathryn Kruithoff and Kaitlyn Dykman and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.959642}, doi = {10.3389/fsoc.2022.959642}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-08-22}, journal = {Front. Sociol}, volume = {7}, abstract = {During the COVID-19 Pandemic, health care provision changed rapidly and funding became available to assess pandemic-related policy change. Research activities, however, were limited to contactless, online delivery. It was clear early on that some elements of online rapid ethnography were feasible and effective, while others would not approach traditional ethnographic depth. We conducted an online Rapid Assessment, Response, and Evaluation (RARE) project from August 2020 to September 2021 to understand how COVID-19 policy impacted people who use drugs. Our interdisciplinary research team conducted online ethnographic interviews and focus groups with 45 providers and community stakeholders, and 19 clients from rural and urban areas throughout Arizona. In addition, 26 webinars, online trainings, and virtual conferences focused on opioid policy and medication for opioid use disorders (MOUD) were opportunities to observe conversations among providers and program representatives about how best to implement policy changes, how to reach people in recovery, and what aspects of the changes should carry forward into better all-around opioid services in the future. Our RARE project was successful in collecting a range of providers' perspectives on both rural and urban implementation of take-home MOUDs as well as a wide view of national conversations, but client perspectives were limited to those who were not impacted by the policies and continued to attend in-person daily clinic visits. We describe challenges to online rapid ethnography and how online research may have allowed for an in-depth, but incomplete picture of how policy changes during COVID-19 policy affected people with opioid use disorders.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } During the COVID-19 Pandemic, health care provision changed rapidly and funding became available to assess pandemic-related policy change. Research activities, however, were limited to contactless, online delivery. It was clear early on that some elements of online rapid ethnography were feasible and effective, while others would not approach traditional ethnographic depth. We conducted an online Rapid Assessment, Response, and Evaluation (RARE) project from August 2020 to September 2021 to understand how COVID-19 policy impacted people who use drugs. Our interdisciplinary research team conducted online ethnographic interviews and focus groups with 45 providers and community stakeholders, and 19 clients from rural and urban areas throughout Arizona. In addition, 26 webinars, online trainings, and virtual conferences focused on opioid policy and medication for opioid use disorders (MOUD) were opportunities to observe conversations among providers and program representatives about how best to implement policy changes, how to reach people in recovery, and what aspects of the changes should carry forward into better all-around opioid services in the future. Our RARE project was successful in collecting a range of providers' perspectives on both rural and urban implementation of take-home MOUDs as well as a wide view of national conversations, but client perspectives were limited to those who were not impacted by the policies and continued to attend in-person daily clinic visits. We describe challenges to online rapid ethnography and how online research may have allowed for an in-depth, but incomplete picture of how policy changes during COVID-19 policy affected people with opioid use disorders. |
Mommaerts, Katherine; Lopez, Nanette V; Camplain, Carolyn; Keene, Chesleigh; Hale, Ashley Marie; Camplain, Ricky Nutrition Availability for Those Incarcerated in Jail: Implications for Mental Health Journal Article International Journal of Prisoner Health, 2022. @article{Mommaerts2022, title = {Nutrition Availability for Those Incarcerated in Jail: Implications for Mental Health}, author = {Katherine Mommaerts and Nanette V. Lopez and Carolyn Camplain and Chesleigh Keene and Ashley Marie Hale and Ricky Camplain }, url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPH-02-2022-0009}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-08-04}, journal = {International Journal of Prisoner Health}, abstract = {Using a seven-day cycle menu and commissary items at a rural county jail, this study aims to describe provisions of micronutrients known to be associated with mental health disorders and if they meet dietary guidelines. Menu mean values of Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C and zinc met DRI recommendations. However, Vitamin D (for men and women), magnesium (for men only) and omega-3s (for men only) did not meet the DRI recommendations. As deficits of Vitamin D, magnesium and omega-3s are known to exacerbate bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression, small changes to food would increase the offerings and potential intake of nutrients that may improve mental health.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Using a seven-day cycle menu and commissary items at a rural county jail, this study aims to describe provisions of micronutrients known to be associated with mental health disorders and if they meet dietary guidelines. Menu mean values of Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C and zinc met DRI recommendations. However, Vitamin D (for men and women), magnesium (for men only) and omega-3s (for men only) did not meet the DRI recommendations. As deficits of Vitamin D, magnesium and omega-3s are known to exacerbate bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression, small changes to food would increase the offerings and potential intake of nutrients that may improve mental health. |
Armin, Julie S; Williamson, Heather J; Begay, Andria; Etcitty, Jennifer; Attakai, Agnes; Russell, Kim; Baldwin, Julie A Adapting a Cancer Screening Education Program for Native American Women with Disabilities Journal Article Int J Environ Res Public Health, 19 (15), 2022. @article{Armin2022, title = {Adapting a Cancer Screening Education Program for Native American Women with Disabilities}, author = {Julie S. Armin and Heather J. Williamson and Andria Begay and Jennifer Etcitty and Agnes Attakai and Kim Russell and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9368495/}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph19159280}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-07-29}, journal = {Int J Environ Res Public Health}, volume = {19}, number = {15}, abstract = {Like other minoritized groups, people with disabilities experience lack of access to health care. People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), which are lifelong disabilities diagnosed in childhood requiring varying levels of support for completing daily activities, are less likely to receive preventive health care such as cancer screening. Furthermore, Native American women are less likely than White women to receive cancer screenings. In this qualitative research with Native American women with IDD, their caregivers, healthcare and service providers, and community leaders, we asked, “What are the influences on breast and cervical cancer screening for Native American women with IDD?” with the goal of adapting an existing cancer screening education program. Semi-structured in-depth interviews (N = 48) were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. Two coders used a constant comparative method to code and revise the a priori codebook with subthemes and new codes. Results highlighted individual, interpersonal, and community/institutional influences on screening, emphasizing the individual effects of social inequity on this population, the importance of ableist bias in recommending cancer screenings, and opportunities to integrate traditional ways of knowing with allopathic medicine. Results of this work were used to adapt a cancer screening education program for Native American women with IDD.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Like other minoritized groups, people with disabilities experience lack of access to health care. People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), which are lifelong disabilities diagnosed in childhood requiring varying levels of support for completing daily activities, are less likely to receive preventive health care such as cancer screening. Furthermore, Native American women are less likely than White women to receive cancer screenings. In this qualitative research with Native American women with IDD, their caregivers, healthcare and service providers, and community leaders, we asked, “What are the influences on breast and cervical cancer screening for Native American women with IDD?” with the goal of adapting an existing cancer screening education program. Semi-structured in-depth interviews (N = 48) were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. Two coders used a constant comparative method to code and revise the a priori codebook with subthemes and new codes. Results highlighted individual, interpersonal, and community/institutional influences on screening, emphasizing the individual effects of social inequity on this population, the importance of ableist bias in recommending cancer screenings, and opportunities to integrate traditional ways of knowing with allopathic medicine. Results of this work were used to adapt a cancer screening education program for Native American women with IDD. |
Rink, Elizabeth; Johnson, Olivia; Anastario, Michael; Firemoon, Paula; Peterson, Malory; Baldwin, Julie American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, 29 (2), pp. 32-48, 2022. @article{Rink2022b, title = {Adaptations Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Community-Based Participatory Research Randomized Control Trial Examining Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes among American Indian Youth}, author = {Elizabeth Rink and Olivia Johnson and Michael Anastario and Paula Firemoon and Malory Peterson and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35881980/}, doi = {10.5820/aian.2902.2022.32}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-07-29}, journal = {American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research}, volume = {29}, number = {2}, pages = {32-48}, abstract = {n this manuscript, we present changes in study design and analytical strategy due to the COVID-19 pandemic for Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo ("We Are Here Now," or NE). NE is a community-based participatory research multi-level randomized control trial using a stepped wedge design to address sexual and reproductive health disparities among American Indian youth. Adaptations in NE's research design, data collection, and analysis due to the COVID-19 pandemic were made based on meetings with tribally based research team members and outside non-Indigenous researchers involved in NE, as well as the study's Community Advisory Board and the Data Safety Monitoring Board. Based on these iterative discussions, decisions were made to: 1) reorganize the sequence of NE's stepped wedge design clusters, and 2) include additional quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis in the research design that specifically addressed the impact of COVID-19 on the research participants. These adaptations have the potential to foster greater scientific knowledge in understanding how to address unanticipated 3-way interaction effects in randomized control trials with tribal communities. Findings can also contribute to understanding how public health disasters impact sexual and reproductive health among American Indian youth.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } n this manuscript, we present changes in study design and analytical strategy due to the COVID-19 pandemic for Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo ("We Are Here Now," or NE). NE is a community-based participatory research multi-level randomized control trial using a stepped wedge design to address sexual and reproductive health disparities among American Indian youth. Adaptations in NE's research design, data collection, and analysis due to the COVID-19 pandemic were made based on meetings with tribally based research team members and outside non-Indigenous researchers involved in NE, as well as the study's Community Advisory Board and the Data Safety Monitoring Board. Based on these iterative discussions, decisions were made to: 1) reorganize the sequence of NE's stepped wedge design clusters, and 2) include additional quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis in the research design that specifically addressed the impact of COVID-19 on the research participants. These adaptations have the potential to foster greater scientific knowledge in understanding how to address unanticipated 3-way interaction effects in randomized control trials with tribal communities. Findings can also contribute to understanding how public health disasters impact sexual and reproductive health among American Indian youth. |
Pollitt, Amanda M; Blair, Karen L; Lannutti, Pamela J A review of two decades of LGBTQ-inclusive research in JSPR and PR Journal Article Journal of the International Association for Relationship Research, 30 (1), pp. 144-173, 2022. @article{Pollitt2022, title = {A review of two decades of LGBTQ-inclusive research in JSPR and PR}, author = {Amanda M. Pollitt and Karen L. Blair and Pamela J. Lannutti}, url = { https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12432}, doi = {10.1111/pere.12432}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-07-15}, journal = {Journal of the International Association for Relationship Research}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, pages = {144-173}, abstract = {The field of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) relationship science has grown significantly over the past two decades, coinciding with rapid changes in the social acceptance of LGBTQ+ people. However, it is unclear to what extent the top two journals in relationship science, the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships and Personal Relationships, have contributed to the field. In this critical review, we analyzed the 2181 manuscripts published in the journals between 2002 and 2021 for whether they included or excluded LGBTQ+ participants, the methodologies used to analyze their data, and their conclusions about LGBTQ+ lives and relationships. The overwhelming majority (85.8%) of manuscripts did not acknowledge LGBTQ+ relationships; however, there have been improvements compared to past research in retaining LGBTQ+ participants within a data set when they were present. We identified 92 manuscripts that contributed to knowledge about LGBTQ+ lives or relationships. We discuss the lack of intersectional analyses and methodological challenges of incorporating multiple forms of diversity within quantitative research. Overarching themes across manuscript content included minority stress, relationship formation, social support, and commitment. Overall, though the research in the two journals has contributed to the literature on LGBTQ+ relationships, our review suggests that scholars do not consider these two journals as a first choice for finding or publishing LGBTQ+ relationship science}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The field of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) relationship science has grown significantly over the past two decades, coinciding with rapid changes in the social acceptance of LGBTQ+ people. However, it is unclear to what extent the top two journals in relationship science, the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships and Personal Relationships, have contributed to the field. In this critical review, we analyzed the 2181 manuscripts published in the journals between 2002 and 2021 for whether they included or excluded LGBTQ+ participants, the methodologies used to analyze their data, and their conclusions about LGBTQ+ lives and relationships. The overwhelming majority (85.8%) of manuscripts did not acknowledge LGBTQ+ relationships; however, there have been improvements compared to past research in retaining LGBTQ+ participants within a data set when they were present. We identified 92 manuscripts that contributed to knowledge about LGBTQ+ lives or relationships. We discuss the lack of intersectional analyses and methodological challenges of incorporating multiple forms of diversity within quantitative research. Overarching themes across manuscript content included minority stress, relationship formation, social support, and commitment. Overall, though the research in the two journals has contributed to the literature on LGBTQ+ relationships, our review suggests that scholars do not consider these two journals as a first choice for finding or publishing LGBTQ+ relationship science |