Center for Community Health and Engaged Research (CHER) publications
Faculty and staff publications
NAU faculty and staff have the opportunity to publish their findings and knowledge as authors. CHER has many researchers that have been cited multiple times in major publications for their great work. We have accumulated all faculty publications into one, easy to navigate database.
Clausen, Rebecca J; Chief, Carmenlita; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Begay, Manley A; Jr., Perry Charley H; Beamer, Paloma I; Anako, Nnenna; Chief, Karletta Diné-centered research reframes the Gold King Mine Spill: Understanding social and spiritual impacts across space and time Journal Article ScienceDirect, 97 , pp. 449-457, 2023. @article{Clausen2023, title = {Diné-centered research reframes the Gold King Mine Spill: Understanding social and spiritual impacts across space and time}, author = {Rebecca J. Clausen and Carmenlita Chief and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone and Manley A. Begay and Perry H. Charley Jr. and Paloma I. Beamer and Nnenna Anako and Karletta Chief}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016722003217}, doi = {10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.12.021}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-01}, journal = {ScienceDirect}, volume = {97}, pages = {449-457}, abstract = {This paper explores how Indigenous-led research reframes the impacts and response to environmental disasters in the context of acid mine spills in rural communities of the Southwest United States. The collaborative research project addressing the Gold King Mine Spill (GKMS) designed qualitative methodologies that center Indigenous worldviews and contribute to broader understandings of environmental justice. The research team, led by Diné scholars and community leaders, gathered qualitative responses from 123 adult participants in twelve focus groups from three rural communities on the Navajo Nation. The project incorporated fluent Diné speakers and cultural consultants to lead focus groups in a manner consistent with cultural worldviews. The analysis of the focus group data resulted in original findings that reframe previous understandings of environmental harm by broadening the boundaries to include: 1) social relations across time; 2) social relations across space; 3) spiritual relations; and 4) restoring balance. The findings allow for greater insight into the colonial context of disaster on rural and Indigenous lands and confronts colonial-rooted disasters through Indigenous-informed political action.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper explores how Indigenous-led research reframes the impacts and response to environmental disasters in the context of acid mine spills in rural communities of the Southwest United States. The collaborative research project addressing the Gold King Mine Spill (GKMS) designed qualitative methodologies that center Indigenous worldviews and contribute to broader understandings of environmental justice. The research team, led by Diné scholars and community leaders, gathered qualitative responses from 123 adult participants in twelve focus groups from three rural communities on the Navajo Nation. The project incorporated fluent Diné speakers and cultural consultants to lead focus groups in a manner consistent with cultural worldviews. The analysis of the focus group data resulted in original findings that reframe previous understandings of environmental harm by broadening the boundaries to include: 1) social relations across time; 2) social relations across space; 3) spiritual relations; and 4) restoring balance. The findings allow for greater insight into the colonial context of disaster on rural and Indigenous lands and confronts colonial-rooted disasters through Indigenous-informed political action. |
Willeto, Angela A A; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Barger, Steven D; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I "If you're down, you know, get up, be proud of yourself, go forward": Exploring Urban Southwest American Indian Individual Resilience Journal Article American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research, 30 (1), pp. 53-81, 2023. @article{Willeto2023, title = {"If you're down, you know, get up, be proud of yourself, go forward": Exploring Urban Southwest American Indian Individual Resilience}, author = {Angela A. A. Willeto and Priscilla R. Sanderson and Steven D Barger and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://europepmc.org/article/med/37027500}, doi = {10.5820/aian.3001.2023.53}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-01}, journal = {American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, pages = {53-81}, abstract = {The diverse American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population suffers health inequities perpetuated by colonialism and post-colonialism. The urban AI/AN population is steadily increasing in part because of federal policies relocating AI/AN away from tribal lands. However, studies of AI/AN urban communities are rare, and efforts to understand and ameliorate health inequities in AI/AN communities typically emphasize deficits rather than capacities. Resilience is an important resource in this context but mainstream, rather than community-derived definitions of resilience, predominate. The present study used multi-investigator consensus analysis in a qualitative study to identify urban American Indian (AI) derived concepts and construct a definition of resilience. The study included 25 AI adults in four focus groups in three urban locales in the southwestern United States. Four resilience themes emerged: 1) AIs built strength through toughness and wisdom; 2) the value of traditional 'lifeways' (i.e., elements of traditional culture that help people navigate their journey through life); 3) the importance of giving and receiving help; and 4) the interconnectedness of Native lifeways, family relationships, and tribal and urban communities. Themes overlap with extant resilience conceptualizations but also provide unique insights into structure and function of urban AI resilience in the Southwest United States.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The diverse American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population suffers health inequities perpetuated by colonialism and post-colonialism. The urban AI/AN population is steadily increasing in part because of federal policies relocating AI/AN away from tribal lands. However, studies of AI/AN urban communities are rare, and efforts to understand and ameliorate health inequities in AI/AN communities typically emphasize deficits rather than capacities. Resilience is an important resource in this context but mainstream, rather than community-derived definitions of resilience, predominate. The present study used multi-investigator consensus analysis in a qualitative study to identify urban American Indian (AI) derived concepts and construct a definition of resilience. The study included 25 AI adults in four focus groups in three urban locales in the southwestern United States. Four resilience themes emerged: 1) AIs built strength through toughness and wisdom; 2) the value of traditional 'lifeways' (i.e., elements of traditional culture that help people navigate their journey through life); 3) the importance of giving and receiving help; and 4) the interconnectedness of Native lifeways, family relationships, and tribal and urban communities. Themes overlap with extant resilience conceptualizations but also provide unique insights into structure and function of urban AI resilience in the Southwest United States. |
Lee, Michele S; Diaz, Monica L; Bassford, Tamsen L; Armin, Julie S; Williamson, Heather J Providing Equitable Access to Health Care for Individuals with Disabilities: An Important Challenge for Medical Education Journal Article HPHR, 44 , 2022. @article{Lee2022, title = {Providing Equitable Access to Health Care for Individuals with Disabilities: An Important Challenge for Medical Education}, author = { Michele S. Lee and Monica L. Diaz and Tamsen L. Bassford and Julie S. Armin and Heather J. Williamson}, url = {https://hphr.org/44-article-lee/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-29}, journal = {HPHR}, volume = {44}, abstract = {In a recent national survey, over 50% of physicians reported not feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities. This finding is troubling as physicians are required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) to ensure their practice is accessible to individuals with disabilities. This commentary addresses the need for including disability in medical education and to provide inclusive and quality care for individuals with disabilities. We offer four recommendations to enhance medical school curricula that would educate medical students to provide equitable health services to individuals with disabilities: 1) embed disability training throughout medical education; 2) educate medical students to recognize multiple models of disability; 3) include education and experience with universal design and supported decision-making; and 4) include individuals with all types of disabilities in medical education. Including disability education for medical students should better prepare future physicians for feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In a recent national survey, over 50% of physicians reported not feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities. This finding is troubling as physicians are required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) to ensure their practice is accessible to individuals with disabilities. This commentary addresses the need for including disability in medical education and to provide inclusive and quality care for individuals with disabilities. We offer four recommendations to enhance medical school curricula that would educate medical students to provide equitable health services to individuals with disabilities: 1) embed disability training throughout medical education; 2) educate medical students to recognize multiple models of disability; 3) include education and experience with universal design and supported decision-making; and 4) include individuals with all types of disabilities in medical education. Including disability education for medical students should better prepare future physicians for feeling confident in their ability to provide care to individuals with disabilities. |
Sears, Grant; Tutt, Marissa; Sabo, Samantha; Lee, Naomi; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette; Baca, Anthony; Bennett, Marianne; Nashio, Neva J T; Flores, Fernando; Baldwin, Julie Building Trust and Awareness to Increase AZ Native Nation Participation in COVID-19 Vaccines Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (1), pp. 31, 2022. @article{Sears2022, title = {Building Trust and Awareness to Increase AZ Native Nation Participation in COVID-19 Vaccines}, author = {Grant Sears and Marissa Tutt and Samantha Sabo and Naomi Lee and Nicolette Teufel-Shone and Anthony Baca and Marianne Bennett and J. T. Neva Nashio and Fernando Flores and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010031}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20010031}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-20}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {31}, abstract = {The goal of this study was to establish effective, culturally appropriate strategies to enhance participation of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities in prevention and treatment of COVID-19, including vaccine uptake. Thirteen Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from three Arizona Native nations tailored education materials to each community. CHRs delivered the intervention to over 160 community members and administered a pre-posttest to assess trusted sources of information, knowledge, and self-efficacy and intention regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Based on pre-posttest results, doctors/healthcare providers and CHRs were the most trusted health messengers for COVID-19 information; contacts on social media, the state and federal governments, and mainstream news were among the least trusted. Almost two-thirds of respondents felt the education session was relevant to their community and culture, and more than half reported using the education materials to talk to a family member or friend about getting vaccinated. About 67% trusted the COVID-19 information provided and 74% trusted the CHR providing the information. Culturally and locally relevant COVID-19 vaccine information was welcomed and used by community members to advocate for vaccination. The materials and education provided by CHRs were viewed as helpful and emphasized the trust and influence CHRs have in their communities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The goal of this study was to establish effective, culturally appropriate strategies to enhance participation of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities in prevention and treatment of COVID-19, including vaccine uptake. Thirteen Community Health Representatives (CHRs) from three Arizona Native nations tailored education materials to each community. CHRs delivered the intervention to over 160 community members and administered a pre-posttest to assess trusted sources of information, knowledge, and self-efficacy and intention regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Based on pre-posttest results, doctors/healthcare providers and CHRs were the most trusted health messengers for COVID-19 information; contacts on social media, the state and federal governments, and mainstream news were among the least trusted. Almost two-thirds of respondents felt the education session was relevant to their community and culture, and more than half reported using the education materials to talk to a family member or friend about getting vaccinated. About 67% trusted the COVID-19 information provided and 74% trusted the CHR providing the information. Culturally and locally relevant COVID-19 vaccine information was welcomed and used by community members to advocate for vaccination. The materials and education provided by CHRs were viewed as helpful and emphasized the trust and influence CHRs have in their communities. |
Ozis, Fethiye; Parks, Shannon Lynn Isovitsch; Sills, Deborah Lynne; Akca, Mustafa; Kirby, Christine Teaching sustainability: does style matter? Journal Article International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 23 (8), pp. 194-210, 2022, ISBN: 1467-6370. @article{Ozis2022, title = {Teaching sustainability: does style matter?}, author = {Fethiye Ozis and Shannon Lynn Isovitsch Parks and Deborah Lynne Sills and Mustafa Akca and Christine Kirby}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSHE-09-2021-0392}, isbn = {1467-6370}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-19}, journal = {International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education}, volume = {23}, number = {8}, pages = {194-210}, abstract = {This paper aims to analyze how a tangram activity improved students’ abilities to explain sustainability, articulate a positive perception of sustainable design and relate sustainability with innovation in engineering design. The concept of paradigm shift was introduced in the classroom by using a tangram activity to help students understand that sustainable design requires out-of-the-box thinking. Instructors from three institutions teaching various levels of sustainability courses to engineering majors used the activity to introduce sustainable design, then measured the understanding and appreciation of the concepts introduced through the tangram activity with pre- and post-activity surveys. Findings from the study indicate that students’ perceptions of sustainability significantly improved due to the activity, without regard to the institution. The activity also significantly improved students understanding of the connection between sustainability and innovation, across all three institutions, across all majors and across all years of study except second-year students. Improving engineering students’ views on sustainability may lead, over time, to changes in the industry, in which environmental performance is incorporated into the engineering design process.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper aims to analyze how a tangram activity improved students’ abilities to explain sustainability, articulate a positive perception of sustainable design and relate sustainability with innovation in engineering design. The concept of paradigm shift was introduced in the classroom by using a tangram activity to help students understand that sustainable design requires out-of-the-box thinking. Instructors from three institutions teaching various levels of sustainability courses to engineering majors used the activity to introduce sustainable design, then measured the understanding and appreciation of the concepts introduced through the tangram activity with pre- and post-activity surveys. Findings from the study indicate that students’ perceptions of sustainability significantly improved due to the activity, without regard to the institution. The activity also significantly improved students understanding of the connection between sustainability and innovation, across all three institutions, across all majors and across all years of study except second-year students. Improving engineering students’ views on sustainability may lead, over time, to changes in the industry, in which environmental performance is incorporated into the engineering design process. |
Bosch, Pamela Rogers; Barr, Dawn; Roy, Indrakshi; Fabricant, Maximillian; Mann, Audrey; Mangone, Elizabeth; Karmarkar, Amol; Kumar, Amit Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke Journal Article Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation, 100251 , 2022, ISSN: 2590-1095. @article{Bosch2022b, title = {Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke}, author = {Pamela Rogers Bosch and Dawn Barr and Indrakshi Roy and Maximillian Fabricant and Audrey Mann and Elizabeth Mangone and Amol Karmarkar and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, doi = {10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251}, issn = {2590-1095}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-17}, journal = {Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation}, volume = {100251}, abstract = {The objective of this study was to examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation following a stroke. Design Secondary analysis of data extracted from electronic health records linked with the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. Setting Three hospital-based inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) in a major metropolitan area. Participants 1,397 adult patients (mean (SD) age: 69.4 (13.5); 724 males) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measure Community discharge from IRF. Results 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (OR=7.80, 95% CI: 5.03 – 12.10 and OR= 4.89, 95% CI: 3.16 – 7.57 respectively). Conclusion Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The objective of this study was to examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation following a stroke. Design Secondary analysis of data extracted from electronic health records linked with the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. Setting Three hospital-based inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) in a major metropolitan area. Participants 1,397 adult patients (mean (SD) age: 69.4 (13.5); 724 males) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measure Community discharge from IRF. Results 82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (OR=7.80, 95% CI: 5.03 – 12.10 and OR= 4.89, 95% CI: 3.16 – 7.57 respectively). Conclusion Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge. |
Tutt, Marissa; Begay, Chassity; George, Shawndeena; Dickerson, Christopher; Kahn, Carmella; Bauer, Mark; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette Frontiers in Public Health, 10 , 2022. @article{Tutt2022, title = {Diné teachings and public health students informing peers and relatives about vaccine education: Providing Diné (Navajo)-centered COVID-19 education materials using student health messengers}, author = {Marissa Tutt and Chassity Begay and Shawndeena George and Christopher Dickerson and Carmella Kahn and Mark Bauer and Nicolette Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1046634/full}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.1046634}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-14}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {10}, abstract = {On 9 April 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that only 19. 9% of United States (US) adults were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. In that same week, the Navajo Nation (NN) reported that 37.4% of residents were fully vaccinated, making the NN a leader in the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Despite high vaccination rates, vaccine hesitancy exists within the NN. The Diné (Navajo) Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) intervention was designed to utilize trusted health messengers as an effective means to address adults' vaccine concerns and hesitancy.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } On 9 April 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that only 19. 9% of United States (US) adults were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. In that same week, the Navajo Nation (NN) reported that 37.4% of residents were fully vaccinated, making the NN a leader in the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Despite high vaccination rates, vaccine hesitancy exists within the NN. The Diné (Navajo) Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) intervention was designed to utilize trusted health messengers as an effective means to address adults' vaccine concerns and hesitancy. |
Lininger, Monica R; Kirby, Christine; Laurila, Kelly A; Roy, Indrakshi; Coder, Marcelle; Propper, Catherine R; II, Robert Trotter T; Baldwin, Julie A Building Research Infrastructure: The Development of a Technical Assistance Group-Service Center at an RCMI Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20 (1), pp. 191, 2022. @article{Lininger2022, title = {Building Research Infrastructure: The Development of a Technical Assistance Group-Service Center at an RCMI}, author = {Monica R. Lininger and Christine Kirby and Kelly A. Laurila and Indrakshi Roy and Marcelle Coder and Catherine R. Propper and Robert T. Trotter II and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010191}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph20010191}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-07}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {191}, abstract = {As one of the Research Centers for Minority Institutions (RCMI), the Southwest Health Equity Research Collaborative (SHERC) worked over the first five-year period of funding to foster the advancement of Early Stage Investigators, enhance the quality of health disparities research, and increase institution research capacity in basic Biomedical, Behavioral, and/or Clinical research; all priorities of RCMIs. In year 4, the Technical Assistance Group-Service Center (TAG-SC) was created to help achieve these goals. The TAG-SC provides one-on-one investigator project development support, including research design, data capture, and analysis. Successful implementation of the TAG-SC was tracked using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), a secure, web-based software platform allowing for immediate tracking and evaluation processes. In the first two years, 86 tickets were submitted through the REDCap system for methodological support by TAG-SC experts (faculty and staff) for assistance with health-equity related research, primarily SHERC and externally funded Social/Behavioral research projects. The TAG-SC increased the research capacity for investigators, especially within the SHERC. In this manuscript, we describe the methods used to create the TAG-SC and the REDCap tracking system and lessons learned, which can help other RCMIs interested in creating a similar service center offering an innovative way to build methodological infrastructure.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As one of the Research Centers for Minority Institutions (RCMI), the Southwest Health Equity Research Collaborative (SHERC) worked over the first five-year period of funding to foster the advancement of Early Stage Investigators, enhance the quality of health disparities research, and increase institution research capacity in basic Biomedical, Behavioral, and/or Clinical research; all priorities of RCMIs. In year 4, the Technical Assistance Group-Service Center (TAG-SC) was created to help achieve these goals. The TAG-SC provides one-on-one investigator project development support, including research design, data capture, and analysis. Successful implementation of the TAG-SC was tracked using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), a secure, web-based software platform allowing for immediate tracking and evaluation processes. In the first two years, 86 tickets were submitted through the REDCap system for methodological support by TAG-SC experts (faculty and staff) for assistance with health-equity related research, primarily SHERC and externally funded Social/Behavioral research projects. The TAG-SC increased the research capacity for investigators, especially within the SHERC. In this manuscript, we describe the methods used to create the TAG-SC and the REDCap tracking system and lessons learned, which can help other RCMIs interested in creating a similar service center offering an innovative way to build methodological infrastructure. |
Bea, Jennifer W; Charley, Brenda; Lane, Taylor; Kinslow, Brian; de Heer, Hendrik 'Dirk'; Yazzie, Etta; Yellowhair, Janet; Hudson, Jennifer; Wertheim, Betsy C; Schwartz, Anna L Sage Journals, 2022. @article{Bea2022, title = {Formative Evaluation and Adaptation of a Navajo Cancer Survivor Physical Activity Intervention to Serve a Broader Native American Cancer Survivor Community}, author = {Jennifer W Bea and Brenda Charley and Taylor Lane and Brian Kinslow and Hendrik 'Dirk' de Heer and Etta Yazzie and Janet Yellowhair and Jennifer Hudson and Betsy C Wertheim and Anna L Schwartz}, doi = {10.1177/15248399221131318}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-26}, journal = {Sage Journals}, abstract = {Background Although exercise has been shown to improve cancer survivorship in other communities, cancer exercise studies among Native American communities are rare. We sought to adapt a Navajo-tailored cancer exercise pilot program to serve a broader Native American cancer community. Methods Tribal experts representing 10 different Tribal Nations were engaged in small focus groups (n=2–4) to assess program materials for cultural appropriateness and adaptation to expand tribal inclusiveness. Facilitated by a trained Native American interviewer, focus groups were provided a primer survey and then reviewed intervention materials (protocols, incentives, logo, flyers, etc.). Consensus was reached by the research team on all program adaptations. Results The program name, Restoring Balance, layout, graphics, and symbols were considered culturally appropriate overall. Program exercises and biomarker measurements were viewed as valuable to health improvements in the community. Important color, linguistic, and logistic program modifications were recommended to improve cultural alignment. The order of incentive items was revised to highlight restoration and the logo rotated to align with the four corners of the earth, an important cultural element. Linguistic modifications primarily related to prior traumatic research experiences in Native American communities where data had been taken without adequate community benefit or permission. Program emphasis should be on nurturing, added value and giving. Conclusion and Relevance The methodology used for cultural expert review was successful in eliciting adaptations to expand the tribal inclusiveness of Restoring Balance. Culture, as well as historically traumatic research experiences, among Native American populations must be considered when adapting health promotion programming.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Although exercise has been shown to improve cancer survivorship in other communities, cancer exercise studies among Native American communities are rare. We sought to adapt a Navajo-tailored cancer exercise pilot program to serve a broader Native American cancer community. Methods Tribal experts representing 10 different Tribal Nations were engaged in small focus groups (n=2–4) to assess program materials for cultural appropriateness and adaptation to expand tribal inclusiveness. Facilitated by a trained Native American interviewer, focus groups were provided a primer survey and then reviewed intervention materials (protocols, incentives, logo, flyers, etc.). Consensus was reached by the research team on all program adaptations. Results The program name, Restoring Balance, layout, graphics, and symbols were considered culturally appropriate overall. Program exercises and biomarker measurements were viewed as valuable to health improvements in the community. Important color, linguistic, and logistic program modifications were recommended to improve cultural alignment. The order of incentive items was revised to highlight restoration and the logo rotated to align with the four corners of the earth, an important cultural element. Linguistic modifications primarily related to prior traumatic research experiences in Native American communities where data had been taken without adequate community benefit or permission. Program emphasis should be on nurturing, added value and giving. Conclusion and Relevance The methodology used for cultural expert review was successful in eliciting adaptations to expand the tribal inclusiveness of Restoring Balance. Culture, as well as historically traumatic research experiences, among Native American populations must be considered when adapting health promotion programming. |
Eddie, Regina; Curley, Caleigh; Yazzie, Del; Francisco, Simental; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Begay, Gloria Ann; Sanderson, Priscilla R; George, Carmen; Shin, Sonya; Jumbo-Rintila, Shirleen; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette; Baldwin, Julie; de Heer, Hendrik “Dirk” Practicing Tribal Sovereignty Through a Tribal Health Policy: Implementation of the Healthy Diné Nation Act on the Navajo Nation Journal Article Preventing Chronic Disease, 19 (220106), 2022. @article{Eddie2022, title = {Practicing Tribal Sovereignty Through a Tribal Health Policy: Implementation of the Healthy Diné Nation Act on the Navajo Nation}, author = {Regina Eddie and Caleigh Curley and Del Yazzie and Simental Francisco and Ramona Antone-Nez and Gloria Ann Begay and Priscilla R. Sanderson and Carmen George and Sonya Shin and Shirleen Jumbo-Rintila and Nicolette Teufel-Shone and Julie Baldwin and Hendrik “Dirk” de Heer}, url = {https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2022/22_0106.htm}, doi = {10.5888/pcd19.220106}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-23}, journal = {Preventing Chronic Disease}, volume = {19}, number = {220106}, abstract = {The Navajo Nation is a large sovereign tribal nation. After several years of grassroots efforts and overcoming an initial presidential veto, the Navajo Nation passed the Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) in 2014 to promote healthy behaviors in Navajo communities. This was the first such policy in the US and in any sovereign tribal nation worldwide.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Navajo Nation is a large sovereign tribal nation. After several years of grassroots efforts and overcoming an initial presidential veto, the Navajo Nation passed the Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) in 2014 to promote healthy behaviors in Navajo communities. This was the first such policy in the US and in any sovereign tribal nation worldwide. |
Henson, Sierra N; Elko, Evan A; Swiderski, Piotr M; Liang, Yong; Engelbrektson, Anna L; Piña, Alejandra; Boyle, Annalee S; Fink, Zane; Facista, Salvatore J; Martinez, Vidal; Rahee, Fatima; Brown, Annabelle; Kelley, Erin J; Nelson, Georgia A; Raspet, Isaiah; Mead, Heather L; Altin, John A; Ladner, Jason T PepSeq: a fully in vitro platform for highly multiplexed serology using customizable DNA-barcoded peptide libraries Journal Article Nature Protocols, 18 , pp. 396–423, 2022. @article{Henson2022, title = {PepSeq: a fully in vitro platform for highly multiplexed serology using customizable DNA-barcoded peptide libraries}, author = {Sierra N. Henson and Evan A. Elko and Piotr M. Swiderski and Yong Liang and Anna L. Engelbrektson and Alejandra Piña and Annalee S. Boyle and Zane Fink and Salvatore J. Facista and Vidal Martinez and Fatima Rahee and Annabelle Brown and Erin J. Kelley and Georgia A. Nelson and Isaiah Raspet and Heather L. Mead and John A. Altin and Jason T. Ladner}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-022-00766-8}, doi = {10.1038/s41596-022-00766-8}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-16}, journal = {Nature Protocols}, volume = {18}, pages = {396–423}, abstract = {PepSeq is an in vitro platform for building and conducting highly multiplexed proteomic assays against customizable targets by using DNA-barcoded peptides. Starting with a pool of DNA oligonucleotides encoding peptides of interest, this protocol outlines a fully in vitro and massively parallel procedure for synthesizing the encoded peptides and covalently linking each to a corresponding cDNA tag. The resulting libraries of peptide/DNA conjugates can be used for highly multiplexed assays that leverage high-throughput sequencing to profile the binding or enzymatic specificities of proteins of interest. Here, we describe the implementation of PepSeq for fast and cost-effective epitope-level analysis of antibody reactivity across hundreds of thousands of peptides from <1 µl of serum or plasma input. This protocol includes the design of the DNA oligonucleotide library, synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide constructs, binding of constructs to sample, preparation for sequencing and data analysis. Implemented in this way, PepSeq can be used for a number of applications, including fine-scale mapping of antibody epitopes and determining a subject’s pathogen exposure history. The protocol is divided into two main sections: (i) design and synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide libraries and (ii) use of libraries for highly multiplexed serology. Once oligonucleotide templates are in hand, library synthesis takes 1–2 weeks and can provide enough material for hundreds to thousands of assays. Serological assays can be conducted in 96-well plates and generate sequencing data within a further ~4 d. A suite of software tools, including the PepSIRF package, are made available to facilitate the design of PepSeq libraries and analysis of assay data.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } PepSeq is an in vitro platform for building and conducting highly multiplexed proteomic assays against customizable targets by using DNA-barcoded peptides. Starting with a pool of DNA oligonucleotides encoding peptides of interest, this protocol outlines a fully in vitro and massively parallel procedure for synthesizing the encoded peptides and covalently linking each to a corresponding cDNA tag. The resulting libraries of peptide/DNA conjugates can be used for highly multiplexed assays that leverage high-throughput sequencing to profile the binding or enzymatic specificities of proteins of interest. Here, we describe the implementation of PepSeq for fast and cost-effective epitope-level analysis of antibody reactivity across hundreds of thousands of peptides from <1 µl of serum or plasma input. This protocol includes the design of the DNA oligonucleotide library, synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide constructs, binding of constructs to sample, preparation for sequencing and data analysis. Implemented in this way, PepSeq can be used for a number of applications, including fine-scale mapping of antibody epitopes and determining a subject’s pathogen exposure history. The protocol is divided into two main sections: (i) design and synthesis of DNA-barcoded peptide libraries and (ii) use of libraries for highly multiplexed serology. Once oligonucleotide templates are in hand, library synthesis takes 1–2 weeks and can provide enough material for hundreds to thousands of assays. Serological assays can be conducted in 96-well plates and generate sequencing data within a further ~4 d. A suite of software tools, including the PepSIRF package, are made available to facilitate the design of PepSeq libraries and analysis of assay data. |
Tsosie, Shepherd; Petillo, Michael Searching for Our Two-Spirit Relations in Evaluation by Shepherd Tsosie and Michael Petillo Journal Article AEA365, 2022. @article{Tsosie2022, title = {Searching for Our Two-Spirit Relations in Evaluation by Shepherd Tsosie and Michael Petillo}, author = {Shepherd Tsosie and Michael Petillo}, url = {https://aea365.org/blog/ipe-tig-week-searching-for-our-two-spirit-relations-in-evaluation-by-shepherd-tsosie-and-michael-petillo/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-15}, journal = {AEA365}, abstract = {Hi, we’re Shepherd Tsosie (they/them) (Diné), an Independent Researcher living and working on the traditional territories of the Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation; and Michael Petillo (he/him or they/them), Principal Consultant for CES Partnership and Senior Research Coordinator at the Center for Health Equity Research of Northern Arizona University, which includes or touches on Ndee/Nnēē, Diné, Havasupai, Hohokam/O’odham, Hopitutskwa, Hualapai, Pueblos, and Shiwinna territories and sacred homelands. We’re honored to be part of the IPE TIG’s blog week.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Hi, we’re Shepherd Tsosie (they/them) (Diné), an Independent Researcher living and working on the traditional territories of the Occaneechi Band of the Saponi Nation; and Michael Petillo (he/him or they/them), Principal Consultant for CES Partnership and Senior Research Coordinator at the Center for Health Equity Research of Northern Arizona University, which includes or touches on Ndee/Nnēē, Diné, Havasupai, Hohokam/O’odham, Hopitutskwa, Hualapai, Pueblos, and Shiwinna territories and sacred homelands. We’re honored to be part of the IPE TIG’s blog week. |
John, Brianna; Etsitty, Sean O; Greenfeld, Alex; Alsburg, Robert; Egge, Malyssa; Sandman, Sharon; George, Carmen; Curley, Caleigh; Curley, Cameron; Heer, Hendrik De D; Begay, Gloria; Ashley, Martin E; Yazzie, Del; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Shin, Sonya Sunhi; Bancroft, Carolyn Navajo Nation Stores Show Resilience During COVID-19 Pandemic Journal Article SOPHE, 23 (1), 2022. @article{John2022, title = {Navajo Nation Stores Show Resilience During COVID-19 Pandemic}, author = {Brianna John and Sean O. Etsitty and Alex Greenfeld and Robert Alsburg and Malyssa Egge and Sharon Sandman and Carmen George and Caleigh Curley and Cameron Curley and Hendrik D. De Heer and Gloria Begay and Martin E. Ashley and Del Yazzie and Ramona Antone-Nez and Sonya Sunhi Shin and Carolyn Bancroft}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/15248399221118393}, doi = {10.1177/15248399221118393}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-14}, journal = {SOPHE}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, abstract = {On April 8, 2020, the Navajo Nation issued an administrative order limiting business operations. Facing high coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rates and limited food infrastructure, a survey was conducted among Navajo Nation store managers to assess: (1) COVID-19 adaptations; (2) challenges; (3) changes in customer volume and purchasing; and (4) suggestions for additional support. Purposive sampling identified 29 stores in Navajo communities. Representatives from 20 stores (19 store managers/owners, 1 other; 7 grocery, and 13 convenience/other stores) were interviewed by phone or in-person to reach saturation (new information threshold < 5%). Responses were coded using frequencies and inductive thematic analysis. All 20 stores implemented COVID-19 guidelines (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]/Navajo Nation) and most received orientation/support from local chapters, community organizations, or health centers. Stores implemented staff policies (50%, handwashing, vaccinations, protective personal equipment (PPE), sick leave, temperature checks), environmental changes (50%, hand sanitizer, checkout dividers), customer protocols (40%, limit customers, mask requirements, closed restrooms), and deep cleaning (40%). Most stores (65%) reported challenges including stress/anxiety, changing guidelines, supply chain and customer compliance; 30% reported infection or loss of staff. Weekday customer volume was slightly higher vs. pre-COVID, but weekend lower. Stores reported consistent or more healthy food purchases (50%), more nonfood essentials (20%), or shelf-stable foods (10%). Desired support included further orientation (30%), leadership support (20%), overtime/time to learn guidelines (20%), and signage/handouts (15%). Despite a high COVID-19 burden and limited food store infrastructure, Navajo Nation stores adapted by implementing staff, environmental and customer policies. Local support, staffing, and small store offerings were key factors in healthy food access.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } On April 8, 2020, the Navajo Nation issued an administrative order limiting business operations. Facing high coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rates and limited food infrastructure, a survey was conducted among Navajo Nation store managers to assess: (1) COVID-19 adaptations; (2) challenges; (3) changes in customer volume and purchasing; and (4) suggestions for additional support. Purposive sampling identified 29 stores in Navajo communities. Representatives from 20 stores (19 store managers/owners, 1 other; 7 grocery, and 13 convenience/other stores) were interviewed by phone or in-person to reach saturation (new information threshold < 5%). Responses were coded using frequencies and inductive thematic analysis. All 20 stores implemented COVID-19 guidelines (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]/Navajo Nation) and most received orientation/support from local chapters, community organizations, or health centers. Stores implemented staff policies (50%, handwashing, vaccinations, protective personal equipment (PPE), sick leave, temperature checks), environmental changes (50%, hand sanitizer, checkout dividers), customer protocols (40%, limit customers, mask requirements, closed restrooms), and deep cleaning (40%). Most stores (65%) reported challenges including stress/anxiety, changing guidelines, supply chain and customer compliance; 30% reported infection or loss of staff. Weekday customer volume was slightly higher vs. pre-COVID, but weekend lower. Stores reported consistent or more healthy food purchases (50%), more nonfood essentials (20%), or shelf-stable foods (10%). Desired support included further orientation (30%), leadership support (20%), overtime/time to learn guidelines (20%), and signage/handouts (15%). Despite a high COVID-19 burden and limited food store infrastructure, Navajo Nation stores adapted by implementing staff, environmental and customer policies. Local support, staffing, and small store offerings were key factors in healthy food access. |
Baldwin, Julie A; A, Alvarado; K, Jarratt-Snider; A, Hunter; C, Keene; A, Castagno; A, Ali-Joseph; J, Roddy; Jr, Begay M; Joseph D, Goldtooth C; C, Camplain; M, Smith; K, McCue; A, Begay; N, Teufel-Shone Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study Journal Article JMIR Publications, 2022. @article{Baldwin2022, title = {Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study}, author = {Julie A. Baldwin and Alvarado A and Jarratt-Snider K and Hunter A and Keene C and Castagno A and Ali-Joseph A and Roddy J and Begay M Jr and Joseph D, Goldtooth C and Camplain C and Smith M and McCue K and Begay A and Teufel-Shone N}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366048977_Understanding_Resilience_and_Mental_Wellbeing_in_Southwest_Indigenous_Nations_and_the_Impact_of_COVID-19_Protocol_for_a_Mixed-Methods_Study_Preprint}, doi = {10.2196/preprints.44727}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-09}, journal = {JMIR Publications}, abstract = {Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. OBJECTIVE Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. To guide this study, we developed a conceptual framework based upon IDOH, Indigenous Nation-Building, and concepts of Indigenous Mental Wellbeing and Resilience. The research process was guided by the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance to honor tribal and data sovereignty. Data were collected through a mixed methods research design - including interviews, talking circles, asset mapping, and coding of executive orders - that documented the contextual factors that contribute to mental health and wellbeing among Native nations. Special attention was placed on the assets and culturally, socially, and geographically distinct features of each Native nation and the communities within them. Our study was unique in that our research team consisted of predominantly Indigenous scholars and community researchers representing at least eight tribes and nations in the United States. The members of the team, regardless of whether they identified as Indigenous or non-Indigenous, have many collective years of experience working with Indigenous peoples and are committed to the health and wellbeing of tribal communities. RESULTS: The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. CONCLUSIONS: This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building. OBJECTIVE Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona. To guide this study, we developed a conceptual framework based upon IDOH, Indigenous Nation-Building, and concepts of Indigenous Mental Wellbeing and Resilience. The research process was guided by the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance to honor tribal and data sovereignty. Data were collected through a mixed methods research design - including interviews, talking circles, asset mapping, and coding of executive orders - that documented the contextual factors that contribute to mental health and wellbeing among Native nations. Special attention was placed on the assets and culturally, socially, and geographically distinct features of each Native nation and the communities within them. Our study was unique in that our research team consisted of predominantly Indigenous scholars and community researchers representing at least eight tribes and nations in the United States. The members of the team, regardless of whether they identified as Indigenous or non-Indigenous, have many collective years of experience working with Indigenous peoples and are committed to the health and wellbeing of tribal communities. RESULTS: The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts. CONCLUSIONS: This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. |
Lopez, Albertina; Lynn, Jewlya; Peak, Geri; Petillo, Michael; Rios, Aisha; Shanker, Vidhya; Wolf, Susan Decolonization in Evaluation Week: Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation Needs YOUR Voice Journal Article AEA365, 2022. @article{Lopez2022, title = {Decolonization in Evaluation Week: Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation Needs YOUR Voice }, author = {Albertina Lopez and Jewlya Lynn and Geri Peak and Michael Petillo and Aisha Rios and Vidhya Shanker and Susan Wolf}, url = {https://aea365.org/blog/decolonization-in-evaluation-week-voices-of-decolonizing-evaluation-needs-your-voice-by-albertina-lopez-jewlya-lynn-geri-peak-michael-petillo-aisha-rios-vidhya-shanker-susan-wolf/}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-31}, journal = {AEA365}, abstract = {Greetings good people, we are Albertina Lopez, Jewlya Lynn, Geri Peak, Michael Petillo, Aisha Rios, Vidhya Shanker & Susan Wolfe, the team of voices behind AEA session #5365, Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation: Moving from Discussion to Action. Following on our blogs from last year, we are expanding the ongoing discourse on evaluation’s role in envisioning and co-creating a just society by opening space for more voices so that we can advance our understanding together—stimulating change within and among ourselves, and facilitating collective action.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Greetings good people, we are Albertina Lopez, Jewlya Lynn, Geri Peak, Michael Petillo, Aisha Rios, Vidhya Shanker & Susan Wolfe, the team of voices behind AEA session #5365, Voices of Decolonizing Evaluation: Moving from Discussion to Action. Following on our blogs from last year, we are expanding the ongoing discourse on evaluation’s role in envisioning and co-creating a just society by opening space for more voices so that we can advance our understanding together—stimulating change within and among ourselves, and facilitating collective action. |
Williamson, Heather J; Begay, Andria B; Dunn, Dorothy J; Bacon, Rachel; Remiker, Mark; , ; Garcia, Yolanda E; McCarthy, Michael J; Baldwin, Julie A “We live on an island:” Perspectives on rural family caregiving for adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia in the United States Journal Article The Qualitative Report, 27 (10), pp. 2343-2358, 2022. @article{Williamson2022, title = {“We live on an island:” Perspectives on rural family caregiving for adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia in the United States}, author = {Heather J. Williamson and Andria B. Begay and Dorothy J. Dunn and Rachel Bacon and Mark Remiker and and Yolanda E. Garcia and Michael J. McCarthy and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol27/iss10/17/}, doi = {10.46743/2160-3715/2022.5193}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-28}, journal = {The Qualitative Report}, volume = {27}, number = {10}, pages = {2343-2358}, abstract = {As the United States’ aging population grows, there will be increased prevalence of individuals living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias (ADRD), who largely rely on the support of their family caregivers. Family caregivers residing in rural areas face additional challenges with managing caregiving responsibilities and navigating support services. The purpose of this multilevel phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the assets, unique needs, and resources of rural-residing ADRD caregivers from the caregiver, provider, and policy influencers’ perspectives. The study took place between 2019 through 2021 in northern Arizona, a largely rural and geographically vast area home to caregivers from diverse backgrounds. Twenty-seven caregivers to a loved one with ADRD participated in focus groups. Twelve health and social services providers and twelve policy influencers, those involved in leadership positions for aging programs or advocacy groups, completed individual interviews. Caregivers demonstrate many assets which contribute to their ability to manage and cope with their caregiving role. However, caregivers face a series of issues related to their caregiving role and need early and ongoing education regarding ADRD. There is a lack of resources available in rural areas, in particular providers, making it challenging to obtain needed resources necessary to support their loved one with ADRD. Furthermore, there is a need for more providers trained in working with aging adults and those experiencing ADRD, and a need for more culturally relevant resources.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As the United States’ aging population grows, there will be increased prevalence of individuals living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias (ADRD), who largely rely on the support of their family caregivers. Family caregivers residing in rural areas face additional challenges with managing caregiving responsibilities and navigating support services. The purpose of this multilevel phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the assets, unique needs, and resources of rural-residing ADRD caregivers from the caregiver, provider, and policy influencers’ perspectives. The study took place between 2019 through 2021 in northern Arizona, a largely rural and geographically vast area home to caregivers from diverse backgrounds. Twenty-seven caregivers to a loved one with ADRD participated in focus groups. Twelve health and social services providers and twelve policy influencers, those involved in leadership positions for aging programs or advocacy groups, completed individual interviews. Caregivers demonstrate many assets which contribute to their ability to manage and cope with their caregiving role. However, caregivers face a series of issues related to their caregiving role and need early and ongoing education regarding ADRD. There is a lack of resources available in rural areas, in particular providers, making it challenging to obtain needed resources necessary to support their loved one with ADRD. Furthermore, there is a need for more providers trained in working with aging adults and those experiencing ADRD, and a need for more culturally relevant resources. |
McCue, Kelly; Sabo, Samantha; Wightman, Patrick; Butler, Matthew; Pilling, Vern; Jiménez, Dulce; Annorbah, Rebecca; Rumann, Sara Maternal and Child Health Journal, 26 , pp. 2485–2495, 2022. @article{McCue2022, title = {Impact of a Community Health Worker (CHW) Home Visiting Intervention on Any and Adequate Prenatal Care Among Ethno-Racially Diverse Pregnant Women of the US Southwest}, author = {Kelly McCue and Samantha Sabo and Patrick Wightman and Matthew Butler and Vern Pilling and Dulce Jiménez and Rebecca Annorbah and Sara Rumann}, url = { https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-022-03506-2}, doi = {10.1007/s10995-022-03506-2}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-21}, journal = {Maternal and Child Health Journal}, volume = {26}, pages = {2485–2495}, abstract = {Social and structural barriers drive disparities in prenatal care utilization among minoritized women in the United States. This study examined the impact of Arizona’s Health Start Program, a community health worker (CHW) home visiting intervention, on prenatal care utilization among an ethno-racially and geographically diverse cohort of women. A CHW-led perinatal home visiting intervention operated through a state health department can improve prenatal care utilization among demographically and socioeconomically disadvantaged women and reduce maternal and child health inequity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Social and structural barriers drive disparities in prenatal care utilization among minoritized women in the United States. This study examined the impact of Arizona’s Health Start Program, a community health worker (CHW) home visiting intervention, on prenatal care utilization among an ethno-racially and geographically diverse cohort of women. A CHW-led perinatal home visiting intervention operated through a state health department can improve prenatal care utilization among demographically and socioeconomically disadvantaged women and reduce maternal and child health inequity. |
Felt*, Dylan; Perez-Bill, Esrea; Ruprecht, Megan M; Petillo, Michael; Beach, Lauren B; Glenn, Erik Elías; Phillips, Gregory Becoming an LGBTQ+ storyteller: Collecting and using data on gender, sex, and sexual orientation Journal Article Northwestern Scholars, 2022 (175), pp. 31-52, 2022. @article{Felt*2022, title = {Becoming an LGBTQ+ storyteller: Collecting and using data on gender, sex, and sexual orientation}, author = {Dylan Felt* and Esrea Perez-Bill and Megan M. Ruprecht and Michael Petillo and Lauren B. Beach and Erik Elías Glenn and Gregory Phillips}, doi = {10.1002/ev.20518}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-21}, journal = {Northwestern Scholars}, volume = {2022}, number = {175}, pages = {31-52}, abstract = {LGBTQ+ stories and histories have long been silenced as part of deliberate work by those in power to erase our identities and experiences. As evaluators, we contribute to the process of either silencing or uplifting LGBTQ+ stories. This aspect of our work begs a number of vital questions that each of us must reckon with when we approach an evaluation: What data are necessary to allow us to tell a story? What story will we tell with the data we have collected? And, most importantly, who does the telling of certain stories benefit, who might it harm, and what is our responsibility as evaluators to protect peoples’ stories? Proceeding from these questions, this chapter has three distinct parts. In Part One, we establish a common language. By integrating perspectives from the social sciences and LGBTQ+ community scholarship, we provide an overview of the complex and contextually specific nature of sex, sexual orientation, and gender, and discuss the implications of these complexities on how we approach collecting LGBTQ+ data. In Part Two, we consider the power of the stories we tell to impact the lives of LGBTQ+ people, and the frameworks, theories, and ethical imperatives which may help us to contribute to a narrative of LGBTQ+ liberation through our work. Finally, in Part Three, we offer an example tool for readers to use as they consider how they would approach this work in their own practices.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } LGBTQ+ stories and histories have long been silenced as part of deliberate work by those in power to erase our identities and experiences. As evaluators, we contribute to the process of either silencing or uplifting LGBTQ+ stories. This aspect of our work begs a number of vital questions that each of us must reckon with when we approach an evaluation: What data are necessary to allow us to tell a story? What story will we tell with the data we have collected? And, most importantly, who does the telling of certain stories benefit, who might it harm, and what is our responsibility as evaluators to protect peoples’ stories? Proceeding from these questions, this chapter has three distinct parts. In Part One, we establish a common language. By integrating perspectives from the social sciences and LGBTQ+ community scholarship, we provide an overview of the complex and contextually specific nature of sex, sexual orientation, and gender, and discuss the implications of these complexities on how we approach collecting LGBTQ+ data. In Part Two, we consider the power of the stories we tell to impact the lives of LGBTQ+ people, and the frameworks, theories, and ethical imperatives which may help us to contribute to a narrative of LGBTQ+ liberation through our work. Finally, in Part Three, we offer an example tool for readers to use as they consider how they would approach this work in their own practices. |
Lininger, Monica; Root, H J; Camplain, Ricky; Barger, S Describing the appropriate use and interpretation of odds and risk ratios Journal Article Research in Sports Medicina, 2022. @article{Lininger2022b, title = {Describing the appropriate use and interpretation of odds and risk ratios}, author = {Monica Lininger and H.J. Root and Ricky Camplain and S. Barger}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2022.2132861}, doi = {10.1080/15438627.2022.2132861}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-10}, journal = {Research in Sports Medicina}, abstract = {In sport medicine, epidemiology of sport-related injury provides the foundation for understanding what types of injuries and illnesses occur and who is at the highest risk. Thus, accurate and transparent reporting and interpretation of risk metrics is essential to sports epidemiology. Odds ratios (OR) and risk ratios (RR) are two statistics used to quantify the association between exposure and outcome and are frequently seen in sports medicine literature. While similarities exist, there are optimal ways to use and interpret OR and RR based on the study design and outcome incidence in the target population. In this short communication, we will present common study designs (e.g. prospective cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) along with recommendations for the use and interpretation of OR and RR. This will ultimately assist partitioners in choosing and interpreting these frequently confused measures of association and also help journal reviewers better understand the appropriate use of these measures when evaluating a manuscript.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In sport medicine, epidemiology of sport-related injury provides the foundation for understanding what types of injuries and illnesses occur and who is at the highest risk. Thus, accurate and transparent reporting and interpretation of risk metrics is essential to sports epidemiology. Odds ratios (OR) and risk ratios (RR) are two statistics used to quantify the association between exposure and outcome and are frequently seen in sports medicine literature. While similarities exist, there are optimal ways to use and interpret OR and RR based on the study design and outcome incidence in the target population. In this short communication, we will present common study designs (e.g. prospective cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) along with recommendations for the use and interpretation of OR and RR. This will ultimately assist partitioners in choosing and interpreting these frequently confused measures of association and also help journal reviewers better understand the appropriate use of these measures when evaluating a manuscript. |
Ricky Camplain, PhD ; Lauren Hale, PhD ; Carolyn Camplain, JD ; Rita Stageman, MSW ; Julie A. Baldwin, PhD Changes in sleep quality and housing status among individuals incarcerated in jail Journal Article Sleep Health, 8 (6), 2022. @article{Camplain2022g, title = {Changes in sleep quality and housing status among individuals incarcerated in jail}, author = {Ricky Camplain, PhD and Lauren Hale, PhD and Carolyn Camplain, JD and Rita Stageman, MSW and Julie A. Baldwin, PhD}, doi = {10.1016/j.sleh.2022.08.006}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-10-10}, journal = {Sleep Health}, volume = {8}, number = {6}, abstract = {Objective To investigate sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in a rural county jail, by housing status before incarceration. Methods Using cross-sectional survey methods, 194 individuals incarcerated in jail reported sleep quality prior to and during incarceration on a Likert scale and pre-incarceration housing status (ie, house, apartment, motel, group living, or homeless). Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using log binomial regression to determine associations between housing status before incarceration and changes in sleep quality. Results Participants in non-permanent housing before incarceration had a lower prevalence of worsening sleep quality while incarcerated (compared to stable or improving) compared to those in permanent housing before incarceration (PR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.77). Conclusions Pre-incarceration housing is associated with change in sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in jail. Jail may be an important point of intervention to improve sleep quality during incarceration and through connecting individuals to more stable living conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective To investigate sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in a rural county jail, by housing status before incarceration. Methods Using cross-sectional survey methods, 194 individuals incarcerated in jail reported sleep quality prior to and during incarceration on a Likert scale and pre-incarceration housing status (ie, house, apartment, motel, group living, or homeless). Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using log binomial regression to determine associations between housing status before incarceration and changes in sleep quality. Results Participants in non-permanent housing before incarceration had a lower prevalence of worsening sleep quality while incarcerated (compared to stable or improving) compared to those in permanent housing before incarceration (PR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.77). Conclusions Pre-incarceration housing is associated with change in sleep quality among individuals incarcerated in jail. Jail may be an important point of intervention to improve sleep quality during incarceration and through connecting individuals to more stable living conditions. |
2022 |
Rink, Elizabeth; Firemoon, Paula; Anastario, Michael; Johnson, Olivia; GrowingThunder, Ramey; Ricker, Adriann; Peterson, Malory; Baldwin, Julie Frontiers in Public Health, 10 , 2022. @article{Rink2022, title = {Rationale, Design, and Methods for Nen Unkumbi/Edahiyedo ("We Are Here Now"): A Multi-Level Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes in a Northern Plains American Indian Reservation Community}, author = {Elizabeth Rink and Paula Firemoon and Michael Anastario and Olivia Johnson and Ramey GrowingThunder and Adriann Ricker and Malory Peterson and Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.823228/full}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.823228}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-07-13}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {10}, abstract = {American Indian (AI) youth in the United States experience disproportionate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities relative to their non-Indigenous, white counterparts, including increased rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), earlier sexual debut, increased rates of teen birth, and reduced access to SRH services. Past research shows that to improve SRH outcomes for AI youth in reservation communities, interventions must address complex factors and multiple levels of community that influence sexual risk behaviors. Here, we describe development of a multi-level, multi-component randomized controlled trial (RCT) to intervene upon SRH outcomes in a Northern Plains American Indian reservation community. Our intervention is rooted in a community based participatory research framework and is evaluated with a stepped wedge design that integrates 5 reservation high schools into a 5-year, cluster-randomized RCT. Ecological Systems Theory was used to design the intervention that includes (1) an individual level component of culturally specific SRH curriculum in school, (2) a parental component of education to improve parent-child communication about SRH and healthy relationships, (3) a community component of cultural mentorship, and (4) a systems-level component to improve delivery of SRH services from reservation healthcare agencies. In this article we present the rationale and details of our research design, instrumentation, data collection protocol, analytical methods, and community participation in the intervention. Our intervention builds upon existing community strengths and integrates traditional Indigenous knowledge and values with current public health knowledge to reduce SRH disparities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } American Indian (AI) youth in the United States experience disproportionate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities relative to their non-Indigenous, white counterparts, including increased rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), earlier sexual debut, increased rates of teen birth, and reduced access to SRH services. Past research shows that to improve SRH outcomes for AI youth in reservation communities, interventions must address complex factors and multiple levels of community that influence sexual risk behaviors. Here, we describe development of a multi-level, multi-component randomized controlled trial (RCT) to intervene upon SRH outcomes in a Northern Plains American Indian reservation community. Our intervention is rooted in a community based participatory research framework and is evaluated with a stepped wedge design that integrates 5 reservation high schools into a 5-year, cluster-randomized RCT. Ecological Systems Theory was used to design the intervention that includes (1) an individual level component of culturally specific SRH curriculum in school, (2) a parental component of education to improve parent-child communication about SRH and healthy relationships, (3) a community component of cultural mentorship, and (4) a systems-level component to improve delivery of SRH services from reservation healthcare agencies. In this article we present the rationale and details of our research design, instrumentation, data collection protocol, analytical methods, and community participation in the intervention. Our intervention builds upon existing community strengths and integrates traditional Indigenous knowledge and values with current public health knowledge to reduce SRH disparities. |
Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Goldtooth-Begay, Carol; Begay, Andria B; Lazaro, Ashley; Yellowhair, Janet; Todecheenie, Rolanda; Begay, Delila; Singer, Darlene; Briscoe, Curtis Frontiers in Public Health, 10 , 2022. @article{Teufel-Shone2022, title = {Maintaining the Partnership Between a Tribal Breast and Cervical Cancer Program and a University-Based Cancer Prevention Center During COVID-19 Lock-Down Restrictions-A Case Study}, author = {Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone and Carol Goldtooth-Begay and Andria B. Begay and Ashley Lazaro and Janet Yellowhair and Rolanda Todecheenie and Delila Begay and Darlene Singer and Curtis Briscoe}, editor = {Heather H. Goltz}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.902253}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-07-13}, issuetitle = {Public Health Education and Promotion}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {10}, abstract = {To inform women of the Navajo Nation of safety measures implemented to minimize COVID-19 virus exposure during screening and treatment procedures at Navajo Nation based health care facilities, the Navajo Nation Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention Program (NNBCCPP) and the University-based Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention Program (NACP) collaborated to develop a podcast to describe the continued availability of services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, women of all ages and ethnicities in the US needing breast and cervical cancer prevention screenings and treatment, have been hesitant to seek services given the advice to avoid crowded spaces and maintain physical distancing. Epidemiological trends indicate that proactive, intensive strategies are needed in Native American communities for early detection and treatment to support early cancer diagnosis and improve cancer survival. The NNBCCPP and Northern Arizona University (NAU) through the National Institute of Health's National Cancer Institute funded NACP had a nascent partnership prior to the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. This partnership relied on face-to-face interaction to allow for informal social interaction, facilitate clear communication and support continued trust building. To adhere to federal, state and tribal recommendations to minimize gatherings and to stay in-place to minimize the spread of the virus, the Navajo Nation and NAU restricted, and in most cases would not approve employee travel for partnership meetings. The plans to develop a podcast necessitated bringing additional members into the collaboration who were unfamiliar to the original partners and due to travel restrictions, required all interactions to be remote. This expanded group met virtually to develop a script, record and edit the podcast. More importantly, group members had to build and maintain trust over months of communicating via a teleconference video platform. This collaborative addressed challenges related to unstable Internet connections and periodic stay-at-home policies; thus, these emerging partners had to modify social and professional communication to respect and accommodate the stress and uncertain circumstances created by the pandemic on the citizens and employees of Navajo Nation. This case study describes strategies used to maintain and respect all members of the partnership.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } To inform women of the Navajo Nation of safety measures implemented to minimize COVID-19 virus exposure during screening and treatment procedures at Navajo Nation based health care facilities, the Navajo Nation Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention Program (NNBCCPP) and the University-based Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention Program (NACP) collaborated to develop a podcast to describe the continued availability of services. During the COVID-19 pandemic, women of all ages and ethnicities in the US needing breast and cervical cancer prevention screenings and treatment, have been hesitant to seek services given the advice to avoid crowded spaces and maintain physical distancing. Epidemiological trends indicate that proactive, intensive strategies are needed in Native American communities for early detection and treatment to support early cancer diagnosis and improve cancer survival. The NNBCCPP and Northern Arizona University (NAU) through the National Institute of Health's National Cancer Institute funded NACP had a nascent partnership prior to the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. This partnership relied on face-to-face interaction to allow for informal social interaction, facilitate clear communication and support continued trust building. To adhere to federal, state and tribal recommendations to minimize gatherings and to stay in-place to minimize the spread of the virus, the Navajo Nation and NAU restricted, and in most cases would not approve employee travel for partnership meetings. The plans to develop a podcast necessitated bringing additional members into the collaboration who were unfamiliar to the original partners and due to travel restrictions, required all interactions to be remote. This expanded group met virtually to develop a script, record and edit the podcast. More importantly, group members had to build and maintain trust over months of communicating via a teleconference video platform. This collaborative addressed challenges related to unstable Internet connections and periodic stay-at-home policies; thus, these emerging partners had to modify social and professional communication to respect and accommodate the stress and uncertain circumstances created by the pandemic on the citizens and employees of Navajo Nation. This case study describes strategies used to maintain and respect all members of the partnership. |
Camplain, Carolyn; Kirby, Christine; Barger, Steven D; Thomas, Heather; Tutt, Marissa; Elwell, Kristan; Young, Sara; Morrison, Gerlinda; Hyeoma, Stephanie; Baldwin, Julie A Community-based Participatory Research Approaches to Combat Oral Health Inequities Among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations Journal Article Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 82 (1), pp. 79-82, 2022. @article{Camplain2022d, title = {Community-based Participatory Research Approaches to Combat Oral Health Inequities Among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations}, author = {Carolyn Camplain and Christine Kirby and Steven D Barger and Heather Thomas and Marissa Tutt and Kristan Elwell and Sara Young and Gerlinda Morrison and Stephanie Hyeoma and Julie A Baldwin}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jphd.12525}, doi = {10.1111/jphd.12525}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-06-21}, journal = {Journal of Public Health Dentistry}, volume = {82}, number = {1}, pages = {79-82}, abstract = {American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities have experienced a history of systemic racism and still face significant oral health disparities. These disparities extend to the youngest community members in the form of early childhood caries (ECC). Although behavior and biology contribute to ECC, the conditions where people live, grow, and work, and the systems and political and economic forces that shape individual health outcomes, are thought to greatly impact ECC among AI/AN populations. To address ECC in AI/AN communities, we used a community based participatory approach that incorporated social determinants of health. We found that implementing culturally-tailored, culturally-centered, and AI/AN-created materials for ECC interventions is viewed favorably by community members and tribal leaders. Because of the complexity of ECC in AI/AN communities we adopted a bundled approach of best practices to reduce ECC including: (1) incorporating locally, contextually, and culturally relevant strategies to present recommended ECC prevention approaches; (2) employing AI/AN community members as educators; (3) utilizing motivational interviewing with expectant mothers; and (4) providing fluoride varnish. Our work underscores the importance of developing trusting partnerships with each other and with our communities, drawing upon the insights of community advisory board members, and eliciting formative assessment data from tribal members to gain a more holistic understanding of our participants' lived experience to design relevant intervention materials. Incorporating local knowledge and situating Western oral health prevention approaches within culturally aligned frameworks can enhance partnerships and create sustainable materials for community work.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities have experienced a history of systemic racism and still face significant oral health disparities. These disparities extend to the youngest community members in the form of early childhood caries (ECC). Although behavior and biology contribute to ECC, the conditions where people live, grow, and work, and the systems and political and economic forces that shape individual health outcomes, are thought to greatly impact ECC among AI/AN populations. To address ECC in AI/AN communities, we used a community based participatory approach that incorporated social determinants of health. We found that implementing culturally-tailored, culturally-centered, and AI/AN-created materials for ECC interventions is viewed favorably by community members and tribal leaders. Because of the complexity of ECC in AI/AN communities we adopted a bundled approach of best practices to reduce ECC including: (1) incorporating locally, contextually, and culturally relevant strategies to present recommended ECC prevention approaches; (2) employing AI/AN community members as educators; (3) utilizing motivational interviewing with expectant mothers; and (4) providing fluoride varnish. Our work underscores the importance of developing trusting partnerships with each other and with our communities, drawing upon the insights of community advisory board members, and eliciting formative assessment data from tribal members to gain a more holistic understanding of our participants' lived experience to design relevant intervention materials. Incorporating local knowledge and situating Western oral health prevention approaches within culturally aligned frameworks can enhance partnerships and create sustainable materials for community work. |
Carroll, Stephanie Russo; Suina, Michele; Jäger, Mary Beth; Black, Jessica; Cornell, Stephen; Gonzales, Angela A; Jorgensen, Miriam; Palmanteer-Holder, Nancy Lynn; Rosa, Jennifer De La S; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I Reclaiming Indigenous Health in the US: Moving Beyond the Social Determinants of Health Journal Article Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19 (7495), 2022. @article{Carroll2022, title = {Reclaiming Indigenous Health in the US: Moving Beyond the Social Determinants of Health}, author = {Stephanie Russo Carroll and Michele Suina and Mary Beth Jäger and Jessica Black and Stephen Cornell and Angela A. Gonzales and Miriam Jorgensen and Nancy Lynn Palmanteer-Holder and Jennifer S. De La Rosa and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone }, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127495}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph19127495}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-06-18}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {19}, number = {7495}, abstract = {The lack of literature on Indigenous conceptions of health and the social determinants of health (SDH) for US Indigenous communities limits available information for Indigenous nations as they set policy and allocate resources to improve the health of their citizens. In 2015, eight scholars from tribal communities and mainstream educational institutions convened to examine: the limitations of applying the World Health Organization’s (WHO) SDH framework in Indigenous communities; Indigenizing the WHO SDH framework; and Indigenous conceptions of a healthy community. Participants critiqued the assumptions within the WHO SDH framework that did not cohere with Indigenous knowledges and epistemologies and created a schematic for conceptualizing health and categorizing its determinants. As Indigenous nations pursue a policy role in health and seek to improve the health and wellness of their nations’ citizens, definitions of Indigenous health and well-being should be community-driven and Indigenous-nation based. Policies and practices for Indigenous nations and Indigenous communities should reflect and arise from sovereignty and a comprehensive understanding of the nations and communities’ conceptions of health and its determinants beyond the SDH.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The lack of literature on Indigenous conceptions of health and the social determinants of health (SDH) for US Indigenous communities limits available information for Indigenous nations as they set policy and allocate resources to improve the health of their citizens. In 2015, eight scholars from tribal communities and mainstream educational institutions convened to examine: the limitations of applying the World Health Organization’s (WHO) SDH framework in Indigenous communities; Indigenizing the WHO SDH framework; and Indigenous conceptions of a healthy community. Participants critiqued the assumptions within the WHO SDH framework that did not cohere with Indigenous knowledges and epistemologies and created a schematic for conceptualizing health and categorizing its determinants. As Indigenous nations pursue a policy role in health and seek to improve the health and wellness of their nations’ citizens, definitions of Indigenous health and well-being should be community-driven and Indigenous-nation based. Policies and practices for Indigenous nations and Indigenous communities should reflect and arise from sovereignty and a comprehensive understanding of the nations and communities’ conceptions of health and its determinants beyond the SDH. |
Camplain, Ricky; Williamson, Heather J; Pinn, Travis A; Shuman, Sara; Robinson, Bethany M; Evans, Maribeth; Luna, Crystal Barriers and facilitators to attending and being physically active during recreation time among women incarcerated Journal Article BMC Women's Health, 22 (239), 2022. @article{Camplain2022e, title = {Barriers and facilitators to attending and being physically active during recreation time among women incarcerated}, author = {Ricky Camplain and Heather J. Williamson and Travis A. Pinn and Sara Shuman and Bethany M. Robinson and Maribeth Evans and Crystal Luna}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01831-w}, doi = {10.1186/s12905-022-01831-w}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-06-17}, journal = {BMC Women's Health}, volume = {22}, number = {239}, abstract = {Of the more than 20 million adult Americans that have been or are currently incarcerated, more men are incarcerated compared to women. However, the rate of growth for women's imprisonment has outpaced men by more than double with a 700% increase since 1980 [1,2,3,4,5]. Although there has been a substantial increase in incarceration among women, because most people incarcerated are men, women’s health has been overlooked. Most women incarcerated in jail are not physically active and do not attend recreation time (rec-time), a time dedicated to being physically active, outside. The purpose of this study was to determine barriers and facilitators to attending and being physically active during rec-time among women incarcerated in jail. We recruited and distributed a cross-sectional questionnaire to 100 women incarcerated at the Coconino County Detention Facility (CCDF) in Flagstaff, Arizona from March to July 2020. Women were asked about their experience with rec-time at CCDF, including if they had ever attended, how often they attended, if they exercised at rec-time, activities they participated in, and facilitators, barriers, and benefits to attend rec-time. Among 99 women who completed the questionnaire, 89% had ever attended rec-time. Most women identified environmental- and health-related facilitators to attending rec-time including enjoying natural light (74%), getting fresh air (83%), a change in environment (62%), and to move around and exercise (72%). Many women indicated environmental-, equipment-, clothing, and motivation-related barriers to attending rec-time. Specifically, women believed there was a lack of equipment (56%) and limited access to proper footwear (49%).}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Of the more than 20 million adult Americans that have been or are currently incarcerated, more men are incarcerated compared to women. However, the rate of growth for women's imprisonment has outpaced men by more than double with a 700% increase since 1980 [1,2,3,4,5]. Although there has been a substantial increase in incarceration among women, because most people incarcerated are men, women’s health has been overlooked. Most women incarcerated in jail are not physically active and do not attend recreation time (rec-time), a time dedicated to being physically active, outside. The purpose of this study was to determine barriers and facilitators to attending and being physically active during rec-time among women incarcerated in jail. We recruited and distributed a cross-sectional questionnaire to 100 women incarcerated at the Coconino County Detention Facility (CCDF) in Flagstaff, Arizona from March to July 2020. Women were asked about their experience with rec-time at CCDF, including if they had ever attended, how often they attended, if they exercised at rec-time, activities they participated in, and facilitators, barriers, and benefits to attend rec-time. Among 99 women who completed the questionnaire, 89% had ever attended rec-time. Most women identified environmental- and health-related facilitators to attending rec-time including enjoying natural light (74%), getting fresh air (83%), a change in environment (62%), and to move around and exercise (72%). Many women indicated environmental-, equipment-, clothing, and motivation-related barriers to attending rec-time. Specifically, women believed there was a lack of equipment (56%) and limited access to proper footwear (49%). |
Pro, George; Camplain, Ricky; III, Charles Lea H PLoS ONE, 17 (6), 2022. @article{Pro2022b, title = {The competing effects of racial discrimination and racial identity on the predicted number of days incarcerated in the US: A national profile of Black, Latino/Latina, and American Indian/Alaska Native populations}, author = {George Pro and Ricky Camplain and Charles H. Lea III}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268987}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0268987}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-06-08}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {17}, number = {6}, abstract = {Racial discrimination and racial identity may compete to influence incarceration risk. We estimated the predicted days incarcerated in a national US sample of Black, Latino/Latina, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Racial discrimination and racial identity may compete to influence incarceration risk. We estimated the predicted days incarcerated in a national US sample of Black, Latino/Latina, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals. |
Pinn, Travis; Williamson, Heather; Robinson, Bethany; Shuman, Sara; Evans, Maria; Pro, George; Camplain, Ricky Everything has changed”: detention officer roles and recreation time changes due to COVID-19 policies at a Southwest County Jail Journal Article Health Justice, 10 (18), 2022. @article{Pinn2022, title = {Everything has changed”: detention officer roles and recreation time changes due to COVID-19 policies at a Southwest County Jail}, author = {Travis Pinn and Heather Williamson and Bethany Robinson and Sara Shuman and Maria Evans and George Pro and Ricky Camplain }, url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s40352-022-00181-x}, doi = {10.1186/s40352-022-00181-x}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-06-04}, journal = {Health Justice}, volume = {10}, number = {18}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic responses in jails have forced detention officers to adjust how they approach the confinement and care of individuals while they are incarcerated. One aspect of incarceration affected was detention officers’ roles. The aims of this research project were to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the general duties of detention officers at a Southwest County Jail. Detention officers were recruited via email to participate in an online questionnaire from October to December 2020. Participants answered Likert scale and open-ended questions regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their job duties. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to identify themes and patterns in the responses.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The COVID-19 pandemic responses in jails have forced detention officers to adjust how they approach the confinement and care of individuals while they are incarcerated. One aspect of incarceration affected was detention officers’ roles. The aims of this research project were to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the general duties of detention officers at a Southwest County Jail. Detention officers were recruited via email to participate in an online questionnaire from October to December 2020. Participants answered Likert scale and open-ended questions regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their job duties. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to identify themes and patterns in the responses. |
O’Keefe, Victoria M; Fish, Jillian; Maudrie, Tara L; Hunter, Amanda M; Rakena, Hariata Tai G; Ullrich, Jessica Saniġaq; Clifford, Carrie; Crawford, Allison; Brockie, Teresa; Walls, Melissa; Haroz, Emily E; Cwik, Mary; Whitesell, Nancy Rumbaugh; Barlow, Allison Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19 (10), pp. 6271, 2022. @article{O’Keefe2022, title = {Centering Indigenous Knowledges and Worldviews: Applying the Indigenist Ecological Systems Model to Youth Mental Health and Wellness Research and Programs}, author = {Victoria M. O’Keefe and Jillian Fish and Tara L. Maudrie and Amanda M. Hunter and Hariata G. Tai Rakena and Jessica Saniġaq Ullrich and Carrie Clifford and Allison Crawford and Teresa Brockie and Melissa Walls and Emily E. Haroz and Mary Cwik and Nancy Rumbaugh Whitesell and Allison Barlow}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106271}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph19106271}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-05-21}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {19}, number = {10}, pages = {6271}, abstract = {Globally, Indigenous communities, leaders, mental health providers, and scholars have called for strengths-based approaches to mental health that align with Indigenous and holistic concepts of health and wellness. We applied the Indigenist Ecological Systems Model to strengths-based case examples of Indigenous youth mental health and wellness work occurring in CANZUS (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and United States). The case examples include research, community-led programs, and national advocacy. Indigenous youth development and well-being occur through strengths-based relationships across interconnected environmental levels. This approach promotes Indigenous youth and communities considering complete ecologies of Indigenous youth to foster their whole health, including mental health. Future research and programming will benefit from understanding and identifying common, strengths-based solutions beyond narrow intervention targets. This approach not only promotes Indigenous youth health and mental health, but ripples out across the entire ecosystem to promote community well-being.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Globally, Indigenous communities, leaders, mental health providers, and scholars have called for strengths-based approaches to mental health that align with Indigenous and holistic concepts of health and wellness. We applied the Indigenist Ecological Systems Model to strengths-based case examples of Indigenous youth mental health and wellness work occurring in CANZUS (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and United States). The case examples include research, community-led programs, and national advocacy. Indigenous youth development and well-being occur through strengths-based relationships across interconnected environmental levels. This approach promotes Indigenous youth and communities considering complete ecologies of Indigenous youth to foster their whole health, including mental health. Future research and programming will benefit from understanding and identifying common, strengths-based solutions beyond narrow intervention targets. This approach not only promotes Indigenous youth health and mental health, but ripples out across the entire ecosystem to promote community well-being. |
Jiménez, Dulce J; Sabo, Samantha; Remiker, Mark; Smith, Melinda; Longorio, Alexandra Samarron E; Williamson, Heather J; Chief, Carmenlita; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I A Multisectoral Approach to Advance Health Equity in Rural northern Arizona: County-level Leaders' Perspectives on Health Equity Journal Article BMC Public Health, 22 (1), pp. 960, 2022. @article{Jiménez2022, title = {A Multisectoral Approach to Advance Health Equity in Rural northern Arizona: County-level Leaders' Perspectives on Health Equity}, author = {Dulce J. Jiménez and Samantha Sabo and Mark Remiker and Melinda Smith and Alexandra E. Samarron Longorio and Heather J. Williamson and Carmenlita Chief and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13279-6}, doi = {10.1186/s12889-022-13279-6}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-05-13}, journal = {BMC Public Health}, volume = {22}, number = {1}, pages = {960}, abstract = {Multisectoral and public–private partnerships are critical in building the necessary infrastructure, policy, and political will to ameliorate health inequity. A focus on health equity by researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers prioritizes action to address the systematic, avoidable, and unjust differences in health status across population groups sustained over time and generations that are beyond the control of individuals. Health equity requires a collective process in shaping the health and wellbeing of the communities in which we live, learn, work, play, and grow. This paper explores multisectoral leaders’ understanding of the social, environmental, and economic conditions that produce and sustain health inequity in northern Arizona, a geographically expansive, largely rural, and culturally diverse region.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Multisectoral and public–private partnerships are critical in building the necessary infrastructure, policy, and political will to ameliorate health inequity. A focus on health equity by researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers prioritizes action to address the systematic, avoidable, and unjust differences in health status across population groups sustained over time and generations that are beyond the control of individuals. Health equity requires a collective process in shaping the health and wellbeing of the communities in which we live, learn, work, play, and grow. This paper explores multisectoral leaders’ understanding of the social, environmental, and economic conditions that produce and sustain health inequity in northern Arizona, a geographically expansive, largely rural, and culturally diverse region. |
Joseph, Naveen; Propper, Catherine R; Goebel, Madeline; Henry, Shantel; Roy, Indrakshi; Kolok, Alan S Investigation of Relationships Between the Geospatial Distribution of Cancer Incidence and Estimated Pesticide Use in the U.S. West Journal Article Geohealth, 6 (5), 2022. @article{Joseph2022, title = {Investigation of Relationships Between the Geospatial Distribution of Cancer Incidence and Estimated Pesticide Use in the U.S. West}, author = {Naveen Joseph and Catherine R. Propper and Madeline Goebel and Shantel Henry and Indrakshi Roy and Alan S. Kolok}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9121053/}, doi = {10.1029/2021GH000544}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-05-01}, journal = {Geohealth}, volume = {6}, number = {5}, abstract = {The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential geospatial relationship between agricultural pesticide use and two cancer metrics (pediatric cancer incidence and total cancer incidence) across each of the 11 contiguous states in the Western United States at state and county resolution. The pesticide usage data were collected from the U.S. Geological Survey Pesticide National Synthesis Project database, while cancer data for each state were compiled from the National Cancer Institute State Cancer Profiles. At the state spatial scale, this study identified a significant positive association between the total mass of fumigants and pediatric cancer incidence, and also between the mass of one fumigant in particular, metam, and total cancer incidence (P‐value < 0.05). At the county scale, the relationship of all cancer incidence to pesticide usage was evaluated using a multilevel model including pesticide mass and pesticide mass tertiles. Low pediatric cancer rates in many counties precluded this type of evaluation in association with pesticide usage. At the county scale, the multilevel model using fumigant mass, fumigant mass tertiles, county, and state predicted the total cancer incidence (R‐squared = 0.95, NSE = 0.91, and Sum of square of residuals [SSR] = 8.22). Moreover, this study identified significant associations between total fumigant mass, high and medium tertiles of fumigant mass, total pesticide mass, and high tertiles of pesticide mass relative to total cancer incidence across counties. Fumigant application rate was shown to be important relative to the incidence of total cancer and pediatric cancer, at both state and county scales.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential geospatial relationship between agricultural pesticide use and two cancer metrics (pediatric cancer incidence and total cancer incidence) across each of the 11 contiguous states in the Western United States at state and county resolution. The pesticide usage data were collected from the U.S. Geological Survey Pesticide National Synthesis Project database, while cancer data for each state were compiled from the National Cancer Institute State Cancer Profiles. At the state spatial scale, this study identified a significant positive association between the total mass of fumigants and pediatric cancer incidence, and also between the mass of one fumigant in particular, metam, and total cancer incidence (P‐value < 0.05). At the county scale, the relationship of all cancer incidence to pesticide usage was evaluated using a multilevel model including pesticide mass and pesticide mass tertiles. Low pediatric cancer rates in many counties precluded this type of evaluation in association with pesticide usage. At the county scale, the multilevel model using fumigant mass, fumigant mass tertiles, county, and state predicted the total cancer incidence (R‐squared = 0.95, NSE = 0.91, and Sum of square of residuals [SSR] = 8.22). Moreover, this study identified significant associations between total fumigant mass, high and medium tertiles of fumigant mass, total pesticide mass, and high tertiles of pesticide mass relative to total cancer incidence across counties. Fumigant application rate was shown to be important relative to the incidence of total cancer and pediatric cancer, at both state and county scales. |
Bosch, Pamela R; Karmarkar, Amol M; Roy, Indrakshi; Fehnel, Corey R; Burke, Robert E; Kumar, Amit Association of Medicare-Medicaid Dual Eligibility and Race and Ethnicity With Ischemic Stroke Severity Journal Article JAMA Netw Open, 5 (3), 2022. @article{Bosch2022, title = {Association of Medicare-Medicaid Dual Eligibility and Race and Ethnicity With Ischemic Stroke Severity}, author = {Pamela R. Bosch and Amol M. Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Corey R. Fehnel and Robert E. Burke and Amit Kumar}, url = {https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2790579}, doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4596}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-03-31}, journal = {JAMA Netw Open}, volume = {5}, number = {3}, abstract = {Black and Hispanic US residents are disproportionately affected by stroke incidence, and patients with dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid may be predisposed to more severe strokes. Little is known about differences in stroke severity for individuals with dual eligibility, Black individuals, and Hispanic individuals, but understanding hospital admission stroke severity is the first important step for focusing strategies to reduce disparities in stroke care and outcomes. Objective To examine whether dual eligibility and race and ethnicity are associated with stroke severity in Medicare beneficiaries admitted to acute hospitals with ischemic stroke. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using Medicare claims data for patients with ischemic stroke admitted to acute hospitals in the United States from October 1, 2016, to December, 31, 2017. Data were analyzed from July 2021 and January 2022. Exposures Dual enrollment for Medicare and Medicaid; race and ethnicity categorized as White, Black, Hispanic, and other.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Black and Hispanic US residents are disproportionately affected by stroke incidence, and patients with dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid may be predisposed to more severe strokes. Little is known about differences in stroke severity for individuals with dual eligibility, Black individuals, and Hispanic individuals, but understanding hospital admission stroke severity is the first important step for focusing strategies to reduce disparities in stroke care and outcomes. Objective To examine whether dual eligibility and race and ethnicity are associated with stroke severity in Medicare beneficiaries admitted to acute hospitals with ischemic stroke. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using Medicare claims data for patients with ischemic stroke admitted to acute hospitals in the United States from October 1, 2016, to December, 31, 2017. Data were analyzed from July 2021 and January 2022. Exposures Dual enrollment for Medicare and Medicaid; race and ethnicity categorized as White, Black, Hispanic, and other. |
Ignacio, Matt; Oesterle, Sabrina; Mercado, Micaela; Carver, Ann; Lopez, Gilberto; Wolfersteig, Wendy; Ayers, Stephanie; Ki, Seol; Hamm, Kathryn; Parthasarathy, Sairam; Berryhill, Adam; Evans, Linnea; Sabo, Samantha; Doubeni, Chyke Nature Public Health Emergency Collection, pp. 1-13, 2022. @article{Ignacio2022, title = {Narratives from African American/Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic/Latinx community members in Arizona to enhance COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination uptake}, author = {Matt Ignacio and Sabrina Oesterle and Micaela Mercado and Ann Carver and Gilberto Lopez and Wendy Wolfersteig and Stephanie Ayers and Seol Ki and Kathryn Hamm and Sairam Parthasarathy and Adam Berryhill and Linnea Evans and Samantha Sabo and Chyke Doubeni}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8942760/}, doi = {10.1007/s10865-022-00300-x}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-03-24}, journal = {Nature Public Health Emergency Collection}, pages = {1-13}, abstract = {The state of Arizona has experienced one of the highest novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity test rates in the United States with disproportionally higher case rates and deaths among African-American/Black (AA/B), American Indian/Alaska Native (Native), and Hispanic/Latinx (HLX) individuals. To reduce disparities and promote health equity, researchers from Arizona State University, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Northern Arizona University, and the University of Arizona formed a partnership with community organizations to conduct state-wide community-engaged research and outreach. This report describes results from 34 virtually-held focus groups and supplemental survey responses conducted with 153 AA/B, HLX, and Native community members across Arizona to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence. Focus groups revealed common themes of vaccine hesitancy stemming from past experiences of research abuses (e.g., Tuskegee syphilis experiment) as well as group-specific factors. Across all focus groups, participants strongly recommended the use of brief, narrative vaccination testimonials from local officials, community members, and faith leaders to increase trust in science, vaccine confidence and to promote uptake.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The state of Arizona has experienced one of the highest novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity test rates in the United States with disproportionally higher case rates and deaths among African-American/Black (AA/B), American Indian/Alaska Native (Native), and Hispanic/Latinx (HLX) individuals. To reduce disparities and promote health equity, researchers from Arizona State University, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Northern Arizona University, and the University of Arizona formed a partnership with community organizations to conduct state-wide community-engaged research and outreach. This report describes results from 34 virtually-held focus groups and supplemental survey responses conducted with 153 AA/B, HLX, and Native community members across Arizona to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence. Focus groups revealed common themes of vaccine hesitancy stemming from past experiences of research abuses (e.g., Tuskegee syphilis experiment) as well as group-specific factors. Across all focus groups, participants strongly recommended the use of brief, narrative vaccination testimonials from local officials, community members, and faith leaders to increase trust in science, vaccine confidence and to promote uptake. |
Matt Ignacio Sabrina Oesterle, Micaela Mercado Ann Carver Gilberto Lopez Wendy Wolfersteig Stephanie Ayers Seol Ki Kathryn Hamm Sairam Parthasarathy Adam Berryhill Linnea Evans Samantha Sabo Chyke Doubeni Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 46 (1-2), pp. 140-152, 2022. @article{Ignacio2022b, title = {Narratives from African American/Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic/Latinx community members in Arizona to enhance COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination uptake}, author = {Matt Ignacio, Sabrina Oesterle, Micaela Mercado, Ann Carver, Gilberto Lopez, Wendy Wolfersteig, Stephanie Ayers, Seol Ki, Kathryn Hamm, Sairam Parthasarathy, Adam Berryhill, Linnea Evans, Samantha Sabo, Chyke Doubeni}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-022-00300-x}, doi = {10.1007/s10865-022-00300-x}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-03-24}, journal = {Journal of Behavioral Medicine}, volume = {46}, number = {1-2}, pages = {140-152}, abstract = {The state of Arizona has experienced one of the highest novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity test rates in the United States with disproportionally higher case rates and deaths among African-American/Black (AA/B), American Indian/Alaska Native (Native), and Hispanic/Latinx (HLX) individuals. To reduce disparities and promote health equity, researchers from Arizona State University, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Northern Arizona University, and the University of Arizona formed a partnership with community organizations to conduct state-wide community-engaged research and outreach. This report describes results from 34 virtually-held focus groups and supplemental survey responses conducted with 153 AA/B, HLX, and Native community members across Arizona to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence. Focus groups revealed common themes of vaccine hesitancy stemming from past experiences of research abuses (e.g., Tuskegee syphilis experiment) as well as group-specific factors. Across all focus groups, participants strongly recommended the use of brief, narrative vaccination testimonials from local officials, community members, and faith leaders to increase trust in science, vaccine confidence and to promote uptake.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The state of Arizona has experienced one of the highest novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity test rates in the United States with disproportionally higher case rates and deaths among African-American/Black (AA/B), American Indian/Alaska Native (Native), and Hispanic/Latinx (HLX) individuals. To reduce disparities and promote health equity, researchers from Arizona State University, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Northern Arizona University, and the University of Arizona formed a partnership with community organizations to conduct state-wide community-engaged research and outreach. This report describes results from 34 virtually-held focus groups and supplemental survey responses conducted with 153 AA/B, HLX, and Native community members across Arizona to understand factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence. Focus groups revealed common themes of vaccine hesitancy stemming from past experiences of research abuses (e.g., Tuskegee syphilis experiment) as well as group-specific factors. Across all focus groups, participants strongly recommended the use of brief, narrative vaccination testimonials from local officials, community members, and faith leaders to increase trust in science, vaccine confidence and to promote uptake. |
Pro, George; Liebert, Melissa; Remiker, Mark; Sabo, Samantha; Montgomery, Brooke E E; Zaller, Nickolas Homeless Opioid Treatment Clients Transitioning to Dependent and Independent Housing: Differential Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity Journal Article Substance Use & Misuse, 57 (6), pp. 867-875 , 2022. @article{Pro2022, title = {Homeless Opioid Treatment Clients Transitioning to Dependent and Independent Housing: Differential Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity}, author = {George Pro and Melissa Liebert and Mark Remiker and Samantha Sabo and Brooke E.E Montgomery and Nickolas Zaller}, doi = {10.1080/10826084.2022.2046097}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-03-02}, journal = {Substance Use & Misuse}, volume = {57}, number = {6}, pages = {867-875 }, abstract = {Homeless opioid treatment clients who transition into housing generally demonstrate better outcomes, but housing environments vary widely and may not benefit racial/ethnic minority populations equally. We sought to identify how race/ethnicity moderates the association between positive opioid treatment response and moving into dependent or independent living environments. Methods: We used the Treatment Episode Dataset-Discharges (2018–2019) to identify outpatient treatment clients who were homeless at admission and indicated heroin or other opioids as their primary drug of choice (n = 20,021). We defined positive treatment response as a reduction in opioid use between admission and discharge. We used multivariable logistic regression to model treatment response. We included an interaction between housing at discharge (remained homeless [reference], dependent living, or independent living) and race/ethnicity, and adjusted for relevant confounders. Results: Transitioning from homeless to dependent living was positively associated with treatment response among White (aOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 3.15-4.06), Hispanic (aOR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.55-2.86), and Black clients (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41-2.27), but no association was observed for homeless American Indian/Alaska Native clients. Transitioning from homeless to independent living was strongly associated with treatment response among all groups with the strongest association observed among White clients (aOR = 4.70, 95% CI = 4.26-5.19). Conclusions: Interventions aimed at improving OUD treatment outcomes among homeless clients should identify individual and structural factors that support moving into fully housed and independent living environments. Dependent living offers needed support during crises, but should be temporary and priority should be placed on independent, permanent, and autonomous living environments.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Homeless opioid treatment clients who transition into housing generally demonstrate better outcomes, but housing environments vary widely and may not benefit racial/ethnic minority populations equally. We sought to identify how race/ethnicity moderates the association between positive opioid treatment response and moving into dependent or independent living environments. Methods: We used the Treatment Episode Dataset-Discharges (2018–2019) to identify outpatient treatment clients who were homeless at admission and indicated heroin or other opioids as their primary drug of choice (n = 20,021). We defined positive treatment response as a reduction in opioid use between admission and discharge. We used multivariable logistic regression to model treatment response. We included an interaction between housing at discharge (remained homeless [reference], dependent living, or independent living) and race/ethnicity, and adjusted for relevant confounders. Results: Transitioning from homeless to dependent living was positively associated with treatment response among White (aOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 3.15-4.06), Hispanic (aOR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.55-2.86), and Black clients (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41-2.27), but no association was observed for homeless American Indian/Alaska Native clients. Transitioning from homeless to independent living was strongly associated with treatment response among all groups with the strongest association observed among White clients (aOR = 4.70, 95% CI = 4.26-5.19). Conclusions: Interventions aimed at improving OUD treatment outcomes among homeless clients should identify individual and structural factors that support moving into fully housed and independent living environments. Dependent living offers needed support during crises, but should be temporary and priority should be placed on independent, permanent, and autonomous living environments. |
Pepic, Vesna; McWilliams, Suzanne; Williamson, Shaylynne Shuler Heather J; Secakuku, Aaron Evaluating the Impact of a Culturally Sensitive Art Program on the Resilience, Perceived Stress, and Mood of Urban American Indian Youth Journal Article American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Journal, 29 (1), pp. 37-58, 2022. @article{Pepic2022, title = {Evaluating the Impact of a Culturally Sensitive Art Program on the Resilience, Perceived Stress, and Mood of Urban American Indian Youth}, author = {Vesna Pepic and Suzanne McWilliams and Shaylynne Shuler Heather J. Williamson and Aaron Secakuku}, url = {https://coloradosph.cuanschutz.edu/docs/librariesprovider205/journal_files/vol29/29_1_2022_37_pepic.pdf}, doi = {10.5820/aian.2901.2022.37}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-03-01}, journal = {American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Journal}, volume = {29}, number = {1}, pages = {37-58}, abstract = {American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth face a history of adversity and trauma that are linked to academic and health concerns. Culturally grounded art-based interventions hold promise to address challenges faced by AI youth. AI culture and wisdom can evoke a sense of capability in youth that strengthens their resilience. This study sought to evaluate a culturally oriented art therapy curriculum on its impact on resilience, stress, and mood for AI youth (n = 36). A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the perceived stress scores of the participants before and after a 12-week art intervention. There was a significant decrease in participant perceived stress between the pre (M = 16.7, SD = 4.7) and post conditions (M = 20.4, SD = 4.6); t (24) =, -3.5 p = 0.002). A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the mood of each participant before and after each instance of art activity to see if there was a self-reported change in mood. There was a significant improvement in participant mood in 10 out of 11 of the intervention weeks. Although no statistically significant change was found in participant resilience, participants in this study did report high levels of resilience. This study provides promising evidence that a culturally salient after-school art curriculum program can reduce stress and improve mood for urban AI youth.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth face a history of adversity and trauma that are linked to academic and health concerns. Culturally grounded art-based interventions hold promise to address challenges faced by AI youth. AI culture and wisdom can evoke a sense of capability in youth that strengthens their resilience. This study sought to evaluate a culturally oriented art therapy curriculum on its impact on resilience, stress, and mood for AI youth (n = 36). A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the perceived stress scores of the participants before and after a 12-week art intervention. There was a significant decrease in participant perceived stress between the pre (M = 16.7, SD = 4.7) and post conditions (M = 20.4, SD = 4.6); t (24) =, -3.5 p = 0.002). A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the mood of each participant before and after each instance of art activity to see if there was a self-reported change in mood. There was a significant improvement in participant mood in 10 out of 11 of the intervention weeks. Although no statistically significant change was found in participant resilience, participants in this study did report high levels of resilience. This study provides promising evidence that a culturally salient after-school art curriculum program can reduce stress and improve mood for urban AI youth. |
Dreifuss, Heather M; Belin, Kalvina L; Wilson, Jamie; George, Shawndeena; Waters, Amber-Rose; Bauer, Carmella Kahn 1and Mark B C; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I Engaging Native American High School Students in Public Health Career Preparation Through the Indigenous Summer Enhancement Program Journal Article Frontiers in Public Heath, 10 , 2022. @article{Dreifuss2022, title = {Engaging Native American High School Students in Public Health Career Preparation Through the Indigenous Summer Enhancement Program}, author = {Heather M Dreifuss and Kalvina L Belin and Jamie Wilson and Shawndeena George and Amber-Rose Waters and Carmella B Kahn 1and Mark C Bauer and Nicolette I Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35273937/10.3389/fpubh.2022.789994}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.789994}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-22}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Heath}, volume = {10}, abstract = {Native American populations are systematically marginalized in the healthcare and public health workforce. One effective approach to reduce health disparities and improve health care delivery among Indigenous populations is to train more Native American health professionals who integrate academic and cultural knowledge to understand and influence health behaviors and perspectives. Diné College partnered with Northern Arizona University to develop the Navajo Native American Research Center for Health (NARCH) Partnership, funded by the National Institutes of Health. The high school component of the Navajo NARCH Partnership created the Indigenous Summer Enhancement Program (ISEP), a 1-week summer training program providing exposure to health careers and mentorship in pursuing public health careers for Native American high school students. ISEP utilizes the Diné Educational Philosophy (DEP), a Navajo conceptual framework to serve as the foundation of the program. In 2020-2021, due to COVID-19 restrictions, the DEP model had to be incorporated in the Navajo NARCH high school virtual program activities. ISEP used 2018 and 2019 past program evaluation data to inform the virtual programming. Students' perception of the program was collected using an online Qualtrics evaluation questionnaire. Students stated appreciation for program staff, fellow students, peer mentors and culturally relevant learning experiences in both virtual and in-person environments. Recommendations included: expanding the length of ISEP and continuing the hands-on activities and Public Health Leadership series}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Native American populations are systematically marginalized in the healthcare and public health workforce. One effective approach to reduce health disparities and improve health care delivery among Indigenous populations is to train more Native American health professionals who integrate academic and cultural knowledge to understand and influence health behaviors and perspectives. Diné College partnered with Northern Arizona University to develop the Navajo Native American Research Center for Health (NARCH) Partnership, funded by the National Institutes of Health. The high school component of the Navajo NARCH Partnership created the Indigenous Summer Enhancement Program (ISEP), a 1-week summer training program providing exposure to health careers and mentorship in pursuing public health careers for Native American high school students. ISEP utilizes the Diné Educational Philosophy (DEP), a Navajo conceptual framework to serve as the foundation of the program. In 2020-2021, due to COVID-19 restrictions, the DEP model had to be incorporated in the Navajo NARCH high school virtual program activities. ISEP used 2018 and 2019 past program evaluation data to inform the virtual programming. Students' perception of the program was collected using an online Qualtrics evaluation questionnaire. Students stated appreciation for program staff, fellow students, peer mentors and culturally relevant learning experiences in both virtual and in-person environments. Recommendations included: expanding the length of ISEP and continuing the hands-on activities and Public Health Leadership series |
Hunter, Amanda M; Carlos, Mikah; Nuño, Velia L; Tippeconnic-Fox, Mary Jo; Carvajal, Scott; Yuan, Nicole P Native Spirit: Development of a culturally grounded after-school program to promote well-being among American Indian adolescents Journal Article American Journal of Community Psychology, 2022. @article{Hunter2022, title = {Native Spirit: Development of a culturally grounded after-school program to promote well-being among American Indian adolescents}, author = {Amanda M. Hunter and Mikah Carlos and Velia L. Nuño and Mary Jo Tippeconnic-Fox and Scott Carvajal and Nicole P. Yuan}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12590}, doi = {10.1002/ajcp.12590}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-22}, journal = {American Journal of Community Psychology}, abstract = {Culturally grounded after-school programs (ASPs), based on local cultural values and practices, are often developed and implemented by and for the local community. Culturally grounded programs promote health and well-being for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adolescents by allowing them to reconnect to cultural teachings that have faced attempted historical and contemporary erasure. This article is a first-person account that describes the development and implementation of a culturally grounded ASP, Native Spirit (NS), for AI adolescents (grades 7–12) living on a Southwest urban-based reservation. NS, a 13-session culturally grounded ASP, was developed by an academic–community partnership that focuses on increasing cultural engagement as a form of positive youth development. Each session was guided by one to two local cultural practitioners and community leaders. The development of the NS program contributed to an Indigenous prevention science that emphasizes the positive impacts of Indigenous culture and community on health and well-being. The use of the ASP format, in partnership with the Boys & Girls Club, increased the feasibility of dissemination and refinement of the NS program by tribal communities and organizations.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Culturally grounded after-school programs (ASPs), based on local cultural values and practices, are often developed and implemented by and for the local community. Culturally grounded programs promote health and well-being for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adolescents by allowing them to reconnect to cultural teachings that have faced attempted historical and contemporary erasure. This article is a first-person account that describes the development and implementation of a culturally grounded ASP, Native Spirit (NS), for AI adolescents (grades 7–12) living on a Southwest urban-based reservation. NS, a 13-session culturally grounded ASP, was developed by an academic–community partnership that focuses on increasing cultural engagement as a form of positive youth development. Each session was guided by one to two local cultural practitioners and community leaders. The development of the NS program contributed to an Indigenous prevention science that emphasizes the positive impacts of Indigenous culture and community on health and well-being. The use of the ASP format, in partnership with the Boys & Girls Club, increased the feasibility of dissemination and refinement of the NS program by tribal communities and organizations. |
Wagner, Eric F; Lowe, John Chapter 14: Prevention of Substance Use Disorders in Native Americans Journal Article Forthcoming Forthcoming. @article{Wagner2022, title = {Chapter 14: Prevention of Substance Use Disorders in Native Americans}, author = {Eric F Wagner and John Lowe}, editor = {Edward Chang and Christina A Downey}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-01}, booktitle = {Historical Context and Cultural Competence in Substance Use Disorder}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Camplain, Ricky; Lininger, Monica; Baldwin, Julie A; Trotter, Robert T Validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire among jail inmates. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Journal Article Forthcoming Clearinghouse, Forthcoming. @article{Camplain2022, title = {Validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire among jail inmates. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise}, author = {Ricky Camplain and Monica Lininger and Julie A Baldwin and Robert T Trotter}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-01}, journal = {Clearinghouse}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Camplain, Ricky; Becenti, Lyle; Pinn, Travis; Williamson, Heather; Pro, George Physical Activity Patterns Among Women Incarcerated in Jail Journal Article Journal of Correct Health Care, 28 (1), pp. 6-11, 2022. @article{Camplain2022c, title = {Physical Activity Patterns Among Women Incarcerated in Jail}, author = {Ricky Camplain and Lyle Becenti and Travis Pinn and Heather Williamson and George Pro}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34846925/}, doi = {10.1089/jchc.20.05.0041}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-01}, journal = {Journal of Correct Health Care}, volume = {28}, number = {1}, pages = {6-11}, abstract = {The physical and mental health benefits of physical activity in all populations are well established. In 2019, incarcerated women at a Southwest county jail were observed during "recreation time," a time when physical activity is encouraged, to identify the proportion of women who participated in recreation time and their physical activity levels. During observed recreation times, 28% of women attended; 56% were sedentary, 4% engaged in vigorous physical activity, and approximately 40% walked or performed similarly moderate physical activity. Future research should identify barriers to being physically active while incarcerated, leading to targeted interventions to promote physical activity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The physical and mental health benefits of physical activity in all populations are well established. In 2019, incarcerated women at a Southwest county jail were observed during "recreation time," a time when physical activity is encouraged, to identify the proportion of women who participated in recreation time and their physical activity levels. During observed recreation times, 28% of women attended; 56% were sedentary, 4% engaged in vigorous physical activity, and approximately 40% walked or performed similarly moderate physical activity. Future research should identify barriers to being physically active while incarcerated, leading to targeted interventions to promote physical activity. |
Camplain, Ricky; Chief, Carmenlita; Camplain, Carolyn; Teufel-shone, Nicolette; Baldwin, Julie A American Indian/Alaska Native Involvement in the US Justice System: Trends, Health Impacts and Health Disparities Journal Article Forthcoming Indigenous Justice Series: Indigenous Peoples, Health, Resilience and Justice, Forthcoming. @article{Camplain2022b, title = {American Indian/Alaska Native Involvement in the US Justice System: Trends, Health Impacts and Health Disparities}, author = {Ricky Camplain and Carmenlita Chief and Carolyn Camplain and Nicolette Teufel-shone and Julie A Baldwin}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-01}, journal = {Indigenous Justice Series: Indigenous Peoples, Health, Resilience and Justice}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Lau, PWC; Ma, FK; Ransdell, LB; Wu, W; Wang, JJ An investigation into opening school sport facilities to community use in Hong Kong Journal Article Forthcoming World Leisure Journal, Forthcoming. @article{Lau2022, title = {An investigation into opening school sport facilities to community use in Hong Kong}, author = {PWC Lau and FK Ma and LB Ransdell and W Wu and JJ Wang}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-01}, journal = {World Leisure Journal}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {article} } |
McCarthy, Michael J; Garcia, Evie Y; Remiker, Mark; Hustead, Morgan Lee-Regalado; Bacon, Rachel; Williamson, Heather J; Baldwin, Dorothy Dunn &Julie J Aging & Mental Health, 2022. @article{McCarthy2022, title = {Diverse rural caregivers for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias: analysis of health factors at the individual, interpersonal, and community level}, author = {Michael J. McCarthy and Y. Evie Garcia and Mark Remiker and Morgan Lee-Regalado Hustead and Rachel Bacon and Heather J. Williamson and Dorothy J. Dunn &Julie Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2022.2026880}, doi = {10.1080/13607863.2022.2026880}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-31}, journal = {Aging & Mental Health}, abstract = {Approximately 6.2 million Americans aged 65 or older have Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD). Unpaid family members and friends provide the bulk of caregiving for these individuals. Caregiving in rural areas adds unique challenges, particularly for ethnically/racially diverse caregivers. This study provides a profile of diverse, rural ADRD caregivers with an emphasis on multi-level factors that influence physical and mental health.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Approximately 6.2 million Americans aged 65 or older have Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD). Unpaid family members and friends provide the bulk of caregiving for these individuals. Caregiving in rural areas adds unique challenges, particularly for ethnically/racially diverse caregivers. This study provides a profile of diverse, rural ADRD caregivers with an emphasis on multi-level factors that influence physical and mental health. |
McCarthy, Michael J; Garcia, Evie Y; Remiker, Mark; Hustead, Morgan Lee-Regalado; Bacon, Rachel; Williamson, Heather J; Dunn, Dorothy J; Baldwin, Julie A Aging Mental Health, 1 , pp. 94-100, 2022. @article{McCarthy2022b, title = {Diverse rural caregivers for individuals with Alzheimer's disease or related dementias: analysis of health factors at the individual, interpersonal, and community level}, author = {Michael J. McCarthy and Y. Evie Garcia and Mark Remiker and Morgan Lee-Regalado Hustead and Rachel Bacon and Heather J. Williamson and Dorothy J. Dunn and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13607863.2022.2026880}, doi = {10.1080/13607863.2022.2026880}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-31}, journal = {Aging Mental Health}, volume = {1}, pages = {94-100}, abstract = {Approximately 6.2 million Americans aged 65 or older have Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD). Unpaid family members and friends provide the bulk of caregiving for these individuals. Caregiving in rural areas adds unique challenges, particularly for ethnically/racially diverse caregivers. This study provides a profile of diverse, rural ADRD caregivers with an emphasis on multi-level factors that influence physical and mental health. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 156 diverse rural ADRD caregivers. 65% of participants identified as White/Non-Hispanic (WNH; n = 101) and 35% identified as ethnically/racially diverse (ERD; n = 55). The majority of participants reported economic deprivation. More ERD caregivers were uninsured and had at least one chronic health condition. Higher proportions of ERD caregivers smoked cigarettes, consumed alcohol regularly, and had not seen or talked to a doctor in the previous year. There were no ethnic/racial group differences in stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, subjective health, or sleep quality. Rural caregivers, regardless of ethnicity/race, may benefit from extra support in order to maintain optimal health. Further research is needed to disentangle the complex relationship between culture, caregiving, and health.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Approximately 6.2 million Americans aged 65 or older have Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD). Unpaid family members and friends provide the bulk of caregiving for these individuals. Caregiving in rural areas adds unique challenges, particularly for ethnically/racially diverse caregivers. This study provides a profile of diverse, rural ADRD caregivers with an emphasis on multi-level factors that influence physical and mental health. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 156 diverse rural ADRD caregivers. 65% of participants identified as White/Non-Hispanic (WNH; n = 101) and 35% identified as ethnically/racially diverse (ERD; n = 55). The majority of participants reported economic deprivation. More ERD caregivers were uninsured and had at least one chronic health condition. Higher proportions of ERD caregivers smoked cigarettes, consumed alcohol regularly, and had not seen or talked to a doctor in the previous year. There were no ethnic/racial group differences in stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, subjective health, or sleep quality. Rural caregivers, regardless of ethnicity/race, may benefit from extra support in order to maintain optimal health. Further research is needed to disentangle the complex relationship between culture, caregiving, and health. |
Kumar, Amit; Roy, Indrakshi; Warren, Meghan; Shaibi, Stefany D; Fabricant, Maximilian; Falvey, Jason R; Vashist, Amit; Karmarkar, Amol M Impact of Hospital-Based Rehabilitation Services on Discharge to the Community by Value-Based Payment Programs after Joint Replacement Surgery Journal Article Physical Therapy, 2022. @article{Kumar2022, title = {Impact of Hospital-Based Rehabilitation Services on Discharge to the Community by Value-Based Payment Programs after Joint Replacement Surgery}, author = {Amit Kumar and Indrakshi Roy and Meghan Warren and Stefany D Shaibi and Maximilian Fabricant and Jason R Falvey and Amit Vashist and Amol M Karmarkar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzab313}, doi = {10.1093/ptj/pzab313}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-13}, journal = {Physical Therapy}, abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of hospital-based rehabilitation services on community discharge rates after hip and knee replacement surgery according to hospital participation in value-based care models: bundled payments for care improvement (BPCI) and comprehensive care for joint replacement (CJR). The secondary objective was to determine whether community discharge rates after hip and knee replacement surgery differed by participation in these models.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of hospital-based rehabilitation services on community discharge rates after hip and knee replacement surgery according to hospital participation in value-based care models: bundled payments for care improvement (BPCI) and comprehensive care for joint replacement (CJR). The secondary objective was to determine whether community discharge rates after hip and knee replacement surgery differed by participation in these models. |
Harris, Robin B; Brown, Heidi E; Begay, Rachelle L; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Chief, Carmenlita; Monroy, Fernando P; Oren, Eyal Helicobacter pylori Prevalence and Risk Factors in Three Rural Indigenous Communities of Northern Arizona Journal Article Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19 (2), pp. 797, 2022. @article{Harris2022, title = {Helicobacter pylori Prevalence and Risk Factors in Three Rural Indigenous Communities of Northern Arizona}, author = {Robin B. Harris and Heidi E. Brown and Rachelle L. Begay and Priscilla R. Sanderson and Carmenlita Chief and Fernando P. Monroy and Eyal Oren }, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/797}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph19020797}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-12}, journal = {Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health}, volume = {19}, number = {2}, pages = {797}, abstract = {Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial stomach infections and is implicated in a majority of non-cardia gastric cancer. While gastric cancer has decreased in the United States (US), the incidence in the Navajo Nation is nearly four times higher than surrounding Non-Hispanic White populations. Little is known about H. pylori prevalence in this population or other Indigenous communities in the lower 48 states. In this cross-sectional study, 101 adults representing 73 households from three Navajo Nation chapter communities completed surveys and a urea breath test for active H. pylori. Accounting for intrahousehold correlation, H. pylori prevalence was 56.4% (95% CI, 45.4–66.8) and 72% of households had at least one infected person. The odds of having an active infection in households using unregulated water were 8.85 (95% CI, 1.50–53.38) that of the use of regulated water, and males had 3.26 (95% CI, 1.05–10.07) higher odds than female. The prevalence of H. pylori in Navajo is similar to that seen in Alaska Natives. Further investigation into factors associated with prevention of infection is needed as well as understanding barriers to screening and treatment.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial stomach infections and is implicated in a majority of non-cardia gastric cancer. While gastric cancer has decreased in the United States (US), the incidence in the Navajo Nation is nearly four times higher than surrounding Non-Hispanic White populations. Little is known about H. pylori prevalence in this population or other Indigenous communities in the lower 48 states. In this cross-sectional study, 101 adults representing 73 households from three Navajo Nation chapter communities completed surveys and a urea breath test for active H. pylori. Accounting for intrahousehold correlation, H. pylori prevalence was 56.4% (95% CI, 45.4–66.8) and 72% of households had at least one infected person. The odds of having an active infection in households using unregulated water were 8.85 (95% CI, 1.50–53.38) that of the use of regulated water, and males had 3.26 (95% CI, 1.05–10.07) higher odds than female. The prevalence of H. pylori in Navajo is similar to that seen in Alaska Natives. Further investigation into factors associated with prevention of infection is needed as well as understanding barriers to screening and treatment. |
Hunter, Amanda M; Richards, Jennifer; Ali-Joseph, Alisse; Camplain, Carolyn Between Two Worlds: Impacts of COVID-19 on the AI/AN Health Research Workforce. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Journal Article AIANMHR, 29 (2), pp. 193–198, 2022. @article{Hunter2022b, title = {Between Two Worlds: Impacts of COVID-19 on the AI/AN Health Research Workforce. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research}, author = {Amanda M. Hunter and Jennifer Richards and Alisse Ali-Joseph and Carolyn Camplain}, url = {https://coloradosph.cuanschutz.edu/docs/librariesprovider205/journal_files/vol29/29_2_2022_183_hunter.pdf}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-01}, journal = {AIANMHR}, volume = {29}, number = {2}, pages = {193–198}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating global and national impacts including major loss of life, economic downturns, and ongoing impairments to mental and physical health. Conducting health research has remained a priority and has helped mitigate some of the COVID-19 devastation; however, challenges to research have arisen due to COVID-19 prevention strategies and changing community priorities for research. The purpose of this article is to focus on a critical piece of the health research process with American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and the AI/AN health research workforce. Throughout this editorial, we provide challenges faced while conducting research with AI/AN communities during the COVID-19 pandemic including changes to research processes and ongoing research studies, taking on multiple roles in academic spaces, and mourning for continuous community loss while continuing to conduct research that may benefit AI/AN communities. Using a strengths-based lens, we also provide examples of flexibility, adaptation, and resilience in the face of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating global and national impacts including major loss of life, economic downturns, and ongoing impairments to mental and physical health. Conducting health research has remained a priority and has helped mitigate some of the COVID-19 devastation; however, challenges to research have arisen due to COVID-19 prevention strategies and changing community priorities for research. The purpose of this article is to focus on a critical piece of the health research process with American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and the AI/AN health research workforce. Throughout this editorial, we provide challenges faced while conducting research with AI/AN communities during the COVID-19 pandemic including changes to research processes and ongoing research studies, taking on multiple roles in academic spaces, and mourning for continuous community loss while continuing to conduct research that may benefit AI/AN communities. Using a strengths-based lens, we also provide examples of flexibility, adaptation, and resilience in the face of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. |
2021 |
Remiker, Mark; Sabo, Samantha; Jiménez, Dulce; Longorio, Alexandra Samarron; Chief, Carmenlita; Williamson, Heather; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette Using a Multisectoral Approach to Advance Health Equity in Rural Arizona: Community-Engaged Survey Development and Implementation Study Journal Article JMIR Formative Research, 5 (5), 2021. @article{Remiker2021, title = {Using a Multisectoral Approach to Advance Health Equity in Rural Arizona: Community-Engaged Survey Development and Implementation Study}, author = {Mark Remiker and Samantha Sabo and Dulce Jiménez and Alexandra Samarron Longorio and Carmenlita Chief and Heather Williamson and Nicolette Teufel-Shone }, url = {https://formative.jmir.org/2021/5/e25577}, doi = {10.2196/25577}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-12-05}, journal = {JMIR Formative Research}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, abstract = {Over the past decade, public health research and practice sectors have shifted their focus away from identifying health disparities and toward addressing the social, environmental, and economic determinants of health equity. Given the complex and interrelated nature of these determinants, developing policies that will advance health equity requires collaboration across sectors outside of health. However, engaging various stakeholder groups, tapping into their unique knowledge systems, and identifying common objectives across sectors is difficult and time consuming and can impede collaborative efforts.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Over the past decade, public health research and practice sectors have shifted their focus away from identifying health disparities and toward addressing the social, environmental, and economic determinants of health equity. Given the complex and interrelated nature of these determinants, developing policies that will advance health equity requires collaboration across sectors outside of health. However, engaging various stakeholder groups, tapping into their unique knowledge systems, and identifying common objectives across sectors is difficult and time consuming and can impede collaborative efforts. |
Baldwin, Julie A; II, Robert Trotter T; Remiker, Mark; Buck, Loren C; Aguirre, Amanda; Milner, Trudie; Torres, Emma; von Hippel, Frank A A Community-Engaged Approach to Environmental Health Research: Process and Lessons Learned Journal Article Muse, 15 (4), pp. 533-540, 2021. @article{Baldwin2021, title = {A Community-Engaged Approach to Environmental Health Research: Process and Lessons Learned}, author = {Julie A. Baldwin and Robert T. Trotter II and Mark Remiker and C. Loren Buck and Amanda Aguirre and Trudie Milner and Emma Torres and Frank A. von Hippel}, url = {https://muse.jhu.edu/article/842128}, doi = {10.1353/cpr.2021.0043}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-12-01}, journal = {Muse}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, pages = {533-540}, publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press}, abstract = {Background: This study used a community-engaged approach to examine associations between environmental contaminants and health outcomes among residents of Yuma, Arizona. Our team conducted a process evaluation to assess scientific rigor and adherence to community engagement principles. Objective: Our evaluation focused on four dimensions of community-based participatory research: 1) context, 2) group dynamics, 3) intervention and research, and 4) outcomes. Methods: Interviews were conducted with key informants from community partner organizations. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate community partners' experiences with our collaborative process. Lessons Learned: Community partners reported collaborating to establish research goals, recruit participants, collect data, plan analyses, and formulate dissemination strategies. Training needs, roles, and expectations of community partners varied based on available resources, prior research experience, and perceived research challenges. Conclusions: Leveraging community-engaged principles for studies of environmental contamination can expedite recruitment efforts and stimulate action to improve health outcomes.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background: This study used a community-engaged approach to examine associations between environmental contaminants and health outcomes among residents of Yuma, Arizona. Our team conducted a process evaluation to assess scientific rigor and adherence to community engagement principles. Objective: Our evaluation focused on four dimensions of community-based participatory research: 1) context, 2) group dynamics, 3) intervention and research, and 4) outcomes. Methods: Interviews were conducted with key informants from community partner organizations. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate community partners' experiences with our collaborative process. Lessons Learned: Community partners reported collaborating to establish research goals, recruit participants, collect data, plan analyses, and formulate dissemination strategies. Training needs, roles, and expectations of community partners varied based on available resources, prior research experience, and perceived research challenges. Conclusions: Leveraging community-engaged principles for studies of environmental contamination can expedite recruitment efforts and stimulate action to improve health outcomes. |
Solomon, TG Arambula; Jones, D; Laurila, L; Ritchey, J; Cordova-Marks, FM; Hunter, AU; Villanueva, B Using the Community Readiness Model to Assess American Indian Communities Readiness to Address Cancer Prevention and Control Programs Journal Article Journal of Cancer Education, 2021. @article{Solomon2021, title = {Using the Community Readiness Model to Assess American Indian Communities Readiness to Address Cancer Prevention and Control Programs}, author = {TG Arambula Solomon and D Jones and L Laurila and J Ritchey and FM Cordova-Marks and AU Hunter and B Villanueva}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-021-02100-4}, doi = {10.1007/s13187-021-02100-4}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-29}, journal = {Journal of Cancer Education}, abstract = {Cancer disparities continue among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations while they have decreased among other racial and ethnic groups. No studies were found that utilized the Community Readiness Model (CRM) to ascertain the readiness of Tribal and American Indian organizations to participate in cancer research and cancer prevention and control initiatives. The Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention conducted an assessment of the status of American Indian communities’ readiness to implement activities for prevention, early detection, and treatment to improve AI/AN cancer rates. The assessment was a component of the Community Outreach Core of the grant. Thirty-four key Informants participated in the interview process. The Community Readiness Assessment (CRA) provided a baseline assessment of community partners’ readiness to participate in cancer research and programming. Despite years of cancer intervention programs, the communities were classified as being in the early stages of readiness [1–5] of the nine-stage model. Additionally, findings showed low levels of awareness of previous or ongoing cancer research. The findings in prevention and control efforts indicated a need for technical assistance and funding to support community projects in prevention and control. This supported the implementation of a community grants initiative. They also indicated that communities were not ready to conduct research, despite ongoing cancer related research in at least two communities. Communication tools and social media methods and messages were developed to increase awareness of cancer as a health concern and cancer research in the community. The CRM informed these and other engagement activities to meet the appropriate stage of readiness for each Tribe/community, and to build their capacity to participate in cancer research and programming activities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Cancer disparities continue among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations while they have decreased among other racial and ethnic groups. No studies were found that utilized the Community Readiness Model (CRM) to ascertain the readiness of Tribal and American Indian organizations to participate in cancer research and cancer prevention and control initiatives. The Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention conducted an assessment of the status of American Indian communities’ readiness to implement activities for prevention, early detection, and treatment to improve AI/AN cancer rates. The assessment was a component of the Community Outreach Core of the grant. Thirty-four key Informants participated in the interview process. The Community Readiness Assessment (CRA) provided a baseline assessment of community partners’ readiness to participate in cancer research and programming. Despite years of cancer intervention programs, the communities were classified as being in the early stages of readiness [1–5] of the nine-stage model. Additionally, findings showed low levels of awareness of previous or ongoing cancer research. The findings in prevention and control efforts indicated a need for technical assistance and funding to support community projects in prevention and control. This supported the implementation of a community grants initiative. They also indicated that communities were not ready to conduct research, despite ongoing cancer related research in at least two communities. Communication tools and social media methods and messages were developed to increase awareness of cancer as a health concern and cancer research in the community. The CRM informed these and other engagement activities to meet the appropriate stage of readiness for each Tribe/community, and to build their capacity to participate in cancer research and programming activities. |
Tomasa, Lynne; Williamson, Heather J Springer, 2021, ISBN: 978-3-030-81276-8. @book{Tomasa2022, title = {Belonging and inclusion during the aging process for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities}, author = {Lynne Tomasa and Heather J Williamson}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-81277-5_8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-81277-5_8}, isbn = {978-3-030-81276-8}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-28}, booktitle = {Engaging communities to foster belonging for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities}, publisher = {Springer}, abstract = {Future planning is a person-family-centered process that involves ongoing communication and an understanding of the person with a disability, their family, and the supports needed to have a meaningful quality of life. Individual characteristics, interpersonal relationships, family roles, service systems, policies, and societal factors can impact planning for the future. This chapter highlights the importance of promoting future planning and how to support individuals with an intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) and their families. The chapter begins with an overview of the issues faced by a society that is aging followed by a review of research regarding planning domains, role of family members, relationships, and planning strategies. The chapter also uses four family stories to illustrate how a planning tool can be used to facilitate communication about their futures. Lastly, future planning is discussed using the ten dimensions of Carter’s (2016) belonging framework as well as how resilience can be enhanced through the future planning process. The chapter concludes with discussion questions, tools, and resources for individuals with IDD and their families which can support future planning.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } Future planning is a person-family-centered process that involves ongoing communication and an understanding of the person with a disability, their family, and the supports needed to have a meaningful quality of life. Individual characteristics, interpersonal relationships, family roles, service systems, policies, and societal factors can impact planning for the future. This chapter highlights the importance of promoting future planning and how to support individuals with an intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) and their families. The chapter begins with an overview of the issues faced by a society that is aging followed by a review of research regarding planning domains, role of family members, relationships, and planning strategies. The chapter also uses four family stories to illustrate how a planning tool can be used to facilitate communication about their futures. Lastly, future planning is discussed using the ten dimensions of Carter’s (2016) belonging framework as well as how resilience can be enhanced through the future planning process. The chapter concludes with discussion questions, tools, and resources for individuals with IDD and their families which can support future planning. |
Camplain, Ricky; Pinn, Travis A; Becenti, Lyle; Williamson, Heather J; Pro, George; Luna, Crystal; Bret, James Patterns of Physical Activity Among Women Incarcerated in Jail Journal Article Journal of Correctional Health Care, 2021. @article{Camplain2021c, title = {Patterns of Physical Activity Among Women Incarcerated in Jail}, author = {Ricky Camplain and Travis A. Pinn and Lyle Becenti and Heather J. Williamson and George Pro and Crystal Luna and James Bret}, url = {http://doi.org/10.1089/jchc.20.05.0041}, doi = {10.1089/jchc.20.05.0041}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-26}, journal = {Journal of Correctional Health Care}, abstract = {The physical and mental health benefits of physical activity in all populations are well established. In 2019, incarcerated women at a Southwest county jail were observed during "recreation time," a time when physical activity is encouraged, to identify the proportion of women who participated in recreation time and their physical activity levels. During observed recreation times, 28% of women attended; 56% were sedentary, 4% engaged in vigorous physical activity, and approximately 40% walked or performed similarly moderate physical activity. Future research should identify barriers to being physically active while incarcerated, leading to targeted interventions to promote physical activity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The physical and mental health benefits of physical activity in all populations are well established. In 2019, incarcerated women at a Southwest county jail were observed during "recreation time," a time when physical activity is encouraged, to identify the proportion of women who participated in recreation time and their physical activity levels. During observed recreation times, 28% of women attended; 56% were sedentary, 4% engaged in vigorous physical activity, and approximately 40% walked or performed similarly moderate physical activity. Future research should identify barriers to being physically active while incarcerated, leading to targeted interventions to promote physical activity. |
Fisher, Kim W; Williamson, Heather J; Guerra, Nichole; Kupferman, Scott Digital Citizenship: Technology Access and Use for Youth With and Without Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Journal Article Inclusion, 9 (4), pp. 263–275, 2021. @article{Fisher2021, title = {Digital Citizenship: Technology Access and Use for Youth With and Without Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities}, author = {Kim W. Fisher and Heather J. Williamson and Nichole Guerra and Scott Kupferman}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-9.4.263}, doi = {10.1352/2326-6988-9.4.263}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-23}, journal = {Inclusion}, volume = {9}, number = {4}, pages = {263–275}, abstract = {Technology is integral to the lives of youth who, as digital citizens, use technology to participate in social and civic action to improve their communities. Using a digital citizenship framework and National Longitudinal Transition Study of 2012 data, we explored technology access and use between youth with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). We found youth with IDD have less access and less participation across four digital citizenship elements putting them at greater risk for digital social isolation and community disengagement. Given the COVID-19 pandemic, which has thrust employment, school, health, and social lives to online spaces, we situate our findings on digital access, opportunity, and support and call for individual and systems-level investment in digital citizenship to support full participation.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Technology is integral to the lives of youth who, as digital citizens, use technology to participate in social and civic action to improve their communities. Using a digital citizenship framework and National Longitudinal Transition Study of 2012 data, we explored technology access and use between youth with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). We found youth with IDD have less access and less participation across four digital citizenship elements putting them at greater risk for digital social isolation and community disengagement. Given the COVID-19 pandemic, which has thrust employment, school, health, and social lives to online spaces, we situate our findings on digital access, opportunity, and support and call for individual and systems-level investment in digital citizenship to support full participation. |
Behar-Horenstein, Linda S; Suiter, Sarah; Snyder, Frederick; Laurila, Kelly Consensus Building to Inform Common Evaluation Metrics for the Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) Program Journal Article Journal of Cancer Education, 2021. @article{Behar-Horenstein2021, title = {Consensus Building to Inform Common Evaluation Metrics for the Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) Program}, author = {Linda S. Behar-Horenstein and Sarah Suiter and Frederick Snyder and Kelly Laurila}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-021-02103-1}, doi = {10.1007/s13187-021-02103-1}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-06}, journal = {Journal of Cancer Education}, abstract = {Common measures facilitate the standardization of assessment practices. These types of measures are needed to develop instruments that can be used to assess the overall effectiveness of the U54 Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) funding mechanism. Developing common measures requires a multi-phase process. Stakeholders used the nominal group technique, a consensus development process, and the Grid-Enabled Measures (GEM) platform to identify evaluation constructs and measures of those constructs. Use of these instruments will ensure the implementation of standardized data elements, facilitate data integration, enhance the quality of evaluation reporting to the National Cancer Institute, foster comparative analyses across centers, and support the national assessment of the CPACHE program.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Common measures facilitate the standardization of assessment practices. These types of measures are needed to develop instruments that can be used to assess the overall effectiveness of the U54 Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) funding mechanism. Developing common measures requires a multi-phase process. Stakeholders used the nominal group technique, a consensus development process, and the Grid-Enabled Measures (GEM) platform to identify evaluation constructs and measures of those constructs. Use of these instruments will ensure the implementation of standardized data elements, facilitate data integration, enhance the quality of evaluation reporting to the National Cancer Institute, foster comparative analyses across centers, and support the national assessment of the CPACHE program. |
Tutt, Marissa; Becenti, Lyle; Tallis, Kristen; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette Intertribal Collaboration and Health: A Literature Review Journal Article Turtle Island Journal of Indigenous Health , 1 (2), pp. 116-123, 2021. @article{Tutt2021, title = {Intertribal Collaboration and Health: A Literature Review}, author = {Marissa Tutt and Lyle Becenti and Kristen Tallis and Nicolette Teufel-Shone}, url = {https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/tijih/issue/view/2514/487}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-01}, journal = {Turtle Island Journal of Indigenous Health }, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {116-123}, abstract = {In the United States, American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN) are rebuilding their nations through assertion of sovereignty, standards of governance, cultural frameworks, strategic orientation, and effective leadership. The approach emphasizes tribal self-determination in managing nation affairs and reducing reliance on state and federal assistance. Through nation-building, tribal nations can improve their citizens’ health and well-being while empowering local capacity and cultural pride. Intertribal collaboration can be an effective strategy to leverage resources and create a coalition for support and knowledge exchange; however, the research documenting practices, and outcomes of tribal health management that uses intertribal collaboration is limited. This systematic review investigates health-focused collaborations among the tribal nations in North America. Peer-reviewed articles that included at least two federally recognized tribes, de-scribed AIAN driven initiatives, implemented a health management plan, collaborated between Indigenous leaders, and goals of social, behavioral, mental, and physical health outcomes were examined. This search was limited to articles published between January 1, 1970 to November 30, 2019. The PRISMA systematic review process was used. Twenty-seven articles were screened, and three articles were eligible for thematic review. The articles highlighted the importance of utilizing an Indigenous framework to facilitate program management and collaboration, recognition of cultural differences, and sovereignty rights. Characteristics that contributed to the establishment and strengthening of intertribal collaboration were: (1) adapt new proposals, (2) respectful recognition of sovereignty, and (3) transparent and honest communication. The small sample size indicated most Indigenous health programs are not “AIAN-driven”, limiting the foundation for building evidence-based frameworks.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In the United States, American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN) are rebuilding their nations through assertion of sovereignty, standards of governance, cultural frameworks, strategic orientation, and effective leadership. The approach emphasizes tribal self-determination in managing nation affairs and reducing reliance on state and federal assistance. Through nation-building, tribal nations can improve their citizens’ health and well-being while empowering local capacity and cultural pride. Intertribal collaboration can be an effective strategy to leverage resources and create a coalition for support and knowledge exchange; however, the research documenting practices, and outcomes of tribal health management that uses intertribal collaboration is limited. This systematic review investigates health-focused collaborations among the tribal nations in North America. Peer-reviewed articles that included at least two federally recognized tribes, de-scribed AIAN driven initiatives, implemented a health management plan, collaborated between Indigenous leaders, and goals of social, behavioral, mental, and physical health outcomes were examined. This search was limited to articles published between January 1, 1970 to November 30, 2019. The PRISMA systematic review process was used. Twenty-seven articles were screened, and three articles were eligible for thematic review. The articles highlighted the importance of utilizing an Indigenous framework to facilitate program management and collaboration, recognition of cultural differences, and sovereignty rights. Characteristics that contributed to the establishment and strengthening of intertribal collaboration were: (1) adapt new proposals, (2) respectful recognition of sovereignty, and (3) transparent and honest communication. The small sample size indicated most Indigenous health programs are not “AIAN-driven”, limiting the foundation for building evidence-based frameworks. |
Cooper, Dan M; Zulu, Michael Z; Jankeel, Allen; Ibraim, Izabela Coimbra; Ardo, Jessica; Kasper, Kirsten; Stephens, Diana; Meyer, Andria; Stehli, Annamarie; Condon, Curt; Londoño, Mary E; Schreiber, Casey M; Lopez, Nanette V; Camplain, Ricky L; Weiss, Michael; Golden, Charles; Radom-Aizik, Shlomit; Boden-Albala, Bernadette; Chau, Clayton; Messaoudi, Ilhem; Ulloa, Erlinda R SARS-CoV-2 Acquisition and Immune Pathogenesis Among School-Aged Learners in Four K-12 Schools Journal Article Pediatric Research, 90 , pp. 1073-2080, 2021. @article{Cooper2021, title = {SARS-CoV-2 Acquisition and Immune Pathogenesis Among School-Aged Learners in Four K-12 Schools}, author = {Dan M Cooper and Michael Z Zulu and Allen Jankeel and Izabela Coimbra Ibraim and Jessica Ardo and Kirsten Kasper and Diana Stephens and Andria Meyer and Annamarie Stehli and Curt Condon and Mary E Londoño and Casey M Schreiber and Nanette V Lopez and Ricky L Camplain and Michael Weiss and Charles Golden and Shlomit Radom-Aizik and Bernadette Boden-Albala and Clayton Chau and Ilhem Messaoudi and Erlinda R. Ulloa}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.20.21254035}, doi = {10.1038/s41390-021-01660-x}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-11-01}, journal = {Pediatric Research}, volume = {90}, pages = {1073-2080}, abstract = {Understanding SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is necessary to reopen schools safely. We measured SARS-CoV-2 infection in 320 learners [10.5 ± 2.1 (sd); 7–17 y.o.] at four diverse schools with either remote or on-site learning. Schools A and B served low-income Hispanic learners; school C served many special-needs learners, and all provided predominantly remote instruction. School D served middle- and upper-income learners, with predominantly on-site instruction. Testing occurred in the fall (2020), and 6–8 weeks later during the fall-winter surge (notable for a tenfold increase in COVID-19 cases). Immune responses and mitigation fidelity were also measured. We found SARS-CoV-2 infections in 17 learners only during the surge. School A (97% remote learners) had the highest infection (10/70, 14.3%, p < 0.01) and IgG positivity rates (13/66, 19.7%). School D (93% on-site learners) had the lowest infection and IgG positivity rates (1/63, 1.6%). Mitigation compliance [physical distancing (mean 87.4%) and face-covering (91.3%)] was remarkably high at all schools. Documented SARS-CoV-2-infected learners had neutralizing antibodies (94.7%), robust IFN-γ + T cell responses, and reduced monocytes. Schools can implement successful mitigation strategies across a wide range of student diversity. Despite asymptomatic to mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, children generate robust humoral and cellular immune responses.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Understanding SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is necessary to reopen schools safely. We measured SARS-CoV-2 infection in 320 learners [10.5 ± 2.1 (sd); 7–17 y.o.] at four diverse schools with either remote or on-site learning. Schools A and B served low-income Hispanic learners; school C served many special-needs learners, and all provided predominantly remote instruction. School D served middle- and upper-income learners, with predominantly on-site instruction. Testing occurred in the fall (2020), and 6–8 weeks later during the fall-winter surge (notable for a tenfold increase in COVID-19 cases). Immune responses and mitigation fidelity were also measured. We found SARS-CoV-2 infections in 17 learners only during the surge. School A (97% remote learners) had the highest infection (10/70, 14.3%, p < 0.01) and IgG positivity rates (13/66, 19.7%). School D (93% on-site learners) had the lowest infection and IgG positivity rates (1/63, 1.6%). Mitigation compliance [physical distancing (mean 87.4%) and face-covering (91.3%)] was remarkably high at all schools. Documented SARS-CoV-2-infected learners had neutralizing antibodies (94.7%), robust IFN-γ + T cell responses, and reduced monocytes. Schools can implement successful mitigation strategies across a wide range of student diversity. Despite asymptomatic to mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, children generate robust humoral and cellular immune responses. |
Kumar, Amit; Roy, Indrakshi; Bosch, Pamela; Fehnel, Corey; Garnica, Nicholas; Cook, Jon; Warren, Meghan; Karmarkar, Amol Medicare Claim–Based National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale to Predict 30-Day Mortality and Hospital Readmission Journal Article Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2021. @article{Kumar2021, title = {Medicare Claim–Based National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale to Predict 30-Day Mortality and Hospital Readmission}, author = {Amit Kumar and Indrakshi Roy and Pamela Bosch and Corey Fehnel and Nicholas Garnica and Jon Cook and Meghan Warren and Amol Karmarkar}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-07162-0}, doi = {10.1007/s11606-021-07162-0}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-10-26}, journal = {Journal of General Internal Medicine}, abstract = {The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) penalizes hospitals for higher than expected 30-day mortality rates using methods without accounting for condition severity risk adjustment. For patients with stroke, CMS claims did not quantify stroke severity until recently, when the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) reporting began. Examine the predictive ability of claim-based NIHSS to predict 30-day mortality and 30-day hospital readmission in patients with ischemic stroke.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) penalizes hospitals for higher than expected 30-day mortality rates using methods without accounting for condition severity risk adjustment. For patients with stroke, CMS claims did not quantify stroke severity until recently, when the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) reporting began. Examine the predictive ability of claim-based NIHSS to predict 30-day mortality and 30-day hospital readmission in patients with ischemic stroke. |
Rivera-Hernandez, Maricruz; Kumar, Amit; Roy, Indrakshi; Fashaw-Walters, Shekinah; Baldwin, Julie A Quality of Care and Outcomes Among a Diverse Group of Long-Term Care Residents With Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Journal Article Journal of Aging and Health, 2021. @article{Rivera-Hernandez2021, title = {Quality of Care and Outcomes Among a Diverse Group of Long-Term Care Residents With Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias}, author = {Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez and Amit Kumar and Indrakshi Roy and Shekinah Fashaw-Walters and Julie A. Baldwin}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/08982643211043319 }, doi = {10.1177/08982643211043319}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-10-11}, journal = {Journal of Aging and Health}, abstract = {This article assessed whether disparities among ADRD Medicare beneficiaries existed in five different long-stay quality measures. Methods: We linked individual-level data and facility-level characteristics. The main quality outcomes included whether residents: 1) were assessed/appropriately given the seasonal influenza vaccine; 2) received an antipsychotic medication; 3) experienced one/more falls with major injury; 4) were physically restrained; and 5) lost too much weight. Results: In 2016, there were 1,005,781 Medicare Advantage and fee-for-service long-term residents. About 78% were White, 13% Black, 2% Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian/PI), 6% Hispanic, and 0.4% American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN). Whites reported higher use of antipsychotic medications along with Hispanics and AI/AN (28%, 28%, and 27%, respectively). Similarly, Whites and AIs/ANs reported having one/more falls compared to the other groups (9% and 8%, respectively). Discussion: Efforts to understand disparities in access and quality of care among American Indians/Alaska Natives are needed, especially post-pandemic.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This article assessed whether disparities among ADRD Medicare beneficiaries existed in five different long-stay quality measures. Methods: We linked individual-level data and facility-level characteristics. The main quality outcomes included whether residents: 1) were assessed/appropriately given the seasonal influenza vaccine; 2) received an antipsychotic medication; 3) experienced one/more falls with major injury; 4) were physically restrained; and 5) lost too much weight. Results: In 2016, there were 1,005,781 Medicare Advantage and fee-for-service long-term residents. About 78% were White, 13% Black, 2% Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian/PI), 6% Hispanic, and 0.4% American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN). Whites reported higher use of antipsychotic medications along with Hispanics and AI/AN (28%, 28%, and 27%, respectively). Similarly, Whites and AIs/ANs reported having one/more falls compared to the other groups (9% and 8%, respectively). Discussion: Efforts to understand disparities in access and quality of care among American Indians/Alaska Natives are needed, especially post-pandemic. |
Pollitt, Amanda M; Roberts, Tangela S Internalized Binegativity, LGBQ + Community Involvement, and Definitions of Bisexuality Journal Article Journal of Bisexuality, 21 (3), pp. 357-379, 2021. @article{Pollitt2021, title = {Internalized Binegativity, LGBQ + Community Involvement, and Definitions of Bisexuality}, author = {Amanda M. Pollitt and Tangela S. Roberts}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/15299716.2021.1984363}, doi = {10.1080/15299716.2021.1984363}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-10-06}, journal = {Journal of Bisexuality}, volume = {21}, number = {3}, pages = {357-379}, abstract = {Bisexual people can internalize stigma from both heterosexual and gay/lesbian communities, which often occurs in the form of monosexism, the belief that people should only be attracted to one gender. Although community involvement is protective for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer+ (LGBQ+) people, bisexual people may benefit more from bisexual-specific communities than LGBQ + communities because of monosexism. Further, how bisexual people define their identity may be related to internalized binegativity, especially given the historical invisibility of bisexuality in mainstream media and recent debates about the definition of bisexuality within LGBQ + communities. We examined LGBQ + and bisexual-specific community involvement, definitions of bisexuality, and internalized binegativity among an online sample of 816 bisexual adults. Multivariate regression analyses showed that those with spectrum definitions, which acknowledged a nuanced understanding of sex, gender, and sexuality, reported lower internalized binegativity than those with binary definitions, which described sexuality as consistent with mainstream norms. Involvement in LGBQ + communities, but not bisexual communities, was associated with lower internalized binegativity. There was no interaction between type of definition and type of community involvement. Our results suggest that broad community involvement may be protective for internalized binegativity, but findings should be considered in light of a lack of well-funded, local bisexual communities. The current study adds to a growing literature on sexual minority stressors among bisexual people, a population that continues to be understudied.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Bisexual people can internalize stigma from both heterosexual and gay/lesbian communities, which often occurs in the form of monosexism, the belief that people should only be attracted to one gender. Although community involvement is protective for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer+ (LGBQ+) people, bisexual people may benefit more from bisexual-specific communities than LGBQ + communities because of monosexism. Further, how bisexual people define their identity may be related to internalized binegativity, especially given the historical invisibility of bisexuality in mainstream media and recent debates about the definition of bisexuality within LGBQ + communities. We examined LGBQ + and bisexual-specific community involvement, definitions of bisexuality, and internalized binegativity among an online sample of 816 bisexual adults. Multivariate regression analyses showed that those with spectrum definitions, which acknowledged a nuanced understanding of sex, gender, and sexuality, reported lower internalized binegativity than those with binary definitions, which described sexuality as consistent with mainstream norms. Involvement in LGBQ + communities, but not bisexual communities, was associated with lower internalized binegativity. There was no interaction between type of definition and type of community involvement. Our results suggest that broad community involvement may be protective for internalized binegativity, but findings should be considered in light of a lack of well-funded, local bisexual communities. The current study adds to a growing literature on sexual minority stressors among bisexual people, a population that continues to be understudied. |
Lee, Michele S; Peart, Jillian R; Armin, Julie S; Williamson, Heather J Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 14 (3), 2021. @article{Lee2021c, title = {A Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators to Pap Testing in Women with Disabilities and Serious Mental Illnesses: Thirty Years After the Americans with Disabilities Act}, author = {Michele S. Lee and Jillian R. Peart and Julie S. Armin and Heather J. Williamson}, url = {https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol14/iss3/2 }, year = {2021}, date = {2021-10-01}, journal = {Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice}, volume = {14}, number = {3}, abstract = {Thirty years after the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was passed, promising equal access to health services for people with disabilities and serious mental illness, research on Pap testing continues to uncover health disparities among women with disabilities and women with serious mental illnesses, including those that identify as an ethnic/racial minority. The purpose of this paper is to describe and present the literature on the barriers and facilitators women with disabilities and women with serious mental illnesses face with receiving a Pap test using the social ecological model. We also examined the degree to which racial/ethnic minority women were included in these articles.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Thirty years after the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was passed, promising equal access to health services for people with disabilities and serious mental illness, research on Pap testing continues to uncover health disparities among women with disabilities and women with serious mental illnesses, including those that identify as an ethnic/racial minority. The purpose of this paper is to describe and present the literature on the barriers and facilitators women with disabilities and women with serious mental illnesses face with receiving a Pap test using the social ecological model. We also examined the degree to which racial/ethnic minority women were included in these articles. |
Pearson, Talima; Hepp, Crystal; II, Robert Trotter T; Mbegbu, Mimi; Russakoff, Benjamin; Yagüe, David Panisello; Wood, Colin; Tucker-Morgan, Kara; Ceniceros, Kathya; Padilla, Cristina; Kyman, Shari; Villa, Francisco Genome Sequences of Community Carriage Strains of Staphylococcus aureus from Yuma, Arizona Journal Article Microbiology Resource Announcements, 10 (37), 2021. @article{Pearson2021, title = {Genome Sequences of Community Carriage Strains of Staphylococcus aureus from Yuma, Arizona}, author = {Talima Pearson and Crystal Hepp and Robert T Trotter II and Mimi Mbegbu and Benjamin Russakoff and David Panisello Yagüe and Colin Wood and Kara Tucker-Morgan and Kathya Ceniceros and Cristina Padilla and Shari Kyman and Francisco Villa}, url = {https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/MRA.00449-21}, doi = {10.1128/MRA.00449-21}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-09-16}, journal = {Microbiology Resource Announcements}, volume = {10}, number = {37}, abstract = {Staphylococcus aureus exists as a pathogen and commensal. Individuals with asymptomatic carriage serve as a reservoir for transmission and are at increased risk of infecting themselves. In order to characterize the genomic diversity of S. aureus circulating in the community, we sequenced 166 genomes collected from individuals in Yuma, AZ.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Staphylococcus aureus exists as a pathogen and commensal. Individuals with asymptomatic carriage serve as a reservoir for transmission and are at increased risk of infecting themselves. In order to characterize the genomic diversity of S. aureus circulating in the community, we sequenced 166 genomes collected from individuals in Yuma, AZ. |
Ransdell, Lynda B; Wayment, Heidi A; Lopez, Nanette; Lorts, Cori; Schwartz, Anna L; Pugliesi, Karen; Pohl, Patricia S; Bycura, Dierdra; Camplain, Ricky Women, 1 (3), pp. 143-168, 2021. @article{Ransdell2021b, title = {The Impact of Resistance Training on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Functional Fitness in Older Women (45–80 Years): A Systematic Review (2010–2020)}, author = {Lynda B. Ransdell and Heidi A. Wayment and Nanette Lopez and Cori Lorts and Anna L. Schwartz and Karen Pugliesi and Patricia S. Pohl and Dierdra Bycura and Ricky Camplain}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/women1030014}, doi = {10.3390/women1030014}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-09-14}, journal = {Women}, volume = {1}, number = {3}, pages = {143-168}, abstract = {As women age, they typically experience a progressive decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength, which can lead to a decline in functional fitness and quality of life. Resistance training (RT) has the potential to attenuate these losses. Although well established for men, evidence regarding the benefits of RT for women is sparse and inconsistent: prior reviews include too few studies with women and do not adequately examine the interactive or additive impacts of workload, modalities, and nutritional supplements on outcomes such as muscle mass (MM), body composition (BC), muscle strength (MS), and functional fitness (FF). The purpose of this review is to identify these gaps. Thirty-eight papers published between 2010 and 2020 (in English) represent 2519 subjects (mean age = 66.89 ± 4.91 years). Intervention averages include 2 to 3 × 50 min sessions across 15 weeks with 7 exercises per session and 11 repetitions per set. Twelve studies (32%) examined the impact of RT plus dietary manipulation. MM, MS, and FF showed positive changes after RT. Adding RT to fitness regimens for peri- to postmenopausal women is likely to have positive benefits.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } As women age, they typically experience a progressive decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength, which can lead to a decline in functional fitness and quality of life. Resistance training (RT) has the potential to attenuate these losses. Although well established for men, evidence regarding the benefits of RT for women is sparse and inconsistent: prior reviews include too few studies with women and do not adequately examine the interactive or additive impacts of workload, modalities, and nutritional supplements on outcomes such as muscle mass (MM), body composition (BC), muscle strength (MS), and functional fitness (FF). The purpose of this review is to identify these gaps. Thirty-eight papers published between 2010 and 2020 (in English) represent 2519 subjects (mean age = 66.89 ± 4.91 years). Intervention averages include 2 to 3 × 50 min sessions across 15 weeks with 7 exercises per session and 11 repetitions per set. Twelve studies (32%) examined the impact of RT plus dietary manipulation. MM, MS, and FF showed positive changes after RT. Adding RT to fitness regimens for peri- to postmenopausal women is likely to have positive benefits. |
Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Chief, Carmenlita; Richards, Jennifer R; Clausen, Rebecca J; Yazzie, Alfred; Jr, Manley Begay A; Lothrop, Nathan; Yazzie, Janene; Begay, Andria B; Beamer, Paloma I; Chief, Karletta International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (17), pp. 9402, 2021. @article{Teufel-Shone2021, title = {Development of a Culturally Anchored Qualitative Approach to Conduct and Analyze Focus Group Narratives Collected in Diné (Navajo) Communities to Understand the Impacts of the Gold King Mine Spill of 2015}, author = {Nicolette I Teufel-Shone and Carmenlita Chief and Jennifer R Richards and Rebecca J Clausen and Alfred Yazzie and Manley A Begay Jr and Nathan Lothrop and Janene Yazzie and Andria B Begay and Paloma I Beamer and Karletta Chief}, url = { https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179402}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph18179402}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-09-06}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {18}, number = {17}, pages = {9402}, abstract = {The Gold King Mine Spill (Spill) occurred in August 2015 upstream from Silverton, Colorado and released three million gallons of contaminated water into the Animas River, a tributary to the San Juan River that flows across the Navajo Nation. Using principles of community-engaged research, the Gold King Mine Spill Diné Exposure Project co-developed a culturally anchored approach to conduct focus groups and analyze narratives collected in three Diné (Navajo) communities along the San Juan River within 9 months of the Spill. Focus group questions were designed to document the socio-cultural impacts of the Spill. This paper: (1) outlines the partnerships and approvals; (2) describes focus group design, training, data collection and analysis; and (3) reflects on the use of a culturally anchored approach in Indigenous, specifically Diné-centered research. Diné social and cultural etiquette and concepts of relationality were used to adapt standard (non-Indigenous) qualitative methods. Findings describe community perceptions of short-term impacts of the disaster, as well as past and present injustices, communication related to the Spill, and concerns of persistent threats to Diné lifeways. The culturally anchored approach was critical in fostering trust with Diné participants and aligned with the candor of the discussions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Gold King Mine Spill (Spill) occurred in August 2015 upstream from Silverton, Colorado and released three million gallons of contaminated water into the Animas River, a tributary to the San Juan River that flows across the Navajo Nation. Using principles of community-engaged research, the Gold King Mine Spill Diné Exposure Project co-developed a culturally anchored approach to conduct focus groups and analyze narratives collected in three Diné (Navajo) communities along the San Juan River within 9 months of the Spill. Focus group questions were designed to document the socio-cultural impacts of the Spill. This paper: (1) outlines the partnerships and approvals; (2) describes focus group design, training, data collection and analysis; and (3) reflects on the use of a culturally anchored approach in Indigenous, specifically Diné-centered research. Diné social and cultural etiquette and concepts of relationality were used to adapt standard (non-Indigenous) qualitative methods. Findings describe community perceptions of short-term impacts of the disaster, as well as past and present injustices, communication related to the Spill, and concerns of persistent threats to Diné lifeways. The culturally anchored approach was critical in fostering trust with Diné participants and aligned with the candor of the discussions. |
Horne, Yoshira Ornelas Van; Chief, Karletta; Charley, Perry H; Begay, Mae-Gilene; Bell, Nathan Lothrop 5and Melanie L; Canales, Robert A; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I; Beamer, Paloma I Impacts to Diné activities with the San Juan River after the Gold King Mine Spill Journal Article J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol, 31 (5), pp. 852-86, 2021. @article{Horne2021, title = {Impacts to Diné activities with the San Juan River after the Gold King Mine Spill}, author = {Yoshira Ornelas Van Horne and Karletta Chief and Perry H Charley and Mae-Gilene Begay and Nathan Lothrop 5and Melanie L Bell and Robert A Canales and Nicolette I Teufel-Shone and Paloma I Beamer}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33526814/}, doi = {10.1038/s41370-021-00290-z}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-09-01}, journal = {J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol}, volume = {31}, number = {5}, pages = {852-86}, abstract = {On August 5th, 2015, 3 million gallons of acid mine drainage was accidentally discharged from the Gold King Mine near Silverton, Colorado into Cement Creek which is a tributary to the Animas and San Juan Rivers. The government-initiated risk assessment only assessed a recreational scenario (i.e. hiker drinking from the river), failing to recognize the deep connection of the Diné (Navajo) with the San Juan River. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach we determined the impacts of the 2015 Gold King Mine Spill (GKMS or Spill) on Diné activities. We developed a questionnaire to collect pre- and post-GKMS Diné activity frequency and duration. Navajo Nation Community Health Representatives administered the questionnaire to 63 Diné adults and 27 children living in three Navajo communities along the River. Through analysis of the focus group transcripts we identified 43 unique activities between the Diné and San Juan River. There were significant reductions in the total number, frequency, and duration of livelihood, dietary, recreational, cultural/spiritual and arts and craft activities. On average, Diné activities with the San Juan River following the GKMS decreased by 56.2%. The significant reduction in activities following the GKMS may lead to long-term trauma, impacting the ability of the Diné to pass down teachings to their children affecting future generations to come. The 43 distinct activities between the Diné and the San Juan River highlight the importance for scientists and disaster responders to consider cultural and spiritual impacts when responding to environmental disasters and conducting risk assessments among Indigenous communities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } On August 5th, 2015, 3 million gallons of acid mine drainage was accidentally discharged from the Gold King Mine near Silverton, Colorado into Cement Creek which is a tributary to the Animas and San Juan Rivers. The government-initiated risk assessment only assessed a recreational scenario (i.e. hiker drinking from the river), failing to recognize the deep connection of the Diné (Navajo) with the San Juan River. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach we determined the impacts of the 2015 Gold King Mine Spill (GKMS or Spill) on Diné activities. We developed a questionnaire to collect pre- and post-GKMS Diné activity frequency and duration. Navajo Nation Community Health Representatives administered the questionnaire to 63 Diné adults and 27 children living in three Navajo communities along the River. Through analysis of the focus group transcripts we identified 43 unique activities between the Diné and San Juan River. There were significant reductions in the total number, frequency, and duration of livelihood, dietary, recreational, cultural/spiritual and arts and craft activities. On average, Diné activities with the San Juan River following the GKMS decreased by 56.2%. The significant reduction in activities following the GKMS may lead to long-term trauma, impacting the ability of the Diné to pass down teachings to their children affecting future generations to come. The 43 distinct activities between the Diné and the San Juan River highlight the importance for scientists and disaster responders to consider cultural and spiritual impacts when responding to environmental disasters and conducting risk assessments among Indigenous communities. |
Credo, Jonathan; Ingram, Jani C Perspective Developing Successful Collaborative Research Partnerships with AI/AN Communities Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (17), pp. 9089, 2021. @article{Credo2021, title = {Perspective Developing Successful Collaborative Research Partnerships with AI/AN Communities}, author = {Jonathan Credo and Jani C Ingram}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34501677/}, doi = {10.3390/ijerph18179089}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-08-28}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, volume = {18}, number = {17}, pages = {9089}, abstract = {In the United States, American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people are frequently under- or misrepresented in research and health statistics. A principal reason for this disparity is the lack of collaborative partnerships between researchers and tribes. There are hesitations from both academic Western scientists and tribal communities to establish new partnerships due to differences in cultural and scientific understanding, from data ownership and privacy to dissemination and project expansion. An infamous example is the mishandling of samples collected from the Havasupai Tribe by Arizona State University (ASU) scientists, leading to a legal battle between the tribe and ASU and ending in a moratorium of research with the Havasupai people. This paper will explore three successful and positive collaborations with a large and small tribe, including how the partnerships were established and the outcomes of the collaboration. In addition, the paper will provide perspective of what needs to be addressed by Western scientists if productive collaborations with tribal groups are to be established.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In the United States, American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people are frequently under- or misrepresented in research and health statistics. A principal reason for this disparity is the lack of collaborative partnerships between researchers and tribes. There are hesitations from both academic Western scientists and tribal communities to establish new partnerships due to differences in cultural and scientific understanding, from data ownership and privacy to dissemination and project expansion. An infamous example is the mishandling of samples collected from the Havasupai Tribe by Arizona State University (ASU) scientists, leading to a legal battle between the tribe and ASU and ending in a moratorium of research with the Havasupai people. This paper will explore three successful and positive collaborations with a large and small tribe, including how the partnerships were established and the outcomes of the collaboration. In addition, the paper will provide perspective of what needs to be addressed by Western scientists if productive collaborations with tribal groups are to be established. |
Cox, Genevieve R; FireMoon, Paula; Anastario, Michael P; Ricker, Adriann; Thunder, Ramey Escarcega-Growing; Baldwin, Julie A; Rink, Elizabeth Indigenous standpoint theory as a theoretical framework for decolonizing social science health research with American Indian communities Journal Article AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples, 2021. @article{Cox2021, title = {Indigenous standpoint theory as a theoretical framework for decolonizing social science health research with American Indian communities}, author = {Genevieve R Cox and Paula FireMoon and Michael P Anastario and Adriann Ricker and Ramey Escarcega-Growing Thunder and Julie A Baldwin and Elizabeth Rink}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/11771801211042019}, doi = {10.1177/11771801211042019}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-08-26}, journal = {AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples}, abstract = {Theoretical frameworks rooted in Western knowledge claims utilized for public health research in the social sciences are not inclusive of American Indian communities. Developed by Indigenous researchers, Indigenous standpoint theory builds from and moves beyond Western theoretical frameworks. We argue that using Indigenous standpoint theory in partnership with American Indian communities works to decolonize research related to American Indian health in the social sciences and combats the effects of colonization in three ways. First, Indigenous standpoint theory aids in interpreting how the intersections unique to American Indians including the effects of colonization, tribal and other identities, and cultural context are linked to structural inequalities for American Indian communities. Second, Indigenous standpoint theory integrates Indigenous ways of knowing with Western research orientations and methodologies in a collaborative process that works to decolonize social science research for American Indians. Third, Indigenous standpoint theory promotes direct application of research benefits to American Indian communities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Theoretical frameworks rooted in Western knowledge claims utilized for public health research in the social sciences are not inclusive of American Indian communities. Developed by Indigenous researchers, Indigenous standpoint theory builds from and moves beyond Western theoretical frameworks. We argue that using Indigenous standpoint theory in partnership with American Indian communities works to decolonize research related to American Indian health in the social sciences and combats the effects of colonization in three ways. First, Indigenous standpoint theory aids in interpreting how the intersections unique to American Indians including the effects of colonization, tribal and other identities, and cultural context are linked to structural inequalities for American Indian communities. Second, Indigenous standpoint theory integrates Indigenous ways of knowing with Western research orientations and methodologies in a collaborative process that works to decolonize social science research for American Indians. Third, Indigenous standpoint theory promotes direct application of research benefits to American Indian communities. |
Ransdell, Lynda B; Wayment, Heidi A; Schwartz, Anna L; Lane, Taylor S; Baldwin, Julie A Precision mentoring (PM): a proposed framework for increasing research capacity in health-related disciplines Journal Article Medical Education Online, 26 (1), 2021. @article{Ransdell2021c, title = {Precision mentoring (PM): a proposed framework for increasing research capacity in health-related disciplines}, author = {Lynda B Ransdell and Heidi A Wayment and Anna L Schwartz and Taylor S Lane and Julie A Baldwin}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10872981.2021.1964933}, doi = {10.1080/10872981.2021.1964933}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-08-24}, journal = {Medical Education Online}, volume = {26}, number = {1}, abstract = {Research productivity is expected of academic faculty, and mentoring can facilitate it. This paper presents a framework for using mentoring to develop researchers in health disciplines. We utilized recent literature reviews, and experience developing researchers at an emerging research institution within the Research Centers for Minority Institutions (RCMI) program, to propose a precision mentoring (PM) framework for research development. Although we cannot precisely determine how much improvement was due to the PM framework, over the 4 years of our program, the quality and quantity of pilot project proposals (PPP) has increased, the number of external proposals submitted and funded by PPP investigators has increased, and the number of faculty participating in our program has increased. Surveys distributed to our 2021–22 PPP applicants who did not receive funding (n = 5/6 or 86.7%) revealed that new investigators most frequently sought mentoring related to career guidance (e.g., institutional culture, pre-tenure survival strategies), grant proposal basics (e.g., working with funding agencies, reviewing aims, balancing priorities, and enhancing scientific rigor), and identifying funding opportunities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Research productivity is expected of academic faculty, and mentoring can facilitate it. This paper presents a framework for using mentoring to develop researchers in health disciplines. We utilized recent literature reviews, and experience developing researchers at an emerging research institution within the Research Centers for Minority Institutions (RCMI) program, to propose a precision mentoring (PM) framework for research development. Although we cannot precisely determine how much improvement was due to the PM framework, over the 4 years of our program, the quality and quantity of pilot project proposals (PPP) has increased, the number of external proposals submitted and funded by PPP investigators has increased, and the number of faculty participating in our program has increased. Surveys distributed to our 2021–22 PPP applicants who did not receive funding (n = 5/6 or 86.7%) revealed that new investigators most frequently sought mentoring related to career guidance (e.g., institutional culture, pre-tenure survival strategies), grant proposal basics (e.g., working with funding agencies, reviewing aims, balancing priorities, and enhancing scientific rigor), and identifying funding opportunities. |
Geronimus, Arline T; Bound, John; Mitchell, Colter; Martinez-Cardoso, Aresha; Evans, Linnea; Hughes, Landon; Schneper, Lisa; Notterman, Daniel A Coming up short: Comparing venous blood, dried blood spots and saliva samples for measuring telomere length in health equity research Journal Article PLOS ONE, 16 (8), 2021. @article{Geronimus2021, title = {Coming up short: Comparing venous blood, dried blood spots and saliva samples for measuring telomere length in health equity research}, author = {Arline T. Geronimus and John Bound and Colter Mitchell and Aresha Martinez-Cardoso and Linnea Evans and Landon Hughes and Lisa Schneper and Daniel A. Notterman}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255237}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0255237}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-08-18}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, volume = {16}, number = {8}, abstract = {Telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from fresh venous blood is increasingly used to estimate molecular impacts of accumulated social adversity on population health. Sometimes, TL extracted from saliva or dried blood spots (DBS) are substituted as less invasive and more scalable specimen collection methods; yet, are they interchangeable with fresh blood? Studies find TL is correlated across tissues, but have not addressed the critical question for social epidemiological applications: Do different specimen types show the same association between TL and social constructs?}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from fresh venous blood is increasingly used to estimate molecular impacts of accumulated social adversity on population health. Sometimes, TL extracted from saliva or dried blood spots (DBS) are substituted as less invasive and more scalable specimen collection methods; yet, are they interchangeable with fresh blood? Studies find TL is correlated across tissues, but have not addressed the critical question for social epidemiological applications: Do different specimen types show the same association between TL and social constructs? |
Trotter, Robert; Baldwin, Julie A; Buck, Charles Loren; Remiker, Mark; Aguirre, Amanda; Milner, Trudie; Torres, Emma; von Hippel, Frank Arthur JMIR Research Protocol, 10 (8), 2021. @article{Trotter2021, title = {Health Impacts of Perchlorate and Pesticide Exposure: Protocol for Community-Engaged Research to Evaluate Environmental Toxicants in a US Border Community}, author = {Robert Trotter and Julie A Baldwin and Charles Loren Buck and Mark Remiker and Amanda Aguirre and Trudie Milner and Emma Torres and Frank Arthur von Hippel}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34383679/}, doi = {10.2196/15864}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-08-11}, journal = {JMIR Research Protocol}, volume = {10}, number = {8}, abstract = {The Northern Arizona University (NAU) Center for Health Equity Research (CHER) is conducting community-engaged health research involving "environmental scans" in Yuma County in collaboration with community health stakeholders, including the Yuma Regional Medical Center (YRMC), Regional Center for Border Health, Inc. (RCBH), Campesinos Sin Fronteras (CSF), Yuma County Public Health District, and government agencies and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working on border health issues. The purpose of these efforts is to address community-generated environmental health hazards identified through ongoing coalitions among NAU, and local health care and research institutions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Northern Arizona University (NAU) Center for Health Equity Research (CHER) is conducting community-engaged health research involving "environmental scans" in Yuma County in collaboration with community health stakeholders, including the Yuma Regional Medical Center (YRMC), Regional Center for Border Health, Inc. (RCBH), Campesinos Sin Fronteras (CSF), Yuma County Public Health District, and government agencies and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working on border health issues. The purpose of these efforts is to address community-generated environmental health hazards identified through ongoing coalitions among NAU, and local health care and research institutions. |
Hardy, Lisa J; Mana, Adi; Mundell, Leah; Benheim, Sharón; Morales, Kayla Torres; Sagy, Shifra Living in opposition: How women in the United States cope in spite of mistrust of federal leadership during the pandemic of Covid-19 Journal Article Journal of Community Psychology, 49 (6), pp. 2059-2070, 2021. @article{Hardy2021, title = {Living in opposition: How women in the United States cope in spite of mistrust of federal leadership during the pandemic of Covid-19}, author = {Lisa J Hardy and Adi Mana and Leah Mundell and Sharón Benheim and Kayla Torres Morales and Shifra Sagy}, url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33729586/}, doi = {10.1002/jcop.22544}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-08-01}, journal = {Journal of Community Psychology}, volume = {49}, number = {6}, pages = {2059-2070}, abstract = {International research collaborators conducted research investigating sociocultural responses to the Covid-19 pandemic. Our mixed methods research design includes surveys and interviews conducted between March and September of 2020 including 249 of 506 survey responses and 18 of 50 in-depth, exploratory, semi-structured interviews with self-defined politically left-leaning women in the United States. We employ a sequential design to analyze statistical and qualitative data. Despite international data suggesting that trust in federal governments reduces anxiety, women who did not trust and actively opposed the Trump administration reported lower levels of anxiety than expected. Results indicate reliance on and development of new forms of connection that seem to mitigate symptomatic anxieties when living in opposition. Women living in opposition to the leadership of the federal government use and develop resources to help them cope. Research on coping strategies and mental health and anxiety during crisis can inform recommendations for ways to support and strengthen sense of coherence during tumultuous times.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } International research collaborators conducted research investigating sociocultural responses to the Covid-19 pandemic. Our mixed methods research design includes surveys and interviews conducted between March and September of 2020 including 249 of 506 survey responses and 18 of 50 in-depth, exploratory, semi-structured interviews with self-defined politically left-leaning women in the United States. We employ a sequential design to analyze statistical and qualitative data. Despite international data suggesting that trust in federal governments reduces anxiety, women who did not trust and actively opposed the Trump administration reported lower levels of anxiety than expected. Results indicate reliance on and development of new forms of connection that seem to mitigate symptomatic anxieties when living in opposition. Women living in opposition to the leadership of the federal government use and develop resources to help them cope. Research on coping strategies and mental health and anxiety during crisis can inform recommendations for ways to support and strengthen sense of coherence during tumultuous times. |